高中英语七选五解题技巧课件(共36张PPT)

七选五阅读答题指导高考英语专题复习高考大纲要求试题模式：给出一篇缺少5个句子的文章，对应有七个选项，要求同学们根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。考查重点：主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。（考试说明）选项特点：主旨概括句（文章整体内容）过渡性句子（文章结构）注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）题型解读•1.看标题、副标题预测文章大意•2.看选项，找出和文章相对应的关键词•3.通读全文，查看主题句，分析结构•4.看空前空后内容，分析之间的逻辑性•5.灵活掌握答题顺序(先易后难)•6.代入答案，重点核查逻辑关系。具体解题步骤：分析篇章结构，把握全篇文脉是阅读填空题解题的关键。分析文章的层次包含两种形式：一种是分析整篇文章的层次，也就是段落。另一种是分析每一个段落内部的层次，也就是语段层次。句际间意义句间关联词段落语段篇章结构类题解题技巧通读整篇文章，理清文章结构和中心；根据试题所在位置确定不同的解题策略。根据空格所在位置确定不同的解题策略1)如果空格在段首或首段中间或为段落标题通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题。2)如果空格在段尾通常是结论、概括性语句(但大部分还是起到呈上的作用）。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词。◆运用上下文所重复的关键词推断◆利用同义词和近义词关系◆利用词的上下义关系◆利用反义词、过渡词关系◆理清结构，确定答案，最后再理顺一遍相邻的两个句子中间必定会有信息的重叠。细节类题型解题技巧语义链：每一个句子都要包含一些和上下句相似或有关的东西----词汇细节类题型解题技巧1同词复现语言粘连衔接手段：词汇3句子之间的逻辑关系2同范畴词复现4替代复现是指作者在文章上下文不同的位置，对同一个概念进行重复描述复现关系，主要是指原词复现，同义词复现，近义词复现，反义词复现等等Thesechangesinlifestyleleadtonewkindsofsicknesses.72_Sotheyarecalled,diseasesofcivilization.C.Inthatcase,theywouldlivemuchhealthier.D.Acientpeoplealsogotlotsofphysicalexercise.E.Thesenewsicknesseswerenotknowninancienttimes.词汇复现（同词复现)词汇复现（同词复现)Ihaverecentlygotaseniorpositionwithinmycompany.Oneofmynewtasksistomakemonthlyprogressreportsonmydepartmentinfrontofotherseniorofficials.Duringmyfirstmeeting,Ipresentedandthenopenedthefloortoquestions.66Myfirstreactionwastoanswerdefensively.Later,IrealizedthatIshouldn’thavefeltthatway.ButhowcanIkeepcoolandeffectivelyanswerquestionsinthistypeofsettings?B.Restatethequestionwithrespect.C.Someideascanbequiteconcrete.D.Thereweremanydifficultquestions.词汇复现（反义词复现）Therearetimesinourlivessuchaswhenwehaverecentlymovedintoanewtown,orchangedourjobsorschools.Suchchangesoftenleavesuswithoutafriend71.Butformanyofustheprocessisdifficultandrequirescourage….D.Trynottofindfaultwithyourfriends.E.Makingnewfriendscomeseasyforsomepeople.F.Forafriendshiptodevelopyouneedtostayintouch.Ontheotherhand,theadvantagesofgoingoverseasmayincludeday-to-dayopportunitiestolearnanewculture,meetnewfriendswithwhomyoucanuseandpracticethelanguage,andchancestoseedifferentpartsoftheworld.______Thosedisadvantagesincludeexpense,timeawayfromone’sschool,family,…A.Thefollowingareitsadvantages.B.However,theremaybeanumberofdisadvantages.C.Consideradistanceeducation.D.Mostofusareadaptedtostudyingatschool.同词复现反义暗示转折关系词汇同现（同一词汇范畴）同范畴词出现，同范畴词是指，跟此词汇相关或同一领域的词汇，在文章中共同出现，达到语义衔接的目的.