大学英语四级考试听力讲解

大学英语四级考试听力部分技巧与方法1.四级考试题型2.四级考试对话部分考点透视3.四级考试短文听力部分4.听力应试综合指导5.各部分详细解题方法说明四级考试新题型测试内容测试题型分值比例听力对话短对话选择8%长对话选择7%听力短文短文理解选择10%短文听写听写10%1.四级考试题型2.四级考试对话部分考点透视Ⅰ.对话题的题型分析㈠听力对话按题型分类㈡听力对话按听力内容的表达方式分类㈢按答案的摄取方式分类Ⅱ.对话题应试高分技巧听力对话的题材十分广泛,但以贴近学生生活,学习的话题为主。对话中常见的话题可以归纳为以下八种：1.学校生活：有关课程、考试、作业、借书等方面的话题。如：M:I’mexhausted,Istayedupthewholenightstudyingformymidtermmathsexam.W:Butwhydoyoualwayswaituntilthelastminute?Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?2.旅游交通：有关参观、游览、乘车、登机、海关检查等方面的内容。如：M:Thetaxiiswaitingdownstairs.Let’shurry.W:Waitaminute.I’lltakesomefoodwithus.Idon’tlikethemealsservedonthetrain.Q:Whatarethespeakersgoingtodo?㈠听力对话按题型分类Ⅰ.对话题的题型分析３.饮食娱乐：内容涉及餐饮、聚会、球赛、影视等。如：M:Mary,wouldyoujoinmefordinnertonight?W:Youtreatedmelastweekend,nowit’smyturn.ShallwetrysomethingItalian?Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?４.宾馆住房：内容涉及房屋租用、房间预订、住房搬迁等。如：M:Ihearyouaremovingintoanewapartmentsoon?W:yes,butitismoreexpensive.Mypresentneighborplaysthepianoallnightlong.Q:whyisthewomanmoving?5.工作状况：涉及求职、面试、职务提升、工资待遇等方面内容。如：W:Youseemveryconfidentaboutthejobinterview,don’tyou?M:Yes.Ifeelreadyforit.IboughtagoodsuitinaclothingstoreandIhadmyhaircut.Ihadstudiedalmosteverythingaboutfinanceandeconomics.Q:Whereisthemanprobablygoingtowork?6.卫生环境：涉及气候、温度、环境卫生、疾病、就医等内容。如：M:Hello.Mrs.White,whatcanIdoforyou?W:Idon’tknowwhat’sthematterwithme.Iamalwaysfeelingtired.Iamusuallywornoutattheendoftheday.Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?7.装饰维修：包括房屋装修、设备安装、检测维修等。如：W:You’vegotyourapartmentfurnished,haven’tyou?M:Yes.IboughtsomeusedfurnitureattheSundayMarket.Anditwasarealbargain.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?8.日常生活：包括活动安排、人际交往、购物消费等。如：M:doyoustillkeepintouchwithyourparentsregularlyafteralltheseyears?W:Yes,ofcourse.Icallthematweekendswhentheratesaredownfiftypercent.Q:Whatdowelearnaboutthewomanfromtheconversation?听力对话中谈话人表达自己观点或陈述某一事实的方式多种多样,大致可分为以下六类。1.直陈表达——说话人用直陈语气直接表达事实或自己的观点、态度等。说话人的真实套度或意图可以从正面理解。M:Look!Theviewisfantastic,couldyoutakeapictureofmewiththelakeasabackground?W:I’mafraidI’vejustrunoutoffilm.Q:Whatsowelearnfromtheconversation?AThewomaniswatchinganexcitingfilmwiththeman.BThewomancan’ttakeaphotooftheman.CThewomanisrunningtowardthelake.DThewomanisfilmingthelake.㈡听力对话按听力内容的表达方式分类2.否定表达——说话人以否定的方式表达肯定的意思，说话人的态度往往比较强烈，语气十分肯定。M:Ireallycan’taffordanymoreinterruptionsrightnow.I’vegottofinishtheassignment.W:Sorry,justonemorething,couldyougivemearidetoschooltomorrow?Q:Whatcanbeinferredfromtheconversation?AThemanwilldrivethewomantoschool.BThemanhasfinishedhisassignment.CThemaniswillingtohelpthewoman.DThemanislosingpatiencewiththewoman.3.