英语：阅读理解主旨归纳解题技巧

Welcometoourclass!做好阅读理解，我们要具备哪些能力？1、细节理解题2、词义猜测题3、推理判断题4、主旨归纳题5.作者意图、态度题6.文章结构题阅读理解考察题型：主旨归纳题Questionforms:1.Themaintopic/subjectofthepassageis_____.2.Whatismainlydiscussedinthetext/***paragraph？3.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage？4.Thepurposeofthispassageis_____.5.Thepassagemainlyfocusedon_____.6.Whatwouldbethebesttitle/topic/headlineofthetext？主题句定位法一个段落或一篇文章一般主题只能有一个，其他的内容都起说明、论证作用。段落中其它的句子或文章的其它段落是用来解释、支撑或发展主题句所表述的主题思想。其他解题技巧•1.正向法：速读文章，找主题句或自己概括主题，从选项中找出最符合的。•2.逆向法：假设题目中的选项为标题，其写法是否与所给文章一致。•3.统计法：有些段落文章有多个句子段落，各句段主题可能完全不同，此时应选择涉及最多的选项。干扰项的陷阱•1.以偏概全，干扰项故意片面地理解文章，把文章中出现过的某一个观点当成整篇文章的主题。•2.放大或缩小文章的主题，把文章的主题进行放大或者缩小。•3.偷换概念，文章讲的主题被换成相关但不同的主题。Let’spracticeHowtogetthemainideaofaparagraph?1SmokingcigarettesisharmfultoyourExperimentsshowthatcigarettesmokingcancausecancer.Besidesthemostseriousandterribledisease(illness),cancer,cigarettesmokingalsocancauseotherhealthproblems.Forexample,itcangiveonea“smoker’scough”.Finally,studieshaveshownitiseasyforcigarettesmokerstocatchcolds.Whetheryougetanunimportantcoldorterriblekiller,cancer,smokingisharmful.Isitworthit?（1.5分钟）A.Smokingcancausecancer.B.SmokingisaterriblekillerC.Smokingisharmfultoourhealth.D.Anexperimentonsmoking.Smokingcigarettesisharmfultoyourhealth.Practice：2Oftennoonelooksmoreguiltythantheinnocent.Ontheotherhand,nobodymaylookmoreinnocentthanaprofessionalcriminal.Andthemanwhoknows“everything”mayreallyonlybetryingtohidehisownweakness.So,itisfoolishtotrytojudgeapersononlybyhisappearance.（1分钟）Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Aprofessionalcriminallooksmoreinnocentthanothers.B.Don’tjudgeothersbyappearance.So,itisfoolishtotrytojudgeapersononlybyhisappearance3Ifyouwereplanningtobuyatelevisionset,thefollowingadvertisementwouldcertainlydrawyourattention:“ColorTV.Only＄79.Twodayssale.Hu--rry.”However,whenyougotothestorereadytobuy.Youmaydiscoverthattheyaresoldout.Buttheshopassistantisquicktotellyouthathehasanothermodel.Amuchbettersetwhichis“justrightforyou”Itcosts＄395.Thissalesmethodiscalled“baitandswitch”.Buyersarebaitedwithasalesadvertisement,andthentheyareswitchedtoanothermoreexpensiveone.(2.5分钟)Theparagraphcouldbeentitled_________.A.BuyingATVSetB.ASellingMethodC.BuyerBewareD.TVOnSaleThissalesmethodiscalled“baitandswitch”.(detail)(detail)(detail)诱售法•4•AcoupleofyearsagoItookthefamilyonawintervacationtoNewYorkcitytoexperiencetheholidayatmosphere.Thelongestlinesthatweekweren’tinthehalloftheempirestatebuilding,attheStatueofLibertyferryoranyofNewYork'sotherlandmarks,butinthesquareatFifthavenueand58Street,wherethecrowdtogetintoFAOSchwarz(atoystore)snakedaroundtheblock.•Theauthorwantstotellus____inthisPara.•A.thedistributionofpeople.•B.thepoortrafficconditions.•C.thepopularityofatoystore•D.theniceholidayatmosphere.Howtogetthemainideaofapassage?5①Magellan’smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.②MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetripofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust.FinallyinApril1521,MagellangottothePhilippineIslands,wherehewaskilled.HismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheIndianOcean.ItwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedtheCapeofGoodHope.BythetimetheyreturnedtoSpainonDecember21,1521,sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied.③Magellan’svoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball.（4分钟）Whichofthefollowingdoyouthinkisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.Magellan’sdeathB.GoingAroundTheWorldC.TheWorldIsRoundD.Magellan’sVoyage①Magellan’smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.Magellan’svoyagewasthefirsttriparoundtheworld.②MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetipofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust.FinallyinApril1521,MagellangottothePhilippineIslands,wherehewaskilled.HismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheIndianOcean.ItwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedtheCapeofGoodHope.BythetimetheyreturnedtoSpainonDecember21,1521,sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied.TheprocessofMagellan’slongdifficultvoyage③Magellan’svoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball.Magellan’svoyageprovedtheearthisround.①Magellan’smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.②MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetipofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungerandd