【新教材】牛津译林版(2020)英语必修一-Unit1-Words

2020版译林牛津高中新教材UnitOneWordlist1.Potential•apotentialleader可能成为领导者的人•exploit/fulfil/realizeone'spotential发掘[发挥/认识]自己的潜力2.Senior•Heistenyearsseniortome.他比我大十岁.•seniorandjuniorofficers.高级军官和下级军官•(often常作Senior,abbr缩写Sen)(placedimmediatelyaftersb‘sname置於姓名之後)beingtheparentofsbwiththesamename（父或母与子女同名情况下的）父或母:JohnBrownSenior老约翰.布朗.•studentintheyearbeforegraduationfromahighschoolorcollege（中学或大学的）毕业班的学生:[attrib作定语]hersenioryearatcollege她在大学毕业班那一年.•1、大学一年级学生：freshman2、大学二年级学生：sophomore3、大学三年级学生：junior4、大学四年级学生：senior1.pathAlaneisanarrowcountryroad.*lane是乡间小径.Apathorfootpathisawaymarkedoutforpeopletowalkalong,betweenhousesinatownoracrossfields,besiderivers,etcinthecountry.*path或footpath是市镇中住宅之间或郊野中穿越田地﹑沿河等有标志的人行道.Atrackisaroughpathinthecountry,oftennotofficiallymarked,butmadebytheconstantpassingofpeople,animalsorvehicles.*track指郊野土路,常无正式标志,仅为人﹑动物或车辆走得多而形成者.Laneandtrackcanalsorefertotheseparatepartsofaroad(lane)orrailway(track)separatingcarsortrainspassinginoppositedirectionsorovertaking*lane和track还可指分开来自对面车辆或供超车用的部分路面,公路用lane,铁路用track:asix-lanemotorway有六条行车线的高速公路*adouble-trackrailwayline双轨铁路线.Runnersinanathleticsstadiumruninindividuallanes.在田径运动场上赛跑的人有各自的lane.*Thewholeareatheyrunoniscalledthetrack.进行赛跑的整个地段称为track.challenge1/ˈtʃælɪndʒ;ˋtʃælɪndʒ/n~(tosb)(todosth)acceptachallenge发出[接受]挑战.~(tosth)difficult,demandingorstimulatingtask艰巨的﹑高难度的或有激励性的任务:Reducingthegapbetweenrichandpoorisoneofthemainchallengesfacingthegovernment.缩小贫富之间的差距是政府面临的主要[Tn,Tn.pr,Dn.t]~sb(tosth要求某人做某事（尤指参加竞赛或证明某事正当）:Shechallengedthenewspapertoproveitsstory.她要求这家报纸证实报道的真实性.[Tn]怀疑（某事）的真实性﹑正确性或有效性;提出异议:challengesb‘srighttodosth怀疑某人是否有权力做某Thisnewdiscoverychallengestraditionalbeliefs.这项新的发现对传统观念提出了异议.[Tn]testtheabilityof(sb);stimulate考验（某人）的能力;激励;鞭策:Thejobdoesn'treallychallengehim.这项工作不能真正考验他.challengernpersonwhochallenges,espinsport提出竞争要求的人（尤指体育运动中）;挑战者.challengingadjofferingproblemsthattestsb'sability;stimulating（为考验某人的能力）提出难题的;激励的;挑战的:achallengingjob,test,assignment,etc激励人的工作﹑考验﹑任务等.positive/ˈpɔzətɪv;ˋpɑzətɪv/adj明确的指示﹑命令﹑规定等*Wehavenopositiveproofofherguilt.我们没有她犯罪的确切证据.~(aboutsth/that...)（指人）有把握的,确信的:Areyouabsolutelypositivethatitwasaftermidnight?你是否有绝对把握认为那事是在午夜以後发生的?(a)有助益的;建设性的提出有益的建议﹑意见等*Trytobemorepositiveindealingwiththeproblem.对解决该问题再积极一些.(b)自信的;乐观的:apositiveattitude,feeling,etc乐观的态度﹑情绪等*positivethinking,ieadeterminedmentalattitudethathelpsoneachievesuccess必胜的思想.(oftheresultsofatestoranexperiment)indicatingthatasubstanceispresent（指试验或实验的结果）表明存在某物质的,阳性的:Thetestsprovedpositive.