不同生境类型金莲花群落物种多样性比较

2808Vol.28,No.08PRATACULTURALSCIENCE1467-147208/2011马凯1,李永宁1,金辉1,龙在海2,卢银平2(1.,071000;2.,068450):采用群落多样性指数中Shannon-Wiener多样性指数丰富度指数Pielou均匀度指数及群落相似性指数中的Jaccard指数和Sorenson指数,对河北省承德接坝地区5种生境条件下金莲花(Trolliuschinensis)群落进行比较结果表明,林中空地湿地沟谷荒坡及林下5种生境类型金莲花群落共包括36科93属182种,林中空地物种数最多,林下物种数最少各群落的物种生态类型均表现为湿生植物多于旱生植物,反映了金莲花喜湿的特性Shannon-Wiener多样性指数表现为林中空地沟谷湿地荒坡林下,丰富度指数表现为林中空地湿地沟谷荒坡林下,均匀度指数表现为沟谷林中空地荒坡湿地林下群落相似性比较表明,湿地和林中空地两种生境差异性最小,林下和沟谷差异性最大,群落相似性的比较结果与群落多样性的方差分析结果较为一致土壤水分与光照是影响金莲花群落物种多样性及群落相似性的主要因子:金莲花;生境;物种多样性;群落相似性:Q948-15:A:1001-0629(2011)08-1467-06*(Trolliuschinensis)(Ranun-culaceae)(Trollius),750~2200m[1]32,[2](T.asiaticus)(T.mac-ropetalus)(T.ledebouri),,[3],,,,,[4-7][8-9],[10-11],,,,1,11621~11814E,4135~4240N,,,110d,3,450mm,7-9,1350mm1250m,1.58hm2,1.24hm2,69.7m3,(Ostryopsisdavidiana)(Pteridiumaquili-num),,,,,22.1样地调查5[11]50100m,5m10m1m1m,,90,37251585,*:2010-11-04:2011-03-13:(2006BAD23B0203-1):(1984-),,,,E-mail:[e-mail]:E-mail:[e-mail](Vol.28,No.08)08/20112.2分析方法2.2.1(D1)Shannon-Wiener(H)Pielou(Jh)[12-15](D1):D1=S-1lnN;Shannon-Wiener(H):H=-si=1PilnPi;Pielou(Jh):Jh=H/lnS,N;Nii;Pii,Pi=Ni/N;S2.2.2,Jaccard(Cj)Soren-son(Cs)[16-17]Jaccard(Cj):Cj=j/(a+b-j);cj=1-Cj;Sorenson(Cs):Cs=2j/(a+b);cs=1-Cs,j;abAB;CjCs,cjcs2.2.3Excel2003ForStat2.1SPSS17.033.1不同生境类型金莲花群落物种种类成分3.1.1182,36,93(Com-positae)(Rosaceae)2(1)5,,83.3%88.9%,,63.9%69.4%61.1%,,,40.1%31.3%,3,26.0%,,3.1.21234454(Compositae)(Rosaceae)(Saussurea)(Polygonum)(Artemisia)(Vicia)(S.amara)(P.viviparum)(A.pubescens)(V.cracca)(Chenopodiumal-bum)325257(Gramineae)(Sanguisorba)(Carex)(S.officinalis)(C.appendiculata)253949(Filipendula)(F.palmata)(S.amurensis)(S.pur-purascens)224047(Caryophyllaceae)(Hemerocallis)(Dendranthema)(Stellaria)(H.fulva)(D.chanetii)(Malachiumaquaticum)(H.lilio-asphodelus)306473(Rhinanthus)藨草属(Scirpus)(Geranium)藨草(S.triqueter)草地老鹳草(G.prat-ense)(R.glaber)(G.wil-fordii)146808/2011(2808)[18-19],,80%;,10%,,,;,(2)3.1.3,3[20],,85%;,(3),,,,5,,(P0.05)(3),,,,,,,藨草灰(Calthapalustris),35,,,3(P0.05)(3),,(Plantagoasiatica)(Lappulamyosotis)3.2不同生境类型金莲花群落的物种多样性比较,,(),[21-23]52(%)(%)(%)84.311.96(Heracleumhemsleyanum)13.73(Conyzacanadensis)(P.lapathifolium)81.01藨草早熟禾12.66(S.ussuriensis)6.33(P.divaricatum)88.714.767.9480.015.2610.53(C.serotinum)84.217.56(Haleniasibirica)8.863(%)=0.05(%)=0.05(%)=0.0547.8d35.9a4786.3a911.0ab11.2bc4787.8a710.9abc23.1ab4085.9a48.5cd---6191.5a1012.2a22.4bc6185.4a:(P0.05),(P0.05)1469PRATACULTURALSCIENCE(Vol.28,No.08)08/20111,,,(1)3.2.1,[24]1A,5,(17.22),