EPA 6010c-2007

200.7-1METHOD200.7DETERMINATIONOFMETALSANDTRACEELEMENTSINWATERANDWASTESBYINDUCTIVELYCOUPLEDPLASMA-ATOMICEMISSIONSPECTROMETRYRevision4.4EMMCVersionUSEPA-ICPUsersGroup(EditedbyT.D.MartinandJ.F.Kopp)-Method200.7,Revision1.0,(Printed1979,Published1982)T.D.MartinandE.R.Martin-Method200.7,Revision3.0(1990)T.D.Martin,C.A.Brockhoff,J.T.Creed,andS.E.Long(TechnologyApplicationsInc.)-Method200.7,Revision3.3(1991)T.D.Martin,C.A.Brockhoff,J.T.Creed,andEMMCMethodsWorkGroup-Method200.7,Revision4.4(1994)ENVIRONMENTALMONITORINGSYSTEMSLABORATORYOFFICEOFRESEARCHANDDEVELOPMENTU.S.ENVIRONMENTALPROTECTIONAGENCYCINCINNATI,OHIO45268200.7-2METHOD200.7DETERMINATIONOFMETALSANDTRACEELEMENTSINWATERANDWASTESBYINDUCTIVELYCOUPLEDPLASMA-ATOMICEMISSIONSPECTROMETRY1.0SCOPEANDAPPLICATION1.1Inductivelycoupledplasma-atomicemissionspectrometry(ICP-AES)isusedtodeterminemetalsandsomenonmetalsinsolution.Thismethodisaconsolidationofexistingmethodsforwater,wastewater,andsolidwastes.1-4(ForanalysisofpetroleumproductsseeReferences5and6,Section16.0)Thismethodisapplicabletothefollowinganalytes:AnalyteRegistryNumber(CASRN)ChemicalAbstractServicesAluminum(Al)7429-90-5Antimony(Sb)7440-36-0Arsenic(As)7440-38-2Barium(Ba)7440-39-3Beryllium(Be)7440-41-7Boron(B)7440-42-8Cadmium(Cd)7440-43-9Calcium(Ca)7440-70-2Cerium(Cr)7440-45-1aChromium(Cr)7440-47-3Cobalt(Co)7440-48-4Copper(Cu)7440-50-8Iron(Fe)7439-89-6Lead(Pb)7439-92-1Lithium(Li)7439-93-2Magnesium(Mg)7439-95-4Manganese(Mn)7439-96-5Mercury(Hg)7439-97-6Molybdenum(Mo)7439-98-7Nickel(Ni)7440-02-0Phosphorus(P)7723-14-0Potassium(K)7440-09-7Selenium(Se)7782-49-2Silica(SiO)7631-86-9bSilver(Ag)7440-22-42Ceriumhasbeenincludedasmethodanalyteforcorrectionofpotentialainterelementspectralinterference.Thismethodisnotsuitableforthedeterminationofsilicainsolids.bAnalyteRegistryNumber(CASRN)ChemicalAbstractServices200.7-3Sodium(Na)7440-23-5Strontium(Sr)7440-24-6Thallium(Tl)7440-28-0Tin(Sn)7440-31-5Titanium(Ti)7440-32-6Vanadium(V)7440-62-2Zinc(Zn)7440-66-61.2Forreferencewherethismethodisapprovedforuseincompliancemonitoringprograms[e.g.,CleanWaterAct(NPDES)orSafeDrinkingWaterAct(SDWA)]consultboththeappropriatesectionsoftheCodeofFederalRegulation(40CFRPart136Table1BforNPDES,andPart141§141.23fordrinkingwater),andthelatestFederalRegisterannouncements.1.3ICP-AEScanbeusedtodeterminedissolvedanalytesinaqueoussamplesaftersuitablefiltrationandacidpreservation.Toreducepotentialinterferences,dissolvedsolidsshouldbe0.2%(w/v)(Section4.2).1.4Withtheexceptionofsilver,wherethismethodisapprovedforthedeterminationofcertainmetalandmetalloidcontaminantsindrinkingwater,samplesmaybeanalyzeddirectlybypneumaticnebulizationwithoutaciddigestionifthesamplehasbeenproperlypreservedwithacidandhasturbidityof1NTUatthetimeofanalysis.Thistotalrecoverabledeterminationprocedureisreferredtoasdirectanalysis.However,inthedeterminationofsomeprimarydrinkingwatermetalcontaminants,preconcentrationofthesamplemayberequiredpriortoanalysisinordertomeetdrinkingwateracceptanceperformancecriteria(Sections11.2.2through11.2.7).1.5Forthedeterminationoftotalrecoverableanalytesinaqueousandsolidsamplesadigestion/extractionisrequiredpriortoanalysiswhentheelementsarenotinsolution(e.g.,soils,sludges,sedimentsandaqueoussamplesthatmaycontainparticulateandsuspendedsolids).Aqueoussamplescontainingsuspendedorparticulatematerial≥1%(w/v)shouldbeextractedasasolidtypesample.1.6Whendeterminingboronandsilicainaqueoussamples,onlyplastic,PTFEorquartzlabwareshouldbeusedfromtimeofsamplecollectiontocompletionofanalysis.ForaccuratedeterminationofboroninsolidsamplesonlyquartzorPTFEbeakersshouldbeusedduringacidextractionwithimmediatetransferofanextractaliquottoaplasticcentrifugetubefollowingdilutionoftheextracttovolume.Whenpossible,borosilicateglassshouldbeavoidedtopreventcontaminationoftheseanalytes.200.7-41.7Silverisonlyslightlysolubleinthepresenceofchlorideunlessthereisasufficientchlorideconcentrationtoformthesolublechloridecomplex.Therefore,lowrecoveriesofsilvermayoccurinsamples,fortifiedsamplematricesandevenfortifiedblanksifdeterminedasadissolvedanalyteorbydirectanalysiswherethesamplehasnotbeenprocessedusingthetotalrecoverablemixedaciddigestion.Forthisreasonitisrecommendedthatsamplesbedigestedpriortothedeterminationofsilver.Thetotalrecoverablesampledigestionproceduregiveninthismethodissuitableforthedeterminationofsilverinaqueoussamplescontainingconcentrationsupto0.1mg/L.Fortheanalysisofwastewatersamplescontaininghigherconcentrationsofsilver,succeedingsmallervolume,wellmixedaliquotsshouldbeprepareduntiltheanalysissolutioncontains0.1mg/Lsilver.Theextractionofsolidsamplescontainingconcentrationsofsilver50mg/kgshouldbetreatedinasimilarmanner.Also,theextractionoftinfromsolidsamplesshouldbepreparedagainusingaliquots1gwhendeterminedsampleconcentrationsexceed1%.1.8Thetotalrecoverablesampledigestionproceduregiveninthismethodwillsolubilizeandholdinsolutiononlyminimalconcentrationsofbariuminthepresenceoffreesulfate.Fortheanalysisofbariuminsampleshavingvaryingandunknownconcentrationsofsulfate,analysisshould