九年级Unit2-Grammar-Focus-1

SectionAGrammarFocusTranslatethephrases.intheshapeofontheMid-Autumnnighttraditionalfolkstoriesshootdownliveforeverflyuptothemooncalloutone’snamelayout以...形状在中秋之夜传统的民间故事击落长生不老；永生向上飞向月亮大声叫喊某人的名字摆开；布置Objectclauseswiththat,ifandwhether1.Ithinkthatthey’refuntowatch.2.Marythinksthattheteamswerefantastic.3.Billwonderswhetherthey’llhavezongziagainnextyear.4.Iwonderifit’ssimilartotheWaterFestivaloftheDaipeopleinYunnanProvince.Readthesentencesbelow,payingattentiontotheunderlinedparts.一、宾语从句的概念在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。WeknowMrGreenteachesEnglish.Sheaskediftheseanswerswereright.二、宾语从句三要素引导词（连接词）语序时态1.Ihear(that)_______________________.2.Hesaid(that)______________________.3.Theteachertoldus(that)_______________________________.hewillbebackinanhourhemissedusverymuchtheearthmoves由that引导的宾语从句注：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不充当成分，在口语当中往往省略。aroundthesunObjectclauseswiththat连词that不能省略的几种情况在由that引导的宾语从句中，由于连词that只起引导功能，无具体意义，不担当任何成份，因此在口语或非正式的文体中常可省略。然而，大凡规则总有例外的情况，在下列that引导的宾语从句中，that则不能省略。1.从句的主语是that。如：Hesaysthatthatisarealking’shat.他说那是一个真的王冠。2.that从句中含有主从复合句。如：I’mafraidthatifyou’velostit,youmustpayforit.3.主、从句之间有插入语时。如：Itsayshere,onthiscard,thatitwasusedinplays.卡片上写着，它是古代演戏用的。4.若出现两个或两上以上的由that引导的宾语从句，且由并列连词连接时，只有第一个连词that可以省略。如：Shesaid(that)shewouldcomeandthatshewouldalsobringherson.她说她要来，还要带她的儿子来。1.TheseplanetwillproducefoodandoxygenthatweneedtoliveonMars.2.ScientistswilldevelopplantsthatcangrowonMars.3.PeoplethinkthathumansonMarshavetowearspecialbootstomakethemselvesheavier.4.WeallknowthatMarsisaplanetinthesolarsystem.5.ThejourneytoMarscouldtakeonlyaveryshorttimeinspaceshuttlesthattravelathalfthespeedoflight.6.SomescientistsdonotbelievethatthejourneytoMarswillbeverycomfortable.Whichofthefollowingsentenceshasanobjectclause?√√√Writesentencesusingthewordsgiven.1.think/LanternFestival/beautiful2.don’tknow/whether/he/comehome/forthefestivalIthinkthattheLanternFestivalisbeautifulIdon’tknowwhetherhewillcomehomeforthefestival.4a4.wonder/if/mooncakes/deliciousIwonderifthemooncakesaredelicious.3.believe/WasterFestival/most/funIbelievethattheWasterFestivalisthemostfun.根据汉语句子的意思完成下列英语句子1.我认为玛丽不回来了。Idon’tthinkMary____________.2.山姆给我说他准备去上海。Samtoldmethathe______________forShanghai.3.我想知道今天晚上还有没有去北京的火车。Iwanttoknow_________thereisatraintoBeijing.willcomewasleavingif/whetherⅠ.if和whether引导宾语从句时，作“是否”讲，一般情况下，二者没有区别，可以换用。但if常用于口语中，whether比较正式。如：Millieaskedif/whetherhelikedthissweater.米莉问他是否喜欢这件羊毛衫。Thefishermanwantstoknowif/whetheritwillrain.渔民想知道天是否会下雨。