(6.12),30.05,4(P0.05),,,,,(Larixprincipis-rupprechtii)(Betulaplatyphylla),0.3~0.8,,,,3.2.2,()[25]1B,Shannon-Wiener,Shannon-Wiener(0.97);(0.91);0.05,4,,,,,,,,,3.2.3Pielou,,,,0.94,,0.86(1C)5,,,,5,(Campanulapuncatata),,(Onagraceae)(Valerianaceae)(Campanulaceae)(Orchidaceae)9,,3.3不同生境类型金莲花群落相似性比较[15,26](4),cscj,5,,,,,,,4,,59,藨147008/2011(2808)4cscjcscs-0.41610.43590.44550.3926-0.58760.60710.61640.58160.4161-0.47300.56060.30590.5876-0.64220.71840.46850.43590.4730-0.60710.44000.60710.6422-0.75560.61110.44550.56060.6071-0.52240.61640.71840.7556-0.68630.39260.30590.44000.5224-0.58160.46850.61110.6863-,,,,,;,,,,,,cscj,,,,,40283341,441)53693182,,;,;,,,,,2)5,;;,;33),5,,;,[1].[J].,2008,31(4):107-108.[2],,.[J].,2007,9(3):29-33.[3].[J].,1994,25(6):291.[4].[J].,1996,18(3):50.[5],,,.[J].,2005,20(1):14-16.[6],,,.[J].,2006(8):14-15.[7],.[J].,2010,19(1):10-11.[8],,,.[J].,2010,24(1):1-5.[9],,,.[J].,2003(34):30-33.[10],,,.[J].,2003(05):19.[11],,,.[J].,2009,24(1):51-52.[12].()[J].,1994,2(3):162-168.[13],.()[J].,1994,2(4):231-239.[14]PeetRK.Themeasurementofspeciesdiversity[J].AnnualReviewofEcologyandSystematics,1974,5:1471PRATACULTURALSCIENCE(Vol.28,No.08)08/2011285-307.[15]MagurranAE.Ecologicaldiversityanditsmeasure-ment[M].NewJersey:PrincetonUniversityPress,1988.[16],.[J].(),1995(1):43-44.[17],,.[J].,1995,3(1):38-43.[18],,,.[J].,1999,19(4):573-577.[19],.[J].,1998,40(6):553-559.[20].[M].:,2006.[21]ChristensenM,Heilmann-ClausenJ.Forestbiodiver-sitygradientsandthehumanimpactinAnnapurnaConservationArea,Nepal[J].BiodiversityConserva-tion,2009,18:2205-2221.[22]LiXR,ZhangZS,ZhangJG,etal.Associationbe-tweenvegetationpatternandsoilpropertiesinthesoutheasternTenngerDesert,China[J].AridLandResearchandManagement,2004,18:1-15.[23],,,.[J].,2004,24(12):2932-2939.[24],,.[J].,2009,26(12):87-91.[25].[J].,2010,27(1):20-24.[26],,,.[J].,2006,23(6):6-9.AcomparisonofthespeciesdiversityofTrolliuschinensiscommunityindifferenthabitatsMAKai1,LIYong-ning1,JINHui1,LONGZa-ihai2,LUYin-ping2(1.CollegeofForestryofAgriculturalUniversityofHebei,HebeiBaoding071000,China;2.MulanNationalForestFarmManagementBureauofHebei,HebeiChengde068450,China)Abstract:TheShannon-wienerindex,richnessindex,Pielouevennessindex,Jaccardindex,andSorensonindexwereusedtoinvestigatecommunitiesofTrolliuschinensisgrowninfivedifferenthabitatsinCheng-deofHebeiProvince.Theresultsshowedthat182plantsspeciesin93generaof36familieswerefoundinfivedifferenthabitats;includingforestopenspace,wetlands,valleys,slopelandsan