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题型考核范围:中国政治、经济、文化文章长度:140—180汉字(核心难词基本给出)分值:15分及格分数9分(由过去的句子翻译更换为短段落翻译,分值由过去的5%到改革后的15%)剪纸(papercutting)是中国最为流行的传统民间艺术形式之一。中国剪纸有一千五百多年的历史,在明朝和清朝时期(theMingandQingDynasties)特别流行。人们常用剪纸美化居家环境。特别是在春节和婚庆期间,剪纸被用来装饰门窗和房间,以增加喜庆的气氛。剪纸最常用的颜色是红色,象征健康和兴旺。中国剪纸在世界各地很受欢迎,经常被用作馈赠外国友人的礼物PapercuttingisoneofChina’smostpopulartraditionalfolkarts.Chinesepapercuttinghasahistoryofmorethan1,500years.ItwaswidespreadparticularlyduringtheMingandQingDynasties.Peopleoftenbeautifytheirhomeswithpapercuttings.DuringtheSpringFestivalandweddingcelebrations,inparticular,papercuttingsareusedtodecoratedoors,windowsandroomsinordertoenhancethejoyousatmosphere.Thecolormostfrequentlyusedinpapercuttingisred,whichsymbolizeshealthandprosperity.Chinesepapercuttingisverypopulararoundtheworldanditisoftengivenasapresenttoforeignfriends.中国新年是中国最重要的传统节日,在中国也被称为春节。新年的庆祝活动从除夕开始一直延续到元宵节(theLanternFestival),即从农历(lunarcalendar)最后一个月的最后一天至新年第一个月的第十五天。各地欢度春节的习俗和传统有很大差异,但通常每个家庭都会在除夕夜团聚,一起吃年夜饭。为驱厄运、迎好运,家家户户都会进行大扫除。人们还会在门上粘贴红色的对联(couplets),对联的主题为健康、发财和好运。其他的活动还有放鞭炮、发红包和探亲访友等。ChineseNewYearisthemostimportanttraditionalChineseholiday.InChina,itisalsoknownastheSpringFestival.NewYearcelebrationsrunfromChineseNewYear’sEve,thelastdayofthelastmonthofthelunarcalendar,totheLanternFestivalonthe15thdayofthefirstmonth.CustomsandtraditionsconcerningthecelebrationoftheChineseNewYearvarywidelyfromplacetoplace.However,NewYear’sEveisusuallyanoccasionforChinesefamiliestogatherfortheannualreuniondinner.Itisalsotraditionalforeveryfamilytothoroughlycleanthehouseinordertosweepawayillfortuneandtobringingoodluck.Anddoorswillbedecoratedwithredcoupletswiththemesofhealth,wealthandgoodluck.Otheractivitiesincludelightingfirecrackers,givingmoneyinredenvelopes,andvisitingrelativesandfriends.•符合原文信息(5分+)信•译文通顺,语言基本准确。(6~11)达•语法高端,用词华丽。(12分+)雅上邪!我欲与君相知,长命无绝衰。山无陵,江水为竭,冬雷震震,夏雨雪,天地合,乃敢与君绝!—汉乐府IloveyouIlovebutyouWithalovethatshallnotdieTillthesungrowscoldAndthestarsgrowold.—WilliamShakespeare如何在考试中做到信和达?句子五大结构S+V主谓S+V+O主谓宾S+V+P主系表S+V+O+O主谓宾宾S+V+O+C主谓宾补S+V+O主谓宾S+v+p主系表什么做了什么。什么是什么。Step1:找框架风水是中国建筑的一种特殊传统,是古人对空间的布置和安排方法。在古代,风水通常将从选址、设计、建筑直到内部和外部装修的过程联系在一起。它将天、地、人三者融为一体,并且在所选的地址、方位、自然法则以及人类命运之间寻求和谐。Step1:找框架风水是中国建筑的一种特殊传统,是古人对空间的布置和安排方法。在古代,风水通常将从选址、设计、建筑直到内部和外部装修的整个过程联系在一起。它将天、地、人三者融为一体,并且在所选的地址、方位、自然法则以及人类命运之间寻求和谐。