声控密码电子锁电路设计[1]

河南科技学院新科学院2013届本科毕业论文（设计）倒萨论声控密码电锁电路设计学生姓名：马秉旭所在系别：电气工程系所学专业：电气工程及其自动化导师姓名：洪源完成时间：____________________声控密码电子锁电路设计摘要采用逻辑门电路设计电子密码锁，阐述了其工作原理，给出了具体的电路原理图。该密码锁具有密码预置功能，保密性强，误码报警，并且报警时间可以设定，同时用数码管显示出报警时间。密码正确时驱动继电器控制开锁指示灯，误码时报警信号由蜂鸣器发出，声音为间歇式鸣笛。采用自行设计的5V稳压电源供电，具有耗电省等特点。使用时用户必须按下确认按钮后方可知用户输入的密码是否与预置密码一致，当密码正确时密码锁可以被打开，点亮绿色二极管亮代表密码正确，锁可以打开。密码不正确时按下确认按钮，红色二极管被点亮，同时蜂鸣器鸣笛十秒，数码管显示十秒倒计时；倒计时结束时，数码管显示00，对其产生的编码信号经门电路处理后转化为低电平信号，传给秒脉冲电路控制端，使其停止工作，从而脉冲驱动的蜂鸣器也停止报警。关键词：电子密码锁，数字电路，预置密码，误码报警VoiceelectroniccipherlockcircuitdesignAbstractThelogicgatecircuitdesignelectronictricklock,expoundsitsworkingprinciple,giveaspecificcircuitprinciplediagram.Thiscombinationlockhaspasswordpresetfunctions,secrecyisstrong,erroralarm,andalarmtimecanset,andwithadigitalalarmtimetubestodisplay.Whenthecorrectpasswordisdrivingrelaycontrolthelockindicatorlight,erroralarmsignalwhenavoiceforthebuzzer,intermittentwhistling.Self-designed5Vvoltagepowersupply,hasthepowersaving,etc.Whenusingtheusermustbeontheconfirmbuttonthatbehindthepasswordofuserinputandpresetpassword,whetherconsistentwhenthecorrectpasswordcombinationlockcanbeopenwhen,lightgreenlightrepresentsthecorrectpassword,diodecanopenthelock.Passwordisnotcorrectpressconfirmbutton,reddiodetolight,andtenseconds,sirensbuzzerdigitalpipedisplaytensecondstocountdown;Theendofthecountdown,digitalpipedisplay,toproduceasignalgateafterprocessingthecodeintolowlevelsignalstothesecondpulse,thecontrolcircuit,makeitsstopworkandpulseofdriverbuzzeralsostoppedthepolice.Keywords:electronictricklock,Digitalcircuit,Presetpassword,Erroralarm目录1.前言..............................................................................................................................................11.1声控电子锁的应用与发展...............................................................................................11.2设计任务............................................................................................................................12.1方案比较............................................................................................................................12.2方案论证............................................................................................................................42.3方案选择............................................................................................................................53．单元模块电路设计.....................................................................................................................53.1序列脉冲检测电路设计....................................................................................................53.2取样及放大整形电路设计.............................................................................................113.2.1时基电路NE555..................................................................................................113.3延时及脉冲产生电路设计..............................................................................................143.3.1双时基电路NE556...............................................................................................143.4开锁次数检测及报警电路..............................................................................................153.4.1计数器74161.......................................................................................................163.5开锁电路设计..................................................................................................................174．调试电路...................................................................................................................................184．1．调试要点.....................................................................................................................184．2电路调试........................................................................................................................18结论................................................................................................................................................19致谢................................................................................................................................................19参考文献.........................................................................................................................................20外文资料的中文译文.....................................................................................................................20附录................................................................................................................................................2511.前言1.1声控电子锁的应用与发展随着电子科学技术的发展，20世纪70年代，随着微电子技术的应用，出现了磁控锁、声控锁、超声波锁、红外线锁、电磁波锁、电子卡片锁、指纹锁、眼球锁、遥控锁等。这些锁具有机械结构所无法比拟的高保密性能。目前，锁还可在特定的系统中、按设定的逻辑关系实现系统的程序控制。1.2设计任务声控电子锁是利用掌声的节奏开锁，代码检测电路是系统的主要部分。是设计一个由掌声的节奏（序列脉冲）控制的电子锁，序列脉冲由4位0、1代码构成（代码可自行设定）。当掌声产生的序列脉冲包含有自行设定的代码1101，使电路输出一个高电平，推动执行机构动作把门打开。执行结果由LED发光二极管指示。输入一次开锁信号未将门打开，可重复三次，否则，启动音响报警电路并自锁。2.系统总体方案设计2.1方案比较方案一:图1.基于门电路原理框图传声器放大整形电路10秒单稳延时电路及脉冲产生电路计数器2计数器3计数器4计数器1计数器5138译码器非门与门开锁驱动电路开锁模拟指示电路报警器时钟脉冲指示电路计数器62方案原理：掌声通过传声器转化为电信号，此电信号为负相脉冲信号，为尖波。电信号通过放大整形电路转化为正脉冲信号。脉冲信号