Objectclauseswithifandwhether由if/whether引导的宾语从句Ⅱ.if和whether引导宾语从句时，要注意宾语从句三要素，即连词、语序和时态。由于if和whether连接的是一般疑问句，因此要注意把从句语序改为陈述句语序。如：DoesMrZhaoliveinRoom208?Couldyoutellme?→Couldyoutellmeif/whetherMrZhaolivesinRoom208?其次要注意时态变化：1.若主句是一般现在时，从句用任何所需时态。如：Hewantstoknowif/whethertheyhadagoodjourneyhome.他想知道他们回家旅途是否愉快。2.若主句是一般过去时，从句则用跟过去相关的时态。即一般现在时变为一般过去时、现在进行时变为过去进行时、一般将来时为过去将来时、现在完成时态变为过去完成时。如：Didthetrainleave?Shedidn’tknow.→Shedidn’tknowif/whetherthetrainhadleft.Ⅲ.if和whether的区别二者在下列几种情况下不能换用：1.宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，应用whether，不用if。如：Whetherthisistrueornot,Ican’tsay.这是否对，我不能说。2.宾语从句与ornot直接连用时，应用whether，不能用if。如：Idon’tknowwhetherornothewillcometomorrow.我不知道他明天是否来。3.与动词不定式连用时，只能用whether。如：Shecan’tdecidewhethertogotoAmerica.她不能决定是否去美国。4.从句作介词宾语时，只能用whether。如：IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeeling.我担心是否伤了她的感情。5.宾语从句的谓语动词是否定形式时，只能用if，不能用whether。如：Tomwantstoknowifhewon’tcomeheretomorrow.汤姆想知道他明天是否不来这儿。6.if意为“假如，如果”时，可以引导条件状语从句，而whether没有这个用法。如：IfSimoncomesheretomorrow,I’llcallyou.假如西蒙明天来这儿，我将打电话告诉你。1.Idon'tknowifMr.Wang____onafieldtrip.Ifhe___onafieldtriptomorrow,pleasecallme.A.goes;willgoB.willgo;goesC.willgo;willgoD.goes;goes2.SheaskedmeifIknew______.A.whosepenwasitB.whosepenitwasC.whosepenitisD.whosepenisitBB3.Theywonderediftheteacher______usEnglishthenextterm.A.wouldteachB.hadtaughtC.willteachD.taughtAChoosetherightanswers.5.Ihaven’tdecide____I’llgooutorstayathome.A.ifB.whenC.whyD.whether6.Iwanttoknow______helovesyou.A.thatB.whatC.ifD.whoDC4.Theboyasked______anynoisefromoutside.A.whetherhadIheardB.whetherIhadheardC.whetherhaveIheardD.whetherIhaveheardBAC7.Iwondered____ourteacherwasgoingtoattendourparty.A.whetherB.whyC.whereD.that8.I’dliketoknow_____ornot.A.whetherwillhecomeB.whetherhashecomeC.whetherhewillcomeD.ifhewillcome改为含宾语从句的复合句1.Willthetrainarriveontime?Iwanttoknow.Iwanttoknow_______thetrain______ontime.2.DidPetercomehereyesterday?LiLeiwantstoknow.LiLeiwantstoknow_________Peter_________hereyesterday.willarriveif/whethercameif/whetherCompletethesentences.1.我们不知道我们能否在火星上种植植物。Wearewondering__________________________________onMars.2.你能告诉我是不是有许多人打算搬到火星上去吗？Couldyoutellme_______________________________________toMars?whether/ifwecanif/whethermanypeoplearegoingtomovegrowplants3.我不知道他在家洗不洗衣服。Idon'tknow_________________________anywashingathome.4.我担心是否伤害了她的感情。Iamworriedabout___________________________.whetherornothedoeswhetherIhurtherfeelings1.UncleWangcameuptosee__________therewasanythingwrongwiththemachine.2.Theshopkeeperaskedmyfather________ornothewantedtochooseabigChristmastree.if/whetherwhether3.Idon’tknow__________togoorstay.4.__