人教版-八年级上册第一单元英语知识点

人教版八年级上册英语第一单元知识点和习题Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?词组stayathome待在家里goonvacation去度假gotothemountains去爬山gotothebeach去海滩visitmuseums参观博物馆quiteafew相当多gotosummercamp去参观夏令营studyfor为……而学习goout出去mostofthetime大部分时间tastegood尝起来很好吃ofcourse当然haveagoodtime玩得高兴goshopping去购物feellike给…的感觉；感受到inthepast在过去walkaround四处走走becauseof因为onebowlof…一碗……thenextday第二天drinktea喝茶findout找出；查明goon继续takephotos照相somethingimportant重要的事upanddown上上下下comeup出来buysth.forsb./buysb.sth.为某人买某物taste+adj.尝起来……look+adj.看起来……nothing…but+动词原形除了……之外什么都没有seem+（tobe）+adj.看起来……arrivein+大地点/arriveat+小地点到达某地decidetodosth.决定去做某事trydoingsth.尝试做某事/trytodosth.尽力去做某事forgetdoingsth.忘记做过某事/forgettodosth.忘记去做某事enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事wanttodosth.想去做某事startdoingsth.开始做某事stopdoingsth.停止正在做的某事dislikedoingsth.不喜欢做某事keepdoingsth.继续做某事Whynotdo.sth.?为什么不做……呢？so+adj.+that+从句如此……以至于……tellsb.(not)todosth.告诉某人（不要）做某事人教版八年级上册英语第一单元知识点和习题词语辨析：1.他anywhere在任何地方，常用于否定句,疑问句和条件句中。Ican’tfinditanywhere.somewhere在某处，到某处，常用于肯定句。Ilostmykeysomewherenearhere.Eg:Areyougoing__________tonight?Ithinkyoucanfindyourgirlfriend__________.2.seem+形容词看起来…..Youseemhappytoday.seem+todosth.似乎、好像做某事IseemtohaveacoldItseems/seemed+从句看起来好像…；似乎….Itseemsthatnoonebelieveyou.seemlike….好像，似乎…..Itseemslikeagoodidea.3.decidetodosth.决定做某事Theydecidetovisitthemuseum.decide+疑问词+动词不定式Hecannotdecidewhentoleave.4.startdoingsth=starttodosth.开始，可与begin互换。Hestarteddoinghishomework.但以下几种情况不能用begin.1)创办，开办：Hestartedanewbookshoplastmonth.2)机器开动：Ican’tstartmycar.3)出发，动身：Iwillstarttomorrowmorning.5.over介词，多于，超过，在…以上（表示数目、程度）=morethanMyfatherisover40yearsold.在…之上，与物体垂直且不接触，与under相反。Thereisamapovertheblackboard.超过：Ihearthenewsovertheradio.遍及：Iwanttotravelallovertheworld.6.toomany太多，后接可数名词复数：Motherboughttoomanyeggsyesterday.toomuch太多，修饰不可数名词，修饰动词作状语。Wehavetoomuchworktodo.Don’ttalktoomuch.muchtoo太，修饰形容词或副词。Thehatismuchtoobigforme.You’rewalkingmuchtoofast.分辨三者的口诀：toomuch,muchtoo,用法区别看后头：much后接不可数，too后修饰形或副。toomany要记住，后面名词必复数。7.afew/few/alittle/littleafew(少数的，几个，一些)alittle(一点儿，少量)表示肯定few(很少的，几乎没有的)little(很少的，几乎没有的)表示否定修饰可数名词修饰不可数名词人教版八年级上册英语第一单元知识点和习题8.Hecan’ttakeawalkbecauseoftherain.because连词，因为，引导状语从句，表示直接明确的原因或理由。Idon’tbuytheshirtbecauseitwastooexpensive.9.none指人或物，强调数量，用howmany提问，常与of连用。noone多指人，强调“无人”这种状态，用who提问，不可与of连用，作主语时，其谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。语法1.一般过去时1）一般过去时的含义：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。2）标志时间：yesterday,lastnight/week/month/year,threedaysago等过去时间的词。3）动词过去式的变化规则：构成规则原形过去式一般在动词原形末尾加-edworkplayworkedplayed结尾是e的动词加-dhopelivehopedlived末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-edstoptripstoppedtripped结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词，先变“y”为“i”再加-edstudyworrystudiedworried写出下列动词的过去式go_______________stop___________________visit_____________study____________do__________ride____________take_____________drive__________arrive___________walk______________________sleep___________keep___________get___________用下列括号中词的正确形式填空1.I_________(like)orangeswhenIwasyoung(年轻的).ButnowI__________(notlike)them.2.Mymotheroften____________(stay)athomeonSundays,butlastSundayshe_________(notstay)athome,she_________(go)tothepark.3.WeiHua__________(have)abusydayyesterday.4.He___________(visit)theGreatWall（长城）lastyear.5.We____________(have)agoodtimeyesterday.6.Weoften__________(go)toschoolbybuslastyear.7.I__________(live)inthevillagewhenIwasachild.9.Mike__________(see)abigtigerintheparklastyear.10.Sam___________(do)thehouseworkyesterday.11.________(do)you_________(enjoy)yourselfyesterday?12.________(do)you__________(play)theviolinintheartroomyesterday?No,Ididn't.I___________(draw)somepicturesthere.人教版八年级上册英语第一单元知识点和习题4)句型（1）含实义动词肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其它.TomlivedintheUStwoyearsago.否定句：主语+didn’t+动词原形+其它.Tomdidn’tliveintheUStwoyearsago.一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其它？1).DidyougotothebeachlastSaturday?肯定回答：Yes,主语did.Yes,Idid.否定回答：No,主语didn’t.No,Ididn’t.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其它?WheredidTomliveintheUStwoyearsago?5）含be动词肯定句：主语+was/were+其它.Hewasaprimaryschoolstudentlastyear.否定句：主语+wasn’t/weren’t+其它。Hewasn’taprimaryschoolstudentlastyear.一般疑问句：was/were+主语+其它?Washeaprimaryschoolstudentlastyear?特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+其它？Whatwashelastyear?6）Wheredidyou/he/she/theygo…?是一般过去时的特殊问句，did是助动词，动词go用原型Eg:Wheredidyougoonvacation?----Istayedathome./IwenttoZhongShan.2).Howwasyourvacation?How是疑问副词，表示“如何；怎样。”Eg:Howwastheweatherthere?句型转换(改为一般疑问句)1.IwenttoSanyalastyear.2Jimwentoutwithhisfamilylastnight.3.Wefedsomehensandsomepigsinthecountryside.4.Katehadsomethingtodoatschoollastweek.5.Theydidsomethingfunonthebeach.6.Iboughtsomethingspecialformymother.2.复合不定代词：（1）复合不定代词：something,anything,everything,nothing,someone,anyone,everyone,noone,somebody,anybody,everybody,nobody,somewhere,anywhere,everywhere,nowhere人教版八年级上册英语第一单元知识点和习题（2）形容词修饰复合不定代词要后置。somethingspecial某些特别的事情anyoneinteresting任何有趣的人anywherewarm任何温暖的地方（一）句型转换。1.Weplayedfootballyesterdayafternoon.(划线提问)_________________you________yesterdayafternoon?2.Myvacationwasgreat.(划线提问)_________________yourvacation.3.Iwenttosummercampduringmyholiday.(划线提问)_________didyou_______duringyourholiday?4.Hissisterhadapartyyesterdayevening.(划线提问)_________________hissister________aparty?5.Isawthemathteacherintheofficeamomen