浅探运用Radiance模拟天然采光

20083191ZHAOMINGGONGCHENGXUEBAOMar.2008Vol119No11Radiance(,210093):RadianceRadiance,,,,,,Radiance:;;Radiance;TheAccurateSimulationofDaylightingUsingDesktopRadianceYouWeiWuWei(CollegeofArchitectureNanjingUniversity,Nanjing210093)AbstractRadiance,developedattheLawrenceBerkeleyLaboratory,isoneofthemostpowerfulsoftwareapplicationsforthecomputersimulationofarchitecturallighting.Ithasbeenwidelyadoptedbytheresearchcommunityandisalsousedextensivelyinthearchitecturaldesignandbuildingprofessional.However,Radiancehasasteeplearningcurveandcanpresentchallengestothenewuser.Tousethesoftware,adigitalmodelmustfirstbebuiltsuitableforcomputerdaylightingsimulation.Itisalsonecessarytosetalargenumberofrelevantparameters.Eventinydiscrepanciesherecanleadtosubstantialinaccuraciesinthesimulation.Errorscanbeamplifyingmanytimesover.WithRadiance,rubbishinyieldsrubbishoutandplentyofit.Inthispaper,theauthorsundertakeacomparisonofRadiancesimulationandon2sitedaylightingmeasurementsforarealbuildingtoinvestigatehowtoquicklylearntoaccuratelysimulateindoordaylightingusingtheDesktopRadiancesoftware.Keywords:daylighting;computerlightingsimulation;radiance;parametersetting(:50508015)1,,,,,[1,2],[3,4],,,,,,,70[5],,,Lumenmicro2000(LumenDesigner)[6],AGI32[7],Lightscape[8],Ecotect[9]Radiance(ADELINEDesktopRadiance)[10,11,12],,AGI32[13],Ecotect,[14],LightscapeDiscreet,AutodeskVIZ3Dmax,,[15];Radiance,[16,17],Radiance[18,19]Radiance,,,,,Radiance,Radiance2RadianceRadiance(LawrenceBerkeleyLaboratory)(theEcolePolytechniqueFederaledeLausanne),,1989,Radiance,(LBL),UNIX;(EPFL)ADELINE(AdvancedDaylightingandElectriclightingIntegratedNewEnviroment),MS-DOS,(LBL)(PacificGas&ElectricCompany)(CaliforniaInstituteforEnergyEfficiency)WindowsRadianceDesktopRadiance,RadianceAutoCAD(R14CAD2000),Radiance,:Version1102(2000)Version210Beta(2001)[20]DesktopRadiance,:Radiance,,DesktopRadiance;,Radiance,DesktopRadiance3,,:,,DesktopRadiance,10,5:200768,1110am12150pm,:12m15m,1()6220083613m,(1),3,,;(2),TES21332A,34,,,2012,,,34()72191:Radiance1(lux)11:4212:0512:3112:53(lx)11:4512:0712:3512:5613718351226182618579135412471542192187121651313810132116291722151915171632130213019711904759500427003450032900410219147997298633004790037100399004DesktopRadianceRadiance,DesktopRadiance[21,22,23]:;,,411,,,,,;,,,,,(30,24),,(),,(),,[24](57),7,DesktopRadiance[13],,567412DesktopRadiance,,(),,41211Radiance,8220083,DesktopRadiance,(MaterialsLibrary)(GlazingsLibrary),,DesktopRadiance,DesktopRadiance(MaterialEditor),DesktopRadianceRGB,PhotoshopRGB,,(clearglassLBNL),4231142,,,,3814%3411%234:R120G120B103:3814%:5%:25%:R106G89B79:3014%:5%:25%:R101G76B56:2619%:5%:25%:R120G120B103:3112%:5%:25%:83%:8%:5171mm:R123G110B81:3411%:10%:15%:R112G96B81:3214%:10%:15%:R100G93B85:3019%:10%:15%:R120G120B103:3112%:5%:25%:88%:8%:5171mm41212[9],DesktopRadianceGMT,010,GMT+8,,(GMT)2(yourtime)x15,:34(latitude34)110(longtitude2110)GMT+8(StandardMeridian2120)41213Radiance,,,5Radiance[9],DesktopRadiance,(AdvancedCalcuationParameter),92191:Radiance5RadianceParamDescriptionMinFastAccurMaxNotes-pspixelsamplingrate16841-ptsamplingthreshold1011501050-pjanti2aliasingjitter00160191A-djsourcejitter000171B-dssourcesubstructuring001501150102-dtdirectthresholding101501050C-dcdirectcertainty001250151-drdirectrelays0136-dpdirect2pretestdensity32645120C-sjspecularjitter00130171A-stspecularthreshold1018501150C-abambientbounces0028-aaambientaccuracy01501201150C-arambientresolution8321280C-adambientdivisions0325124096-asambientsuper2samples0322561024-lrlimitreflection04816-lwlimitweight01050101010020C,,LightingLightVariabilityGeometryGeometricDetailHigh(AmbientBouncesmkillumOption),(6),1247,,(AmbientBounces35mkillumOption23),,,6,,AmbientBounces4mkillumOption2ab341214,78DesktopRadiance,1m,8115%;1,45192%:89ISO,,,;,,,,,7803200838ISO9ISO5Radiance,,Radiance,,,,,Radiance,,,Radiance,RadianceDesktopRadiance,,,,,[1]P.G.Hopkinson,Petherbridge,andJ.Longmore.Dayghting,TheIESCode:Recommendationsforgoodinteriorlighting,Heinemann,IES,London,p407408,1966[2]BryanHJ.Dayghting,ASHRAEJournalp26,1990[3]RichardSmith,LightandHealth:ABroadOverview,Lightdesign+Application26,No.2p38,1986[4]OsteoporwsisandRelatedBoneDiseasesNationResourceCenter.nationalOsteoporwsisfoundation,Washington,D.C.:httpPP[5]SimonBensassonandKeithBurgess.Computerprogramsfordayligntinginbuildings:Anenluationofeightcomputerprogramsforpredictionofnaturallightinginbuildings,DesignofficeConsortiumEvalutionReportNo3,1978[6],,.,2007.4,p2022[7].:AGI322002,2002,p217224.[8]NyukHienWong.AgustinusDjokoIstiadjiEffectofexternalshadingdevicesondaylightingpenetrationinresidentialbuildingsLightingRes.Technol.36,4pp.317333,2004[9],..13191:Radiance,2003,2003[10]DHWLi,LauBEngAMIMechE,JCLamPredictingdaylightilluminancebycomputersimulationtechniquesLightingRes.Technol.36,2pp.113129,2004[11]Marie2ClaudeDubois.Shadingdevicesanddaylightquality:anevaluationbasedonsimpleperformanceindicatorsLightingRes.Technol.35,1(2003)pp.6176[12],,,..,2004.12,Vol.15,No14[13],.DialuxAgi32.,2005.9,Vol.16,No13[14].Ecotect