2014年最新版Unit-2-Great-minds知识要点详解

欢迎走进乐雅文化咨询电话：36902540-1-Unit2Greatminds(1)Date:_______name:_______【知识要点】★必记单词mindn.聪明的人；富有才智的人astronomern.天文学家considerv.认为；觉得sensen.理解力；判断力invitationn.邀请pleasuren.乐事；快事avoidv.避免；避开trustv.信任；信赖obeyv.服从；遵守reducev.减少；缩小exactlyadv.精确的；准确的actionn.（故事、戏剧等的）情节★常考短语let...down使……失望byheart单凭记忆；能背诵takeaseat坐下withoutdifficulty轻而易举joinin参加；加入havenoidea丝毫不知道beintrouble处于困境playajokeonsb.和某人开玩笑★课文解析1.Listentoaradioprogrammeaboutsomegreatminds.mind在此用作可数名词，意为“聪明的人；富有才智的人”。【拓展】mind作名词，还可表示“头脑；大脑；智慧；心思”。常用短语：makeupone'smind下定决心；changeone'smind改变主意Haveyoumadeupyourmindtochangeyourmind?你下定决心要改变主意了吗？2.ManypeopleconsiderAlbertEinsteinagenius.consider及物动词，意为“认为；觉得”。considersb./sth.(as)sth.意为“认为某人/某物是……”。另外，consider后还可接that从句。Heconsidershimselfagreatman.他认为自己是一个了不起的人。Theywereconsideredasheroes.他们被认为是英雄。Heconsideredthatwecoulddotheworkwell.他认为我们能做好这项工作。Linglingisconsideredtobethetopstudent.玲玲被认为是优秀学生。【拓展】consider还可意为“考虑”，相当于thinkabout，其后可接名词、代词、动欢迎走进乐雅文化咨询电话：36902540-2-词-ing形式、从句或“疑问词+不定式”作宾语。You'dbetterconsidermysuggestion.你最好考虑一下我的建议。WeareconsideringgoingtoHainanfortheSpringFestival.我们在考虑赴海南过春节。Hehasneverconsideredhowtosolvetheproblem.他从未考虑过如何解决这个问题。2.Thisstoryabouthimshowsthathealsohadasenseofhumour.(1)sense可数名词，意为“理解力；判断力”，通常用单数。senseofhumour幽默感；senseofdirection方向感(2)humour不可数名词，意为“幽默”。Ilikesuchstoriesfullofhumour.我喜欢这些幽默的故事。【拓展】humorous形容词，意为“滑稽有趣的；有幽默感的”Hehasawidemouthandhumorouseyes.他有一张大大的嘴巴和一双滑稽的眼睛。3.Einsteinoftenreceivedinvitationstoexplainhistheoriesatdifferentunniversities.(1)receive及物动词，意为“得到，收到”。Ihavejustreceivedhisreply.我刚刚收到他的回信。辨析：receive与accept(2)invitation名词，意为“请柬；邀请”，后常接tosth.或todosth.Haveyoureceivedaninvitationtotheparty?你收到参加晚会的请柬了吗？MyfatherhadaninvitationtovisithisfriendinBeijing.【拓展】invite动词，意为“邀请”。常见用法有：①invitesb.to...邀请某人去（某地/某一活动）WeinvitedMissGaotoourparty.我们邀请高老师来参加我们的聚会。②invitesb.todosth.邀请某人做某事TheyhaveinvitedmetogotoShanghaiwiththem.他们邀请我和他们一同去上海。4.It'sapleasuretodriveageniuslikeyou.pleasure在此用作可数名词，意为“乐事；快事”。“It'sapleasuretodosth.”表示receive指客观上“收到”，也可用来表示“接待”和“遭受”。accept表示主观上“接受”某人、“承认或赞同”某一看法或理论。一言辨异Hereceivedagiftbuthedidn'tacceptit.他收到了一件礼物，但他没有接受。欢迎走进乐雅文化咨询电话：36902540-3-“做某事是一件乐事”。It'sapleasuretomeetyou.认识你很高兴。辨析：pleasure，pleasant与pleasedIt'sapleasuretohearfromyou.收到你的来信很高兴。Readingbringsmegreatpleasure.读书带给我很大的乐趣。Whatapleasanttrip!多么令人愉快的旅程啊！Themotherwereverypleasedwithhertwodaughters.母亲对两位女儿很满意。5.IwishIcouldavoidgivingmylecturetonight,Hans,butIdon'twanttoletmyaudiencedown.(1)avoid动词，意为“避免，避开”。avoiddoingsth.“避免做某事”。另外，avoid后还可接名词或代词作宾语，但不能接动词不定式作宾语。Wegotupearlytoavoidmissingtheearlybus.我们早起床，以避免错过早班车。Shetriedtoavoidalltheproblems.