Unit-II-School-and-Education-2汇总

UnitIISchoolandEducationPartOne:theQuotations•Theteacherisonewhomakestwoideasgrowwhereonlyonegrewbefore–ElbertHubbard•Theteacherinspiresthestudentstobecreative.Ontheirown,studentswillproducenewideas,butwithateacher,theywillbetwiceascreative,ifnotmoreso.•kindle[kin·dle||'kɪndl]•v.点燃;激起;燃起;煽动;着火,燃起;发亮,明亮起来;激动起来;生育•axiom[ax·i·om||'æksɪəm]•n.格言,公理,自明之理•inconclusive[in·con·clu·sive|adj.非决定性的,不得要领的,不确定的•succinctlyadv.简洁地;简便地•Learnhowtowriteclearlyandsuccinctly.书面表达时,要学会言简意赅。•miscellaneous[mis·cel·la·ne·ous|•adj.各种的,多方面的amiscellaneouscollectionofgoods一堆杂物•dunce[dʌns]n.劣学生,傻瓜•Iwasadunceatchemistry.我在化学方面是个劣等生。•latent[la·tent|adj.潜伏性的,隐藏的•sift[sɪft]v.筛;撒,撒落;过滤;详查,细究;筛;撒下,飘落;被筛;详查,细究•sealup;closeup密封•ardorn.激情;热情;狂热;热忱•Heshowsgreatardorforfame[victory].•他对名誉[胜利]表示出热切的渴望。•persistence[per'sist·ence|n.坚持;持续•Althoughhe'slesstalented,hewonbysheerdoggedpersistence.•他虽然天赋不高,但全凭坚韧的毅力赢得了胜利.PartOne:theQuotations•Theentireobjectoftrueeducationistomakepeoplenotmerely(only)dotherightthings,butenjoytherightthings.—JohnRuskin•Livingwithoutanaimislikesailingwithoutacompass.—JohnRuskin•Thegoaloftrueeducationisnotjustaboutbehavingwell,butaboutappreciatingrightvalues.Theformerisexternalwhereasthelatterisinternal.PartOne:theQuotations•Partofteachingishelpingstudentslearnhowtotolerate(putupwith)ambiguity(vagueness,uncertainty),considerpossibilities,andaskquestionsthatareunanswerable–BillMoyers•Goodteachingshouldhelpstudentshandleuncertainties,explorealternativesandprobeintoseeminglyintractable(难处理的）situationswithboldness.ReadingOne:WhatTrueEducationShouldDo•Checkyourcomprehension1.Accordingtotheauthor,trueeducationshouldtryitsbestto“drawout”whatastudenthaswithinhimratherthan“pourknowledge”intohim.2.Whenstudentsaretreatedasoysters,ateacherwouldhelpthemtoopenuprevealthepearl(riches)within.WhenReadingOne:Checkyourcomprehensionstudentsaretreatedlikesausages,ateacherwouldstuffthemandthensealthemup.3.Yes,theycan.TheauthorgivesaconcreteexampleofhowSocratespicksupanignorantslaveboy,whohasnoschooleducationatall,andprovesthattheboyreally“knows”geometry.ReadingOne:Checkyourcomprehension4.Theauthorholdsthisviewbecausethediscussionsareaboutwhatshould“gointo”thestudentsratherthanwhatshouldbe“drawnout.”Accordingtotheauthor,trueeducationshouldtrytocultivatewhatishiddeninside.5.HehastospendallhistimedoingwhattheteacheraskshimtodoandhasnotimetousehisownresourcesandmindReadingOne:CheckyourcomprehensionandCheckyourvocabularyforanalyzing,synthesizing,andevaluatingwhatheisdoing.Checkyourvocabularya2.b3.d4.c5.a6.dReadingTwo:AngelsonaPinTeachingpracticesintheUSTheeducationsystemintheUSisquitedifferentfromthatofmanyothercountries.Mostprofessorsseetheirroleashelpingstudentstoacquirelearningskillsratherthaninstructingstudents(throughlectures).TheybelievethateveryindividualhastheabilitytodiscoverknowledgeforhimselfTeachingpracticesintheUSorherselfandthatthismodeoflearningissuperiortorote[死记硬背的、机械的]memorizationoffacts.Theymayalsorespecttheknowledgeandexperiencesstudentsbringtotheclassandbelievethatitwillbebettertobuildnewknowledgeontopoftheoldexperiences.Studentsareexpectedtospeakupandnotjusthavementaldiscussionintheirownhead.GradingsystemintheUSDependingupontheperformances,astu-dentisgradedasA,B,C,DandFforeachsubject,withanAbeingthetopgradeandanFafail.Seethefollowingtablefordetail.GradePercentageA90to100B80to90C70to80GradingsystemintheUSD60to70FBelow60ReadingTwoAngelsonaPinCheckYourComprehensionA1.T2.T3.T4.F5.F6.F•CheckYourComprehensionB1.Takethebarometertothetopofthebuilding,attachalongropetoit,lowerthebarometertothestreet,andthenbringitupandmeasurethelengthoftherope.ThelengthoftheropeistheheightofthebuildingReadingTwo:CheckYourComprehensionB2.Takethebarometertothetopofthebuildingandleanovertheedgeoftheroof.Dropthebarometerandtimeitsfallwithastopwatch.Then,usetheformulaS=at2tocalculatetheheightofthebuilding.ReadingTwo:CheckYourComprehensionB3.Takethebarometeroutonasunnydayandmeasuretheheightofthebarometer,thelengthofitsshadow,andthelengthoftheshadowofthebuilding.Youwillgettheheightofthebuildingwiththeuseofasimpleproportion.ReadingTwo:CheckYourComprehensionB4.Takethebarometerandwalkupthestairs.Asyouclimbthestairs,markoffthelengthofthebarometeralongandthewall.Thencountthenumberofmarks,andthiswillgivetheheightofthebuildinginbarometerunits.5.Tiethebarometertotheendofastringandswingitasapenulum(n.摆锤;钟摆[C])anddeterminethevalueof“g”atthestreetlevelReadingTwo:CheckYourComprehensionBandatthetopofthebuilding.Theheightofthebuildingcan,inprinciple,becalculatedfromthedifferencebetweenthetwovaluesof“g”.6.Takethebarometertothebasementandknockonthesuperintendent’s[n.主管、负责人]door.Tellhimyouwillgivehimthebarometerasanexchangeifhetellsyoutheheightofthebuilding.ReadingTwo:CheckYourVocabulary1.Ajudgeshouldbeimpartial.2.Thependulumofpublicopinionhasswungback.3.Hewasmeticulous,butneverpedantic.4.Theyfailedtofulfilltheirpromisestorevivetheeconomy.5.Shedashedoffaquickletterexcusinghimfromschoolthatday.ReadingTwo:CheckYourVocabulary6.Theproportionofmentowomeninthepopulationhaschangedinrecen