你可以在选项中找到与此词汇最接近的词，从而达到快而准，一般来说，上下文中词汇联系越接近，上下文的衔接关系越紧密Parentsshouldhelptheirchildrenunderstandmoney.71soyoumaystarttalkingaboutmoneywhenyourchildshowsaninterestinbuyingthings,candyortoys,forexample.D.Talkyourselfwhatthingsthatcostmoneyaremostimportanttoyou.E.Askyourselfwhatthingsthatcostmoneyaremostimportanttoyou.G.Thebesttimetoteachachildanythingaboutmoneyiswhenheshowsaninterest.词汇同现（同一词汇范畴）4)代词线索法英语表达中代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用无非是指代前面提及的名词或句子，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。代词线索Trytakingthesefoursteps.thenexttimeyouarestressed:(1)Getsupport.Whenyouneedhelp,reachouttothepeoplewhocareaboutyou.Talkto“trustedadult,suchas“parentorotherrelatives.72Theymighthavehadsimilarproblems,suchasdealingwithatest,orthedeathofabelovedpet.D.Ah,itfeelssogoodwhenthestressisgone.E.Youneedtofigureoutwhattheproblemis.F.Anddon'tforgetaboutyourfriends.Thelogicalconnections逻辑衔接：语段的逻辑关系并列递进概括归纳顺序因果解释例证转折对比4）逻辑关系线索法并列与递进关系：firstly,secondly,thirdly,first,then,next,finally,atlast,intheend.inthefirstplace,inthesecondplace,foronething,foranother,and,also,not…but…,further,moreover,what’smore,either…or…,neither…nor…,notonly…butalso,inaddition,aswell,tomakemattersworse….等;因果关系：so,therefore,thus,hence,accordingly,consequently,asaresult等；转折与让步关系：however,infact,asamatteroffact,nevertheless,though,yet,inspiteof,onthecontrary,(un)fortunately,otherwise,while,ratherthan,evenif,despite,等。解释关系infact,actually,forexample,inotherwords,thatistosay,asamatteroffact逻辑关系线索Thebestwaytoenjoyyourfriendshipistoallowyourfriendstobethemselves.75Trynottochangethemfromwhotheyaretowhatyouwantthemtobe.Becomethekindoffriendyouwillwantyourfriendtobetoyou.B.Dothingstogether.C.Donotwaittobespokento.D.Trynottofindfaultwithyourfriends.（并列或递进关系）逻辑关系线索Itisagoodthingtostayintouch.However,trynottopressyournewfriendwithcalls,messagesorvisitsasthiswouldlikelywearhimorheroutandfinallyyoumayloseyourfriend.74.Thebestfriendshipsaretheonesthatgrownaturally.E.Makingnewfriendscomeseasyforsomepeople.F.Forafriendshiptodevelopyouneedtostayintouch.G.Soyouwillneedtogiveyourfriendtimetoreacttoyou.（因果关系）逻辑关系线索Everyoneisforgetful,butasweage,westarttofeellikeourbrainsareslowingdownabit—andthatcanbeaveryannoyingthing.71Readonforsometechniquesworthtrying.D.Sotakeafewminuteseachdaytodosomereading.F.Luckily,researchshowsthereisalotyoucandotoavoidthosemoments.G.Inotherwords,whenyoutakecareofyourbody,youtakecareofyourbrain.（转折关系）照应1语言粘连衔接手段：语法2暗示3替代4连接By2020,Dr.DavidDavisbelieves,cartechnologywillgivemotoristsaclearviewoftheroad,whatevertheweatherconditions,byprojectinganimageoftheroadaheadontothecar’swindscreen._______Carswillbeconnectedbyanelectronictowbar(牵引杠）tothecarinfronttoform“road—trains”.A.Everydriverwilluselessfuelinthecarheowns.