Step1:找框架Fengshuiis……a…tradition,is…a..method.Inancienttimes,Fengshuiconnected…thewholeprocess.Itcombinedtheheaven,theearthandthehumanbeings,seekforagreement…………Step2:补成分FengshuiisoneofspecialtraditionsofChinesebuildings,isamethodwhichancientChineseusedtoarrangespace.Inancienttimes,Fengshuiconnectedthewholeprocessofplace-choosing,designing,building,eveninsideandoutsidedecoration.Itcombinedtheheaven,theearthandthehumanbeings,seekforagreementamongchosenaddress,direction,naturallawtogetherwithhumandestiny.Step3:语法修正FengshuiisoneofspecialtraditionsofChinesebuildings,andisamethodwhichancientChineseusedtoarrangespace.Inancienttimes,Fengshuiconnectedthewholeprocessofplace-choosing,designing,building,eveninsideandoutsidedecoration.Itcombinedtheheaven,theearthandthehumanbeingsandsoughtfortheagreementamonglocation,directionandnaturallaw.一个简单句(没有连词)只能有一个谓语动词,如果一句话中出现多个动词,解决方式包括:1.增加连词(简)2.非谓语化(难)千万注意句子动词时态和语态的一致性。英语的动词不仅体现动作本身,更体现动作发生的时间与主被动关系STEP4句子合并:•京剧被称为中国的国粹(nationalopera),起源于18世纪,是将音乐、舞蹈、艺术综合一体的戏剧。•……京剧的剧目(repertoire)主要讲述前朝传说故事,其中包括古代重要的历史事件以及王侯将相,才子佳人。•儒家思想出现在大约2500年前的春秋时期(theSpringandAutumnPeriod),是建立在夏、商、周的传统文化之上,并由孔子创立的完整观念体系。(ideologicalsystem)Examples•BeijingOperaisknownasnationalopera.•Itstarted(originated)fromthe18thcentury.•Itisanoperawhichcombinesmusic,danceandart.Knownasnationalopera,BeijingOpera,whichoriginatedfromthe18thcentury,isanoperathatcombinesmusic,dance,andart.Examples•TherepertoireoftheBeijingOperamainlytellsstoriesandtalesaboutpreviousdynasties.•Itincludesthemostimportanthistoricalevents,emperors,ministers,generals,talentsandgreatbeauties.TherepertoireoftheBeijingOperamainlytellsstoriesandtalesaboutpreviousdynasties,includingthemostimportanthistoricalevents,emperors,ministers,generals,talentsandgreatbeauties.Examples•Confucianismisacompleteideologicalsystem.•ItfirstappearedintheSpringandAutumnPeriodabout2500yearsago.•ItwasbasedonthetraditionalculturesofXia,ShangandZhoudynasties.•ItwasfoundedbyConfucius.Confucianism,whichfirstappearedintheSpringandAutumnPeriodabout2500yearsago,basedonthetraditionalculturesof….dynastiesandfoundedbyConfucius,isacompleteideologicalsystem.连词风水是中国建筑的一种特殊传统,是古人对空间的布置和安排方法,其目的是为了实现建筑与环境的共存。四合院遍布全国的城乡,但由于各地自然条件和生活方式各有不同,因此发展出各自的特点。Details(连词通常需要翻译)注意一下字眼的翻译:如:为了,目的是,旨在to;inorderto;inorderthat;sothat;forthepurposethat;由于;鉴于;because;becauseof;since;as;owingto;dueto;inviewof,GivenDetails:FengshuiisoneofspecialtraditionsofChinesearchitecture,isamethodofancientChinesearrangementofspace(inorderto)achievethecoexistenceofenvironmentandarchitecture.SiheyuanspreadaroundChinaincludingcitesandvillages,but(however)becauseofthedifferentnaturalconditionsandlifestyles,eachhasdevelopedcertaincharacteristics.常用连词替代词(雅)And:aswellas;togetherwith
本文标题:英语四级翻译讲义
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