试验结果呈阳性(mathematics数)(ofaquantity)greaterthanzero（指数量）正的:apositivenumber正数*thepositivesign(+)正号.containingorproducingthetypeofelectricalchargeproducedbyrubbingglasswithsilk正电的;正极的:apositivecharge正电荷*thepositiveterminalofabattery,ietheonethroughwhichelectriccurrentleavesthebattery电池的正极端子.反义词negativelie2/laɪ;laɪ/v(ptlay/leɪ;le/,pplain/leɪn;len/,presplying)躺，在lie1/laɪ;laɪ/v(pt,pplied,presplying)撒谎lay1/leɪ;le/v(pt,pplaid/leɪd;led/)放rise2/raɪz;raɪz/v(ptrose/rəuz;roz/,pprisen/ˈrɪzn;ˋrɪzn/)risetotheoc`casion,`challenge,`task,etcproveoneselfabletodealwithanunexpectedsituation,problem,etc有随机应变﹑克服困难﹑完成任务等的能力.raisevt.饲养;举起;建造(房子);使增加;增强;提高;栽培;繁殖Rise[I,Ipr,Ip,In/pr上升Theriverhasrisen(by)severalmetres.河水上涨了好几米[I](fml文)（躺﹑坐或跪後）起立,起身;起床:accustomedtorisingearly习惯於早起Herose(inorder)towelcomeme.他起身欢迎我Risen(a)上升;升起;进展;振兴:theriseandfalloftheBritishEmpire大英帝国的兴衰.(b)increaseinamount,numberorintensity（金额﹑数量或强度的）增加:ariseinthepriceofmeat,thevalueofthedollar,theaveragetemperature肉类价格的上涨﹑美元的升值﹑平均温度的增高.斜坡;小山;岗;丘:Atthetopoftherisetheypausedforarest.他们在小山的顶部停下来休息.*a(Brit)(USraise)increase(inwages)（工资的）增加:demandarise(inwages)fromnextOctober要求从下个十月份起增加工资.(idm习语)giverisetosth(fml文)causesth引起﹑导致某事物:Herdisappearancegaverisetothewildestrumours.她失踪一事引起了各种流言蜚语.acquire/əˈkwaɪə(r);əˋkwaɪr/v[Tn](a)gain(sth)byone'sownability,effortsorbehaviour（靠自己的能力﹑努力或行为而）获得,得到（某事物）:acquireagoodknowledgeofEnglish,anantiquepainting,atasteforbrandy,areputationfordishonesty学好英语﹑得到一幅古画﹑学会喝白兰地酒﹑得到不诚实的名声.acquisition/ˏækwɪˈzɪʃn;ˏækwəˋzɪʃən/n[U]actionofacquiring获得;得到:theacquisitionofantiques,knowledge,afortune获得古董﹑知识﹑财富.Effort努力Hemustputmoreeffortintohiswork.他必须更加努力工作.effortlessadjneedingnoorlittleeffort不需努力的;不费力的:Sheplayswithseeminglyeffortlessskill.她演奏得似乎毫不费力.effortlesslyadv.effortlessnessn[U].Effectn影响effect/ɪˈfekt;ɪˋfɛkt/n[C,U]~(onsb/sth)效应;结果;後果:Thefilmhadquiteaneffectonthem.Affectv.影响Theiropinionwillnotaffectmydecision.他们的意见不会影响我的决定.Advanceadvance1/ədˈvɑːns;US-ˈvns;ədˋvæns/nrecentadvancesinmedicalscience医学上的新进展.预付;预支;借贷:Thebankgave/madeheranadvanceof500.银行贷给她500英镑.(idm习语)inadvance(ofsth)beforehand;aheadintime预先;事先;事前:Therentmustbepaidinadvance.租金须预付.It'simpossibletoknowinadvancewhatwillhappen.预知未来发生的事是不可能的.advanceadj[attrib作定语]预先做好的;预先供给的:givesbadvancewarning/noticeofsth对某事物给某人预先警告[通知]*makeanadvancebooking,iereserveahotelroom,aseatinatheatre,etcbeforethetimewhenitisneeded预定（旅馆房间﹑戏票等）advance2/ədˈvɑːns;US-ˈvns;ədˋvæns/v(a)[I,Ipr,In/pr]~(on/towardssb/sth)前进:Ourtroopshaveadvancedtwomiles.我们的部队已经前进了两英里.(b)[I](fig比喻)makeprogress进步:adv