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2016年高考试题分项解析之专题4从句1.【2016·北京】22.Ilivenextdoortoacouple________childrenoftenmakealotofnoise.A.whoseB.whyC.whereD.which【答案】A考点:考查定语从句【名师点睛】定语从句的关系词分为关系代词(who,whom,whose,that,which,as等)和关系副词(when,where,why等)。1.关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在从句中充当主语、宾语,定语等成分。关系副词可代替的先行词是表示时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。eg.Anarchitectisapersonwho/thatdesignshousesandbuildings.Thecitywhere/inwhichIwasbornisonthenewrailwayline.2.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时,关系代词可省略(非限定性定语从句中不可省略)。eg.Ifinditdifficulttocooperatewiththosewhoalwayssticktotheirownopinions.Ifinditdifficulttocooperatewiththeonewhoalwaysstickstohisownopinion.Thesuit(which/that)thetailormadeformedoesn’tfitme.3.非限定性定语从句中,关系词均不可省略。注意关系代词that,关系副词why,不可用于非限定性定语从句。4.作介词宾语的关系代词在限制和非限制性定语从句中,关系代词作介词宾语,即介词+关系代词,whom用于指人,which用于指物,不能用that。eg.Themanwithwhomyoushookhandsjustnowisheadofourdepartment.Mrs.Nye,withwhomyoushookhandsjustnow,isheadofourdepartment.Theroominwhichmyfamilyliveusedtobeagarage.2.【2016·北京】24.Yoursupportisimportanttoourwork.________youcandohelps.A.HoweverB.WhoeverC.WhateverD.Wherever【答案】C考点:考查主语从句【名师点睛】主语从句SubjectClauses(在主语的位置上)1.从句的连接词可以是that,也可以是特殊疑问词wh-。Thatheisafamoussingerisknowntous.=Itisknowntousthat…Whetherweshallattendthemeetinghasn’tbeendecidedyet.Whowillgomakesnodifference.Itisknowntousthatheisafamoussinger.ItisnotyetfixedwhenhewillgotoAmerica.本题中,whatever引导主语从句,同时作do的宾语。2.wh和ever连用的词引导的名词性从句和状语从句的区别区分使用wh-和wh-ever:wh有疑问的意思;wh-ever有肯定强调的意思*Whowillbeinvitedhasn’tbeendecided.*Whoevercomeshereiswelcomed.*Arewardof$1,000willbegiventowhoevercanprovideanycluestothecase.*ThegiftwillbegiventowhomeverIlike.wh-ever在引导名词性从句时不能用nomatterwh-来替换,但在引导状语从句时可以替换Whateverhappened,hewouldnotmind.=Nomatterwhathappened,he……3.【2016·北京】27.Mygrandfatherstillplaystennisnowandthen,________he’sinhisnineties.A.aslongasB.asifC.eventhoughD.incase【答案】C考点:考查状语从句【名师点睛】1.引导目的状语从句的从属连词。主要的有inorderthat,sothat,incase,forfear等。如:Heraisedhisvoicesothateveryonecouldhear.他提高了嗓音,以便每个人都能听见。Takeyourumbrella(just)incaseitrains.带上雨伞,以防下雨。Sherepeatedtheinstructionsslowlyinorderthatheshouldunderstand.她把那些指示慢慢重复了一遍好让他听明白。2.引导结果状语从句的从属连词。主要的有sothat,so…that,such…that等。如:IwenttothelectureearlysothatIgotagoodseat.我去听演讲去得很早,所以找个好座位。3.引导让步状语从句的从属连词。主要的有although,though,eventhough,evenif,while,however,whatever,whoever,whenever,wherever等。如:Althoughtheyaretwins,theylookentirelydifferent.他们虽是孪生,但是相貌却完全不同。4.引导方式状语从句的从属连词。主要的有as,asif,asthough,theway等。如:Whydidn'tyoucatchthelastbusasItoldyouto?你怎么不听我的话赶乘末班公共汽车呢?5.引导地点状语从句的从属连词。