她尽量避开所有的麻烦。【拓展】在英语中，有些动词后只能接动名词作宾语，不能接动词不定式。常见的这类动词有finish,enjoy,mind,avoid,practise,miss,keep,suggest等。(2)lecture可数名词，意为“讲座；演讲”。givealecture意为“讲课；演讲”；attendalecture意为“听讲座”。Thescientistgavealecturetous.那位科学家给我们讲课了。DidyouattendthelectureonMarkTwain?你听了那个关于马克•吐温的讲座了吗？(3)letsb.down意为“使/令某人失望”Sheletusdownbadlyyesterday.昨天她让我们大失所望。6.Iknowwhattodo...whattodo为“疑问词+动词不定式”结构，在句中作动词know的宾语。“疑问词+动词不定式”结构可在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。Whentostartisaproblem.何时动身是个难题。Thepeasantstaughtushowtoplantrice.农民教我们怎样种稻子。pleasure可数名词“乐事；快事”不可数名词“高兴；快乐”，takepleasurein(doing)sth.意为“从(做)某事中获得乐趣”pleasant形容词“令人愉快的；宜人的”，通常修饰物pleased形容词“高兴的；愉快的”，主语一般是人。bepleasedwith“对……感到满意”；bepleasedtodosth.“乐于做某事”欢迎走进乐雅文化咨询电话：36902540-4-Thequestionwaswheretogo.问题是去哪里？7.I'velistenedtoyourlecturesomanytimesthatI'velearntitbyheart.so...that...意为“如此……以至于/以致……”，其中so是副词，用来修饰形容词或副词。常见结构有：①so+形容词/副词+that...Englishissoimportantthatwemustlearnitwell.英语是如此重要，我们必须学好它。②so+many/few+可数名词复数+that...IhavemadesomanymistakesthatIcan'tpasstheexam.③so+much/little(少)+不可数名词+that...IhavesolittlemoneywithmethatIcan'tbuyanything.8.Nowwe'reintrouble.(be)introuble意为“处于困境；倒霉”。Ifhecan'tfinishtheworkontime,hewillbeintrouble.Don'tlaughatpeopleintrouble.【拓展】①havetroublewith...在……方面有麻烦/问题MaybeyouwillhavetroublewithyourEnglish,butnevergiveup.②havetrouble(in)doingsth.做某事有困难Ihavesometroubleinreadingherletter.9.That'ssuchaneasyquestionthatevenmydrivercananswerit.such...that...意为“如此……以至于……”，与so...that...不同的是，such是形容词，用来修饰名词。常见结构有：(1)such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that...=so+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数+that...Heissuchacleverboythateveryonelikeshim.=Heissocleveraboythateveryonelikeshim.(2)such+形容词+可数名词复数+that...ThesearesuchdifficultmathsproblemsthatIcan'tworkthemout.(3)such+形容词+不可数名词+that...Thisissuchhardworkthatfewpeoplecanfinishitontime.10.……oneofthecleverestwomenintheworldoneofthecleverestwomen意为“最聪明的女人之一”，其结构为“oneof+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”，表示“最……之一”。Mozartisoneofthemostfamousmusiciansintheworld.欢迎走进乐雅文化咨询电话：36902540-5-11.四花费：spend&pay&take&costMyelderbrotherspendsalotofmoneyonbookseveryyear.Doyouusuallyspendallyourfreetime(in)studying?Howmuchdidyoupayforthefood?Ittakesusanhourtopractiseplayingbasketballeveryday.Theskirtcostme30yuan.12.I'llgiveyousomeadvice.advice为不可数名词，意为“建议；意见”。常用表达：a/onepieceofadvice一条建议；someadvice一些建议【拓展】①advice的常用搭配：givesb.someadvice/givesomeadvicetosb.给某人提一些建议askforadvice征求意见follow/takeone'sadvice接受某人的建议②advise动词，意为“建议”，后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语，也可用于advisesb.(not)todosth.结构，意为“