仪表等级飞行员理论培训stage5219IFRFLIGHTPLAN全文案例分析电子版

IFRFlightConsiderationsIFRFlightPlanningFlightOverview•AIM:5-1-1to5-1-13•Beforeplanningtheflightdetails…takeabroadlookatyourobjective.Compare:–Distancewithfuel–Weatherwithroute–Terrainwithaircraftperformance–Goalandyourproficiency–Isthistripreallynecessary?.•§91.103Preflightaction.–Eachpilotincommandshall,beforebeginningaflight,becomefamiliarwithallavailableinformationconcerningthatflight.Thisinformationmustinclude–•(a)ForaflightunderIFRoraflightnotinthevicinityofanairport,weatherreportsandforecasts,fuelrequirements,alternativesavailableiftheplannedflightcannotbecompleted,andanyknowntrafficdelaysofwhichthepilotincommandhasbeenadvisedbyATC;•(b)Foranyflight,runwaylengthsatairportsofintendeduse,andthefollowingtakeoffandlandingdistanceinformation:•“NWKRAFT”14CFR91.103•PreflightAction:NWKRAFT•(a)ForaflightunderIFR,pilotshouldknow:•N-Notams(allavailableinfoconcerningflight)•W-weatherreportsandforecasts•K-knowntrafficdelays•R–runwaylengths•A-alternativesavailable•F-fuelrequirements•T–TakeOff/LandingDistanceinfo,Section(b).•§91.167FuelrequirementsforflightinIFRconditions•(a)NopersonmayoperateacivilaircraftinIFRconditionsunlessitcarriesenoughfuel(consideringweatherreportsandforecastsandweatherconditions)to––(1)Completetheflighttothefirstairportofintendedlanding;–(2)Exceptasprovidedinparagraph(b)ofthissection,flyfromthatairporttothealternateairport;and–(3)Flyafterthatfor45minutesatnormalcruisingspeed.•(b)Paragraph(a)(2)ofthissectiondoesnotapplyif:–(1)Part97ofthischapterprescribesastandardinstrumentapproachprocedureto,oraspecialinstrumentapproachprocedurehasbeenissuedbytheadministratortotheoperatorfor,thefirstairportofintendedlanding;and–(2)Appropriateweatherreportsorweatherforecasts,oracombinationofthem,indicatethefollowing:•(i)Foratleast1hourbeforeandfor1houraftertheestimatedtimeofarrival,theceilingwillbeatleast2,000feetabovetheairportelevationandthevisibilitywillbeatleast3statutemiles.14CFR91.167•FuelRequirementsforFlightinIFRConditions:–tofirstairportofintendedlanding–toalternateairport(ifrequired)–45minutesatnormalcruisingspeed•AlternateisNOTneededwhen:–firstairporthasIAPAND–1-2-3ruleforecastwx–+/-1hourETA–Atleast2,000’ceiling–Atleast3SMvisibility.•§91.169IFRflightplan:Informationrequired.–(a)Informationrequired.UnlessotherwiseauthorizedbyATC,eachpersonfilinganIFRflightplanmustincludeinitthefollowinginformation:•(1)Informationrequiredunder§91.153(a)ofthispart;•(2)Exceptasprovidedinparagraph(b)ofthissection,analternateairport.–(b)Paragraph(a)(2)ofthissectiondoesnotapplyif:•(1)Part97ofthischapterprescribesastandardinstrumentapproachprocedureto,oraspecialinstrumentapproachprocedurehasbeenissuedbytheAdministratortotheoperatorfor,thefirstairportofintendedlanding;and•(2)Appropriateweatherreportsorweatherforecasts,oracombinationofthem,indicatethefollowing:–(i)Foraircraftotherthanhelicopters.Foratleast1hourbeforeandfor1houraftertheestimatedtimeofarrival,theceilingwillbeatleast2,000feetabovetheairportelevationandthevisibilitywillbeatleast3statutemiles.14CFR91.169•IFRFlightPlan:InformationRequired•Section(c)IFRalternateairportstandardminimums–600’ceiling/2smforprecision–800’ceiling/2smfornonprecision–atETAatalternate•forecastWXmustallowdescentfromMEAtoairportunderbasicVFR–(checkVFRminimumsforallairspaceyouwilltransit!)WITHIAPNOIAP:–(c)IFRalternateairportweatherminima.–UnlessotherwiseauthorizedbytheAdministrator,nopersonmayincludeanalternateairportinanIFRflightplanunlessappropriateweatherreportsorweatherforecasts,oracombinationofthem,indicatethat,attheestimatedtimeofarrivalatthealternateairport,theceilingandvisibilityatthatairportwillbeatorabovethefollowingweatherminima:•(1)Ifaninstrumentapproachprocedurehasbeenpublishedinpart97ofthischapter,oraspecialinstrumentapproachprocedurehasbeenissuedbytheAdministratortotheoperator,forthatairport,thefollowingminima:–(i)Foraircraftotherthanhelicopters:Thealternateairportminimaspecifiedinthatprocedure,orifnonearespecifiedthefollowingstandardapproachminima:»(A)Foraprecisionapproachprocedure.Ceiling600feetandvisibility2statutemiles.»(B)Foranonprecisionapproachprocedure.Ceiling800feetandvisibility2statutemiles.•(2)Ifnoinstrumentapproachprocedurehasbeenpublishedinpart97ofthischapterandnospecialinstrumentapproachprocedurehasbeenissuedbytheAdministratortotheoperator,forthealternateairport,theceilingandvisibilityminimaarethoseallowingdescentfromtheMEA,approach,andlandingunderbasicVFR..•§91.173ATCclearanceandflightplanrequired.–NopersonmayoperateanaircraftincontrolledairspaceunderIFRunlessthatpersonhas–•(a)FiledanIFRflightplan;and•(b)ReceivedanappropriateATCclearance.Route•RouteSelection:–AircraftPerformance–FuelEconomy–AvailabilityofRouteAlternatives–Terrain–AircraftEquipment(IFR-certifiedGPS)–PreferredIFRroutes•Airport\FacilityDirectory•EnroutesectionofJeppesenAirwayManual–Ifstartingwithafix,thenexpectroutingbywayofODP/SID,orradarvectors..•§91.181Coursetobeflown.–UnlessotherwiseauthorizedbyATC,nopersonmayoperateanaircraftwithincontrolledairspaceunderIFRexceptasfollows:•(a)Onafederalairway,al