重型卡车制动系统-中英文版2015-10解析

0ChassisDepartmentofC&CTrucksCo.,Ltd.ResearchInstitute2015年9月September,2015第一部分概述Chapter1Overview第二部分制动系统构造Chapter2BrakeSystemConstruction第三部分制动系统工作原理Chapter3OperatingPrincipleofBrakeSystem第四部分制动系统主要部件功用及工作原理Chapter4FunctionsandOperatingPrincipleofMainBrakeSystemComponents第五部分制动系统装配调校注意事项Chapter5PrecautionforAssemblingandAdjustmentofBrakeSystem第六部分制动系统故障及排除Chapter6BrakeSystemProblemsandTroubleshooting1目录Contents1、制动系的功用：FunctionsofBrakeSystem:①使行驶的汽车减速或停车；①Decelerateorstoptherunningvehicle;②使下坡行驶的汽车车速保持稳定；②Keepthespeedstablewhenthevehicleisdrivenonthedownhill;③使已停驶的汽车在原地（包括在斜坡上）驻留不动。③Leavethestoppedvehicleinoriginallocation(includingontheslope).2、制动系的类型：TypesofBrakeSystem:①行车制动：通过操纵制动踏板实现①Servicebrake:itisachievedbyoperatingthebrakepedal②驻车制动：通过操纵驻车制动手柄实现②Parkingbrake:itisachievedbyoperatingtheparkingbrakehandle③应急制动：与驻车制动相结合，通过操纵驻车制动手柄实现③Emergencybrake:Combiningwiththeparkingbrake,itisachievedbyoperatingtheparkingbrakehandle④辅助制动：通过操纵驾驶室内辅助制动按钮实现④Supplementalbrake:itisachievedbyoperatingthesupplementalbrakebuttoninthecab3、制动系的组成：ComponentsofBrakeSystem:①供能装置：如空压机、储气筒等①Supplydevice:suchasaircompressor,airreservoir②控制装置：如制动踏板、手阀等②Controldevice:suchasbrakepedal,parkingbrake③传能装置：如各控制阀及管路元件等③Transmissiondevice:suchasvariouscontrolvalvesandpipecomponents④执行装置：如制动器等④Executiondevice:suchasbrake2一、概述Chapter1Overview3驻车手阀+挂车手阀ParkingBrake+TrailerParkingBrake前盘式制动器+气室FrontDiscBrake+AirChamber挂车连接头及管路TrailerConnectorandPipeline制动大管束及散管BigBrakePipeBundleandSeparatePipes后ABS电磁阀RearABSSolenoidValve前ABS电磁阀FrontABSSolenoidValve挂车阀TrailerValve空压机AirCompressor制动踏板+脚阀BrakePedal+ServiceBrake制动硬管BrakeHardPipe限压阀ReliefValve四回路Four-circuit干燥器Dryer差动阀DifferentialValve继动阀RelayValve后桥盘式制动器及制动气室RearAxleDiscBrakeandBrakeChamber储气筒模块AirReservoirModule排气制动蝶阀ExhaustBrakeButterflyValve二、制动系统构造Chapter2BrakeSystemConstruction多通接头Multi-wayConnector前继动阀FrontRelayValve储气筒AirReservoir适配阀AdaptationValve挂车ABS电磁阀ABSForTrailer变速箱+缓速器TransmissionandRetarder储气筒AirReservoir联合卡车制动系统整车布置简图CompleteVehicleLayoutofC&CTrucksBrakeSystem整车从布置上大致可分为：供能、控制和执行元件三个部分。Thecompletevehiclecanberoughlydividedintothreepartsaccordingtoitsarrangement:supply,controlandexecutivecomponents.供能元件即从空压机至干燥器再到四回路、储气筒等的相关元件及管路；Supplycomponentscontaintheaircompressor,dryer,four-circuit,airreservoirandotherrelatedcomponentsandpipelines;控制元件即踏板、脚阀、手阀、继动阀、差动阀，及连接各控制阀之间的若干管路；Controlcomponentscontainthepedal,servicebrake,parkingbrake,relayvalve,differentialvalveandtheseveralpipesbetweenthecontrolvalves;执行元件即气路终端制动器及相关执行气路。