ANSYS建模基本方法

ANSYS建模基本方法ANSYS建模•ANSYS建模方法•ANSYS坐标系与工作平面•实体建模•网格划分•建模实例ANSYS建模方法•直接建模•实体建模•输入在计算机辅助设计系统中创建的实体模型•输入在计算机辅助设计系统创建的有限元模型直接建模•直接创建节点和单元，模型中没有实体•优点–适用于小型或简单的模型–可实现对每个结点和单元的编号完全控•缺点–需要人工处理的数据量大，效率低–不能使用自适应网格划分功能–不适合进行优化设计–容易出错实体建模•先创建由关键点、线段、面和体构成的几何模型，然后用网格划分，生成节点和单元•优点–适合于复杂模型，尤其适合3D实体建模–需要人工处理的数据量小，效率高–允许对节点和单元实施不同的几何操作–支持布尔操作–支持ANSYS优化设计功能–可以进行自适应网格划分–可以进行进行局部网格细化–便于修改和改进•缺点–有时需要大量CPU处理时间–对小型、简单的模型有时比较繁琐–在特定条件下可能会失败•输入在计算机辅助设计系统中创建的实体模型–操作方法：UtilityMenu-File-Import•输入在计算机辅助设计系统创建的有限元模型–操作方法：UtilityMenu-File-ImportANSYS坐标系与工作平面•坐标系及其操作–总体坐标系–局部坐标系–节点坐标系–单元坐标系–显示坐标系–结果坐标系•工作平面及其操作总体坐标系•命令：CSYS•定义笛卡尔坐标系:CSYS,0–UtilityMenu-WorkPlane-ChangeActiveCSto-GlobalCartesian•定义柱坐标系:CSYS,1–UtilityMenu-WorkPlane-ChangeActiveCSto-GlobalCylindrical–UtilityMenu-WorkPlane-ChangeActiveCSto-GlobalCylindricalY•定义球坐标系:CSYS,2–UtilityMenu-WorkPlane-ChangeActiveCSto-GlobalSphericalANSYS中，坐标系均显示为X,Y,Z，对柱坐标，X代表R，Y代表θ；对球坐标，X代表R，Y代表θ，Z代表Φ局部坐标系•局部坐标的编号由11开始•在特定位置定义局部坐标：LOCAL–UtilityMenu-WorkPlane-LocalCoordinateSystem-CreateLocalCS-AtSpecifiedLoc•通过已有结点定义局部坐标：CS–UtilityMenu-WorkPlane-LocalCoordinateSystem-CreateLocalCS-By3Nodes•通过已有关键点定义坐标：CSKP–UtilityMenu-WorkPlane-LocalCoordinateSystem-CreateLocalCS-By3Keypoints•以当前定义的工作平面圆心定义局部坐标•删除局部坐标•列表显示局部坐标结点坐标系•用于定义结点自由度的方向。默认平行于总体笛卡尔坐标系•将结点坐标系旋转到激活坐标系方向：NROTAT–GUI-MainMenu-Preprocessor-Modeling-Create-Node-RotateNodeCS-ToActiveCS–GUI-MainMenu-Preprocessor-Modeling-Move/Modify-Node-RotateNodeCS-ToActiveCS•按给定角度旋转结点坐标系：NMODIF–GUI-MainMenu-Preprocessor-Modeling-Create-Node-RotateNodeCS-ByAngle–GUI-MainMenu-Preprocessor-Modeling-Move/Modify-Node-RotateNodeCS-ByAngle•通过新坐标系各轴的方向余弦旋转结点坐标系：NANG–GUI-MainMenu-Preprocessor-Modeling-Create-Node-RotateNodeCS-ByVectors–GUI-MainMenu-Preprocessor-Modeling-Move/Modify-Node-RotateNodeCS-ByVectors•显示结点坐标系：NLIST单元坐标系•用于规定正交材料特性的方向和面力结果的输出方向，每个单元均有各自的单元坐标系，均为右手系•改变单元坐标系的方向：ESYS–GUI:MainMenu-Preprocessor-Meshing-MeshAttributes-DefaultAttribs–GUI:MainMenu-Preprocessor-Modeling-Create-DefaultAttributes显示坐标系•改变图形显示的坐标系•命令：DSYS–UtilityMenu-WorkPlane-ChangeDisplayCSto-GlobalCartesian–UtilityMenu-WorkPlane-ChangeDisplayCSto-GlobalCylindrical–UtilityMenu-WorkPlane-ChangeDisplayCSto-GlobalSpherical–UtilityMenu-WorkPlane-ChangeDisplayCSto-SpecifiedCoordSys结果坐标系•默认情况下，结果数据显示采用总体笛卡尔坐标系•改变结果坐标系：RSYS–GUI:MainMenu-GeneralPostproc-OptionsforOutput–UtlityMenu-List-Results-Options工作平面•显示工作平面：WPSTYLE,STAT–UtilityMenu-List-Status-WorkingPlane•通过坐标位置定义工作平面：WPLAN–UtilityMenu-WorkPlane-AlignWPwith-XYZLocations•通过3个关键点定义工作平面：KWPLAN–UtilityMenu-WorkPlane-AlignWPwith-Keypoint•通过3个结点定义工作平面：NWPLAN–UtilityMenu-WorkPlane-AlignWPwith-Nodes•通过线段上一点垂直线段定义：LWPLAN–UtilityMenu-WorkPlane-AlignWPwith-PlaneNormaltoLine•通过现有坐标系定义：WPCSYS–UtilityMenu-WorkPlane-AlignWPwith-ActiveCoordSys–UtilityMenu-WorkPlane-AlignWPwith-GlobalCartesian–UtilityMenu-WorkPlane-AlignWPwith-SpecifiedCoordSys工作平面的操作•移动到多个关键点坐标的平均值处：KWPAVE–UtilityMenu-Workplane-offsetWPto-Keypoint•将工作平面原点移动到指定位置：WPAVE–UtilityMenu-Workplane-offsetWPto-GlobalOrigin–UtilityMenu-Workplane-offsetWPto-OriginofActiveCS–UtilityMenu-Workplane-offsetWPto-XYZLocations•平移工作平面：WPOFFS–UtilityMenu-Workplane-offsetWPbyIncrements•旋转工作平面：WPROTA–UtilityMenu-Workplane-offsetWPbyIncrements•还原已定义的工作平面：CSWPLA实体建模•自底向上建模–关键点–硬点–线–面–体•自顶向下建模–生成面–生成体定义关键点•定义单个关键点：K–MainMenu-Preprocessor-Modeling-Create-Keypoints-InActivesCS–MainMenu-Preprocessor-Modeling-Create-Keypoints-OnWorkingPlane•在已知线段上的给定位置定义关键点：KL–MainMenu-Preprocessor-Modeling-Create-Keypoints-OnLine–MainMenu-Preprocessor-Modeling-Create-Keypoints-OnLinew/Ratio•在2个关键点之间生成单个关键点：KBTW–MainMenu-Preprocessor-Modeling-Create-Keypoints-KPbetweenKPs•在2个关键点之间生成多个关键点：KFILL–MainMenu-Preprocessor-Modeling-Create-Keypoints-FillbetweenKPs•在圆弧中心点生成关键点：KCENTER–MainMenu-Preprocessor-Modeling-Create-Keypoints-KPatCenter•复制生成关键点：KGEN–MainMenu-Preprocessor-Modeling-Copy-Keypoints•映像生成关键点：KSYMM–MainMenu-Preprocessor-Modeling-Reflect-Keypoints•将关键点移至另一个坐标系：KTRAN–MainMenu-Preprocessor-Modeling-Move/Modify-TransferCoord-Keypoint•将关键点移到一个交点上：KMOVE–MainMenu-Preprocessor-Modeling-Move/Modify-Keypoint-ToIntrsect•在已知结点处定义关键点：KNODE–MainMenu-Preprocessor-Modeling-Create-Keypoints-OnNode查看、选择和删除关键点•列表显示关键点：KLIST–UtilityMenu-List-Keypoints•图形显示关键点：KPLOT–UtilityMenu-Plot-Keypoints•选择关键点：KSEL–UtilityMenu-Select-Entities•删除关键点：KDELE–MainMenu-Preprocessor-Modeling-Delete-Keypoints•显示关键点编号：/PNUM,KP,1–UtilityMenu-PlotCtrls-Numbering•计算两个关键点的直线距离：KDIST–MainMenu-Preprocessor-Modeling-CheckGeom-KPdistances•修正关键点：KMODIF线的定义和操作•生成直线段：LSTR–MainMenu-Preprocessor-Modeling-Create-Line-Lines-StraightLine•由两个关键点生成直线段：L–MainMenu-Preprocessor-Modeling-Create-Line-Lines-StraightLine•生成圆弧线：LARC–MainMenu-Preprocessor-Modeling-Create-Line-Arcs-ByEndKps&Rad–MainMenu-Preprocessor-Modeling-Create-Line-Arcs-Through3Kps•生成圆：CIRCLE–MainMenu-Pre