主要的有where,wherever,everywhere,anywhere等。如:ThechurchwasbuiltwheretherehadoncebeenaRomantemple.这座教堂盖在一座罗马寺庙的旧址。6.引导比较状语从句的从属连词。主要的有than和as…as。如:Shewasnowhappierthanshehadeverbeen.现在她比过去任何时候都快活。4.【2016·北京】29.Themostpleasantthingoftherainyseasonis________onecanbeentirelyfreefromdust.A.whatB.thatC.whetherD.why【答案】B考点:考查表语从句【名师点睛】表语从句PredictiveClauses(在be动词后)1.从句的连接词可以是that,也可以是wh-的特殊疑问词。Thefactisthatsheneverlikedhim.Thequestioniswhetherthemovieisworthseeing.Thequestioniswhocancompletethedifficulttask.This/That/Itisbecause…Ithinkitisbecauseyouaredoingtoomuch.Thereasonwhy…isthat…Thereasonwhytheplayissuccessfulisthatitappealstomanydifferentpeople.2.只能用whether的情况*在表语从句、主语从句、同位语从句中*在介词后的宾语从句中Italldependsonwhethertheywillsupportus.*在不定式之前Hedoesn’tknowwhethertostayornot.*从句中有ornot时Hedoesn’tknowwhetherheshouldstayornot.5.【2016·北京】33.Ireallyenjoylisteningtomusic________ithelpsmerelaxandtakesmymindawayfromothercaresoftheday.A.becauseB.beforeC.unlessD.until【答案】A考点:考查状语从句【名师点睛】从属连词的用法1.引导时间状语从句的从属连词(1)表示“当…时候”或“每当”的时间连词。主要的when,while,as,whenever。如:Don'ttalkwhileyou'reeating.吃饭时不要说话。HecamejustasIwasleaving.我正要走时他来了。(2)表示“在……之前(或之后)”的时间连词。主要的有before,after。如:Trytofinishyourworkbeforeyouleave.离开前设法把工作做完。(3)表示“自从”或“直到”的时间连词。主要的有since,until,till。如:She'sbeenplayingtennissinceshewaseight.她从八岁起就打网球了。Nevertroubletroubletilltroubletroublesyou.(谚)不要无事惹事。(4)表示“一……就”的时间连词。主要的有assoonas,themoment,theminute,thesecond,theinstant,immediately,directly,instantly,once,nosooner…than,hardly…when等。如:I'llletyouknowassoonasIhearfromher.我一接她的信就通知你。(5)表示“上次”、“下次”、“每次”等的时间连词。主要的有everytime(每次),eachtime(每次),(the)nexttime(下次),anytime(随时),(the)lasttime(上次),thefirsttime(第一次)。如:I'lltellhimaboutit(the)nexttimeIseehim.我下一次见到他时,我就把这个情况告诉他。注意:everytime,eachtime,anytime前不用冠词,(the)nexttime,(the)lasttime中的冠词可以省略,而thefirsttime中的冠词通常不能省略。2.引导条件状语从句的从属连词。这类连词主要有if,unless,as[so]longas,incase等。如:DoyoumindifIopenthewindow?我开窗你不介意吧?注意:在条件状语从句中,通常要用一般现在时表示将来意义,而不能直接使用将来时态。不过,有时表示条件的if之后可能用will,但那不是将来时态,而是表示意愿或委婉的请求(will为情态动词)。如:Ifyouwillsitdownforafewmoments,I'lltellthemanageryou'rehere.请稍坐,我这就通知经理说您来了。3.引导原因状语从句的从属连词。主要的有because,as,since,seeing(that),now(that),considering(that)等。如:HedistrustedmebecauseIwasnew.他不信任我,因为我是新来的。6.【2016·北京】35.Iamnotafraidoftomorrow,________IhaveseenyesterdayandIlovetoday.A.soB.andC.forD.but【答案】C考点:考查并列连词【名师点睛】一、并列连词的用法1.表示转折关系的并列连词。这类连词主要有but,yet等。如:Someoneborrowedmypen,butIdon'trememberwho.有人借了我的钢笔,但我不记得是谁了。2.表示因果关系的并列连词。这类连词主要有for,so等。如:Thechildhadabadcough,sohismothertookhimtothedoctor.这孩子咳得很利害,所以他妈妈带他去看医生。注意:for表示结果通常
本文标题:2016年高考英语真题分类汇编专题04从句解析版解析
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