Executivecomponentsarethebrakesattheendoftheaircircuitsandtherelevantexecutiveaircircuits.4执行元件部分ExecutiveComponentPart供能元件部分SupplyComponentPart控制元件部分ControlComponentPart1.联合卡车制动系统工作原理详见下图（以4×2牵引车为例）1.SeethefollowingdrawingfortheoperatingprincipleofC&Ctrucksbrakesystem(take6×4tractorforexample)从图中可以看出，整个制动气路大致可分为：行车制动、驻车制动、辅助制动及其余辅助用气等。下面将分别对这几种制动方式的工作原理作以详细介绍。Asseenfromthedrawing,thewholebrakeaircircuitisroughlydividedinto:servicebrake,parkingbrake,supplementalbrake,otherauxiliaryairandect..Next,theoperatingprinciplesofthesebrakingmethodswillbedescribedindetail.5三、制动系统工作原理Chapter3OperatingPrincipleofBrakeSystem6a.行车制动：ServiceBrake:联合卡车行车制动采用双回路气压制动系统。即前行车制动回路和后行车制动回路，二者彼此独立。见下图线条加粗部分，其中红色代表前行车制动回路，绿色代表后行车制动回路。TheC&Ctruckservicebrakeusesthedouble-circuitpneumaticbrakesystem.Itincludesthefrontservicebrakecircuitandtherearservicebrakecircuit,whichareindependent.Asshownbytheboldlinesinthedrawing,theredrepresentsthefrontservicebrakecircuit,thegreenrepresentstherearservicebrakecircuit.脚阀ServiceBrake踏板Pedal制动气室BrakeChamber制动器Brake行车制动操纵装置ServiceBrakeOperatingDevice行车制动执行装置ServiceBrakeExecutionDevice7当需要车辆减速或遇红绿灯等其余路况需要临时停车时，驾驶员踩下制动踏板，顶杆下移，推动制动总阀8的顶杆座下移，消除排气间隙，制动总阀排气阀门关闭，进气阀门被打开，这时由后桥储气筒4过来的控制气流经制动总阀上腔流向后继动阀10的控制口，通过气流压力打开继动阀进气阀门，这时由后桥储气筒过来的供能气流便经继动阀进出气口，到后桥行车气室14，从而实现中后桥的行车制动；Whenitisnecessarytodeceleratethevehicleorstopittemporarilyasencounteringthetrafficlightorotherroadconditions,thedriverdepressesthebrakepedal,thepushrodismoveddownward,thepushrodseatofthebrakevalve8ispusheddownwardtoeliminatetheexhaustclearance,theexhaustvalveofthebrakevalveisclosedandtheintakevalveisopened.Atthistime,thecontrolledairflowfromtherearaxleairreservoir4passesthroughtheupperchamberonthebrakevalve,flowingintothecontrolportoftherearrelayvalve10,theintakevalveoftherelayvalveisopenedbytheairflowpressure,thenthesupplyairflowfromtherearaxleairreservoirpassesthroughtheinletandtheoutletoftherelayvalve,flowingintotherearaxleservicebrakechamber14,itachievestheservicebrakingofthecenterrearaxle.与此同时，由前桥储气筒5过来的控制气流经制动总阀下腔流向前继动阀10的控制口，通过气流压力打开继动阀进气阀门，这时由后桥储气筒过来的供能气流便经继动阀进出气口，到前桥制动气室13，实现前桥行车制动。Atthesametime,thecontrolledairflowfromthefrontaxleairreservoir5passesthroughthelowerchamberonthebrakevalve,flowingintothecontrolportofthefrontrelayvalve10,theintakevalveoftherelayvalveisopenedbytheairflowpressure,thenthesupplyairflowfromthefrontaxleairreservoirpassesthroughtheinletandtheoutletoftherelayvalve,flowingintothefrontaxlebrakechamber13,achievingtheservicebrakingofthefrontaxle.对于牵引车，由制动总阀过来的行车制