祈使表达——以祈使句形式表达自己的意见、建议或意愿，祈使句形式可以是肯定的也可以是否定的。M:Ican’tunderstandwhyBobisn’thereyet.Doyouthinkweshouldtrytocallhimorgolookforhim?W:Heprobablyjustgotholdupintraffic.Let’sgivehimafewmoreminutes.Q:Whatarethespeakersprobablygoingtodo?AGiveBobaphonecall.BGoandpickBobup.CGolookforBob.DWaitforBob.4.虚拟表达——以虚拟语气的形式表达自己的态度、建议或愿望，所表达的事实意思往往与语句的表面意思相反。M:Prof.Kennedyhasbeenverybusythissemester.AsfarasIknow,heworksuntilmidnighteveryday.W:Iwouldn’thavetroublehimsomuchifIhadknownhewassobusy.Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?AThewomanhastroublegettingalongwiththeprofessor.BThewomanregretshavingtakenupmuchoftheprofessor’time.CThewomanknowstheprofessorhasbeenbusy.DThewomanknowstheprofessorhasrunintotrouble.5.重复反问——对文中的主要信息词进行重复并提出反问，所表达的意见或态度往往与上下文相反。M:Let’sseeifthebasketballgamehasstartedyet.W:Started?Itmustbeclearwhoiswinningbynow.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?ASheissurewhoisgoingtowin.BNowitisagoodtimetostartthegame.CThegamehasbeengoingonforalongtime.DThesameteamalwayswin.6.转折表达——先说明原本的意图或情势，经but/instead/rather等转折后再说明后来的实际想法或事实结果。M:Howdidyoulikeyesterday’splay?W:Generallyspeaking,itwasquitefood.Thepartofsecretarywasplayedwonderfully,butIthinkthemanwhoplayedthebosswastoodramatictoberealistic.Q:Howdoesthewomanfeelabouttheman?AHeplayedhispartquitewell.BHewasnotdramaticenough.CHeperformedbetterthanthesecretary.DHeexaggeratedhispart.听力对话题的答案有的可以从谈话者的原话中摄取,有的则需要对原对话进行推理或综合判断,对话按照答案摄取方式为四类:1.直摄型——从对话中直接找到答案。W:Hi,George.Couldyougivemearide?Iwanttobuysomefoodforthepicnic.M:OK.I’mgoinghome,butIcandropyouatthesupermarket.Q:Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?ABuysomethingforthepicnic.BGoforaridearoundtown.CGoshoppingwiththeman.DHaveapicnic.㈢按答案的摄取方式分类2.解释型——正确选项是对话中关键词语的同义转述。W:Isthatoptionalcourseashardaseverybodysays?M:It’sactuallyevenworse,believeitornot.Q:Whatdoesthemansayaboutthecourse?AIt’snotashardasexpected.BIt’stootoughforsomestudents.CIt’smuchmoredifficultthanpeoplethink.DIt’sbelievedtobethehardestoptionalcourse.3.计算型——答案需经过计算得来。在多数情况下计算都和时间或价格有关。W:Here’sa10dollarbill,givemetwoticketsfortonight’sshowplease.M:Sure.Twoticketsandhere’s$1.40change.Q:Howmuchdoesoneticketcost?A$1.40.B$4.30.C$6.40.D$8.60.4.推理型——问题所需要的答案不能直接从原文中摄取，需经过推理才能得出。M:Ispentsomuchtimepolishingmyletterofapplication.W:It’sworthwhiletomaketheeffort.Youknowjusthowimportantitistogiveagoodimpression.Q:Whatdoweknowabouttheman?AHewantstogetanewposition.BHeisaskingthewomanforhelp.CHehasleftthewomanagoodimpression.DHeenjoysletterwriting.对话内容听不懂，没有依据来判断正确答案是听力考试中最常发生的事，遇到这种情况，我们可以用以下