短暂性动词与延续性动词详解-转换表及练习

短暂性动词与延续性动词相互转换对应表短暂性动词延续性动词现在完成时arriveat(in)getto/reachcome/go/moveto.bein/athavebeenin/atcomeback//goback/returnbebackhavebeenbackcomeout/gooutbeouthavebeenoutbecomebehavebeenclosebeclosedhavebeenclosedopen(v)beopen(adj.)havebeenopengetupbeuphavebeenupdiebedeadhavebeendeadleavebeawayfromhavebeenawayfromfallasleep/gettosleepbeasleephavebeenasleepfinish/endbeoverhavebeenovermarry/getmarriedbemarriedhavebeenmarriedbegin/startbeonhavebeenonborrowkeephavekeptbuyhavehavehadputonwearcatch/getacoldhaveacoldhavehadacoldgettoknowknowhaveknownhave/hasgonetohave/hasbeeninjointheleague/theParty/thearmybeamember/membersof;beinhavebeenamember/membersof;havebeenin语法讲解：1.现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作或存在的状态，一直持续到现在，并可以和以for或since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，也可以用在以“howlong”提问的句子中，句子中的谓语动词一般为延续性动词。例：HehasbeenawayfromBeijingfortwoyears.=HeleftBeijingtwoyearsago.Whendidthetrainarrivehere?B.Howlong____thetrain____here?2.在现在完成时的肯定句中，非延续性动词作谓语动词时，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。但可以用其他句式来表示同一个意思。例：Lucyhascomeback.Theoldmandied4yearsago.=Theoldmanhasbeendeadfor4years.HehasbeenawayfromBeijingfortwoyears.=HeleftBeijingtwoyearsago.=ItistwoyearssinceheleftBeijing.=TwoyearshaspassedsinceheleftBeijing.3.非延续性动词可以在现在完成时的否定句中作谓语，并可以与for，since引导的时间状语连用，表示动作的延续过程。例如：Shehasn’tboughtanynewclothessincelastyear.Ihaven’tborrowedthebookforalongtime.巩固习题：1.Whenhearrivedatthebusstop,thebus________for20minutes.A.hasleftB.hadleftC.hasbeenawayD.hadbeenaway2.I______theLeaguefor5yearssofar.A.joinedB.havejoinedC.havebeenin3.Thefactory________sincetheFebruaryof1988.A.hasbeenopenB.hasopenedC.wasopenD.opened4.MaryandRose_______friendssincetheymetin2000.A.havemadeB.havebeenC.madeD.havebecome5.Themeeting_______foraweeknow.A.hasfinishedB.hasendedC.hasbeenover6.MissGao______thisschoolfornearly5years.A.hasbeeninB.hascometoC.hastaught7.Ben______ateacherfor4years.A.hasbeenB.hasbecomeC.wasD.became8.I______homeforaweek.A.havereturnedB.havebeenbackC.returned9.Howlong_______he________?A.diedB.has,diedC.has,beendead10.-----HowlongcanI______thebook?------Twoweeks.A.borrowB.lendC.getD.keep11.He________thecarforaweek.A.boughtB.hasboughtC.hashad12.-----Howlong_____you_____ill?-----Twoweeks.A.didfallB.have,fellC.have,been13.Since2000,he_____hishometown.A.hasleftB.hasmovedawayC.hasbeenawayfrom14.I'lllendyouthebook,butyoucanonly_____itfor2days.A.borrowB.keepC.take15.Thebus______ontheroadfor2hourssofar.A.hasstoppedB.stoppedC.hasbeen16.Tomisillinhospital.He_______acoldforseveraldays.A.isB.catchesC.hascaughtD.hashad17.He________for2hours.A.gotupB.hasgotupC.hasbeenup