人教版高中英语必修五高二英语unit1语法课件新

高中英语课件madeofcanruohanxingThisisapollutedriver.Theriverispolluted.(过去分词作表语）（过去分词作定语）Thevillageisflooded.Itisafloodedvillage.Grammar一、过去分词作定语1、单个的过去分词作定语时一般兼有被动和完成的意义，常作前置定语。eg：ausedstamp一枚用过的邮票aninjuredfinger一个受伤的手指alightedcandle一支点燃的蜡烛注意：过去分词作定语时，有时只有被动意义。e.g.：spokenEnglish英语口语writtenexercises书面练习少数表示位移或状态改变的不及物动词的过去分词只有完成的意义fallenleaves落叶therisensun升起来的太阳thedevelopedcountries发达国家aretiredteacher一名退休教师2、过去分词短语作后置定语，表示被动和／或完成意义。e.g.：Ilikewearingclothesmadeofthiskindofcloth．我喜欢穿这种布料做的衣服。e.g.：ThebookswrittenbyLuXunarepopular．鲁迅写的书很受欢迎abrokenheartanorganizedtrip=aheartwhichisbroken=atripwhichisorganized3.过去分词作前置定语还是后置定语，都可转换为一个对应的定语从句。thegirldressedinwhite=thegirlwhoisdressedinwhitethebookwrittenbyLuxun=thebookwhichiswrittenbyLuxun4、过去分词修饰something,everything,anything,nothing,somebody,nobody等不定代词或指示代词those时，要放在这些词的后面。Heisoneofthoseinvited.Nothingreportedinthenewspaperwillinteresthim.Isthereanythingunsolved?1.Hevisitedthebridgebuiltlastyear.2.Thebridgetobebuiltnextyearwillbeverylarge.3.Haveyounoticedthebridgebeingbuiltnow?5.动词的过去分词，不定式和动词-ing的被动形式在句中都可做定语，表达被动的含义，但时间意义上不同。二、过去分词作表语1、过去分词作表语，表示主语的特点或所处的状态，其前的系动词有包括be在内的多种形式。e.g.：Everyonepresentisveryinspiredathisspeech．听了他的发言，在场的所有人都很振奋。Youseemfrightened.你似乎受了惊吓。Someproblemsstillremainedunsolved.Practice:Completethesentencesusingthepastparticipleasthepredicative.1.丢了钱他自责不已。He______________aboutlosingthemoney.2、你为什么总是看上很疲劳？这些日子睡得好吗？Whydoyoualways_______________?Doyousleepwellthesedays?3.我对昨晚看的电影很失望。我原以为它能好些。I_____________________thefilmIsawlastnight,Ihadexpectedittobebetter.gotblamedlooksotiredwasdisappointedwith4.听说那位明星死了，人人都很惊讶。Everybody____________tohearthedeathofthefamousfilmstar．5.要去动物园了，孩子们非常兴奋。Thechildren______________________goingtothezoo．6.他的伤口感染了一种新病毒.Hiswound___________________anewvirus．wasshockedarereallyexcitedaboutbecameinfectedwith（１）作表语的过去分词，被动意味很弱，主要表示动作的完成和状态，此时相当于一个形容词。（２）被动语态的过去分词，动作意味很强，句子主语为动作的承受者，后常跟by短语。2、过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别：Theglassisbroken.OurclassroomiscrowdedTheglasswasbrokenbyJack.ThewindowswereclosedbyTomlastnight.现在分词与过去分词他们的区别1.语态上现在分词:表示主动的动作过去分词:表示已经被动的动作2.时间上现在分词:表示正在进行的动作过去分词:表示完成的意思Iheardsomeoneopeningthedoor.Iheardthedooropened.thefallingleavesthefallenleavesboilingwaterboiledwatertherisingsuntherisensun3.现在分词表示它所修饰的名词或句子主语的特征、特性。过去分词表示它所修饰的名词或句子主语的心理感受或状态。Thenewsisexciting.Wewereexcitedtohearit.•总结过去分词和V-ing形式的区别:•表主动的，进行的，表特征---含有“令人……”之意•表被动的，完成的，表状态---含有“感到……”之意V-ing形式过去分词•amusing,amused;•encouraging,encouraged;•disappointing,disappointed;•puzzling,puzzled;•satisfying,satisfied;•tiring,tired;•pleasing,pleased;•astonishing,astonished等。•英语中这样的分词还有很多，如：1.A.Nobodywasinthestoryhetold.B.Thestoryhetoldwasvery.(interested,interesting)2.A.Everybodywastohearthenews.B.Thenewsisveryindeed.(excited,exciting)3.A.Theresultofthetestwasrather.B.Hewasveryattheresultofthetest.(disappointed,disappointing)4.A.Whathesaidwasvery.B.Iwasveryatthesight.(amused,amusing)Fillintheblankwithproperwords.interestedinterestingexcitedexcitingdisappointingdisappointedamusingamused1.LindaworkedfortheMinnesotaManufacturingandMiningCompany,______as3M.2.A.knowingB.known3.C.beingknownD.tobeknown高考链接B解析：答案B。此处考查过去分词作后置定语，3M与know之间是被动关系，故用过去分词表示被动。2.Thedisc,digitally________inthestudio,soundedfantasticatthepartythatnight.A.recordedB.recordingC.toberecordedD.havingrecorded高考链接A解析：答案A。此处考查过去分词作后置定语，disc与record之间是被动关系，故用过去分词表示。3.Don’tusewords,expressions,orphrases_______onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.A.beingknownB.havingbeenknownC.tobeknownD.known高考链接D解析：答案D。know与words，expressions，phrases构成动宾关系，故用过去分词表示被动。4.Theflowers_______sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.A.tosmellB.smellingC.smeltD.tobesmelt高考链接B解析：答案B。此处为现在分词作定语，修饰flowers。smell为系动词，不能用于被动语态，相当于which/thatsmellssweet。2.ThegirlwhoisdressedinredisKelly’slong-lostfriend.=Thegirl_________________isKelly’slong-lostfriend.练习一．句型转换1.Athiefstolethegoatthatwastiredtothetree.=Athiefstolethegoat______tothetree.tireddressedinred3.Thecastle,whichwasburntdowninthesixteenthcentury,wasneverrebuilt.=Thecastle,_________________________________,wasneverrebuilt.burntdowninthesixteenthcentury4.Fatherbeatthesonwhowaslostintheonlinegames.=Fatherbeattheson________intheonlinegames.lost5.Theproject,whichwasdesignedbytheChineseengineers,wasconstructedinonly2year.=Theproject,_________________________________,wasconstructedinonly2year.designedbythechineseengineers练习二单句改错1.Theywereallamusingatwhathesaid.2.Hewasveryexcitingtohearthenewsthattheirteamhadwon.3.Thesituationwasabitdiscouraged.4.Twopagesinthisdictionaryaremissed.5.Yourmotherisquiteworryingaboutyourstareofhealth.1.Asisknowntousall,travelingis______,butweoftenfeel______whenwearebackfromtravels.2.A.interesting;tiredB.interested;tiringC.interesting;tiringD.interested;tiredA练习三单选2.Hearingthe____news,weallfelt___.A.encouraging,encouraging,B.encouraged,encouragedC.encouraged,encouragingD.encouraging,encouragedD3.Fromthedates______onthegoldcoin,itisconfirmedthatwasmadefivehundredyearsago.A.markingB.markedC.tobemarkedD.havingbeenmarkedB4.The_______lookinherfacesuggested