欧洲文化入门复习资料

1PartIDirections:Readthefollowingunfinishedstatementsorquestionscarefully.Foreachunfinishedstatementorquestion,foursuggestedanswersmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D]aregiven.ChoosetheonewhichbestcompletesthestatementoranswersthequestionbyblackeningthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEET.******1******1._________believedthatthehighestgoodinlifewaspleasure,freedomfrompainandemotionalupheaval.A.SophistsB.CynicsC.SkepticsD.Epicureans2._________issaidtohavetoldthekingofSyracuse:Givemeaplacetostand,andIwillmovetheworld.A.ArchimedesB.AristotleC.PlatoD.Euclid3.IncreasinglytroubledbytheinroadsofnorthemtribessuchasGoths,theWestRomanEmpirefinallycollapsedin_________A.395B.27C.1453D.4764.TheCityofGodwaswrittenby________,themostimportantofalltheleadersofChristianthought.A.JesusB.AugustineC.ThomasAquinasD.MartinLuther5._________wasapainter,asculptor,anarchitect,amusician,anengineer,andascientist-----aRenaissancemaninthetruesenseoftheword.A.MichelangeloB.RaphaelC.ShakespeareD.LeonardoDaVinci6.In_______,Cervantessatirizedaverypopulartypeofliteratureatthetime,theromanceofchivalry.A.DonQuixoteB.HamletC.LeviathanD.TheLifeandSurprisingAdventuresofRobinsonCrusoe7.Thebest-knownbookwrittenbyThomasMoreis________,whichdescribesanidealnon-Christianstatewhereeverybodylivesasimplelifeandsharesthegoodsincommon,possessesagoodknowledgeofLatin,fightsnowarandenjoysfullfreedominreligiousbelief.A.ThePraiseoftheFollyB.AsYouLikeItC.DivineComedyD.Utopia8.________,authorofPrince,isregardedasfatherofpoliticalscienceintheWest.A.MachiavelliB.DanteC.BaconD.Locke9.InTheRevolutionofHeavenlyOrbs,________putforwardhistheorythatthesun,nottheearth,isthecenteroftheuniverse.A.KeplerB.GalileoC.NewtonD.Copernicus10.Duringthe_________century,themodernscientificmethodbegantotakeshape,whichemphasizedobservationandexperimentationbeforeformulatingafinalexplanationorgeneralization.A.18thB.15thC.16thD.17th11._______said,Knowledgeispower.A..IsaacNewtonB.FrancisBaconC.JohnLockeD.Marx12.InFaust,_______drewonanimmensevarietyofculturalmaterial----theological,mythological,philosophical,political,economic,scientific,aesthetic,musical,andliterary.A.GoetheB.DefoeC.RousseauD.Byron13.Whichofthefollowingisnotregardedasaromanticwriter?A.WordsworthB.ShelleyC.PushkinD.Balzac14.ThemostfrequentthemesofRomanticismincludeallofthefollowingexcept_________.A.thepowerofreasonB.individualfreedomC.spontaneityD.loveofnature15.Ifwintercomes,canSpringbefarbehind?istheendinglineofOdetotheWestWindby________.A.WordsworthB.Keats2C.PushkinD.Shelley16.ThecomposerofSwanLakewas____,ageniusinsymphonicmusic.A.TchaikovskyB.ChopinC.BeethovenD.Mozart17.ThenaturalistschoolfoundedbyZolainlate19thcenturyintended________.A.toattacktheindustrialinjusticeandurbanevilsB.togivefullplaytotheimaginationofindividualsC.toupholdtheclassicalvaluessuchasharmony,balance,proportionandretraintD.todemonstratethelawofhumanconductbyascientificstudyofasliceoflife18.WhichofthefollowingnovelswasnotwrittenbyTolstoy?A.ResurrectionB.WarandPeaceC.CrimeandPunishmentD.AnnaKarenina19.Inhispoems,WaltWhitmansangpraisesofallofthefollowingvalueexcept________.A.democracyB.thedignityoftheindividualC.theidyllicwayoflifeD.thebrotherhoodofman20.Modernismwascharacterizedby________.A.aconsciousrejectionofestablishedrules,traditionsandconventionsB.theexplorationoftheinnerlifeoftheindividualandthepsychopathologyofhumanrelationsC.itsintenseinterestinthebizarre,themysterious,theunpredictableandtheformlessD.alloftheabove.******2******1.Greekculturereachedahighpointofdevelopmentin_________.A.1,200B.C.B.5thcenturyB.C.C.4thcenturyB.C.D.146B.C.2.ThemasterpieceofengineeringinRomanarchitectureis_________.A.thePathenonB.theColossseumC.She-wolfD.theIonicstyleoftemple3.TheOldTestamentoftheBibleisabout_________.A.GodB.thedoctrineofJesusChristC.theLawsofGodD.AandC4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.JesuswasborninGalilee.B.Jesuswasborninasynagogue.C.Jesuswasbornintoapoorcarpenter’sfamily.D.Jesuswasbornintoamerchant’sfamily.5.FeudalisminEuropewasmainlyasystemof_________.A.militaryserviceB.landholdingC.governmentD.BandC6.WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueabouttheGothicstyleinarchitecture?A.TheGothicstyleflourishedinthe18thcentury.B.TheGothicstylestartedinFrance.C.SculptureofGothicstylechurcheswerebasedonthenaturalforces.D.Gothicstylechurchesweresolidbutsmall.7.Renaissancemeanstherevivalofinterestin_________.A.ancientGreekcultureB.ancientRomancultureC.theBibleD.AandB8.ThereasonsforthedeclineofrenaissanceinItalyare_________.A.warsandclassconflictsB.lossofsupremacyinworldtradeasaresultofthediscoveryofthenewworldandroutestoIndiaC.thetighteningofcontroloftheRomanCatholicChurchoverthought,speechandpublicationD.alloftheabove9.Whichofthefollowingdiedaprisoner?A.CopernicusB.NewtonC.KeplerD.Galileo10.Thetheoryofthesocialcontractwasexpoundedby_________.A.ThomasHobbesB.FrancisBacon3C.JohnLockeD.AandC11.Ineconomicthought,theenlightenmentthinkersfavored_________.A.governmentinterventionB.balanceddevelopmentC.thepolicyoflaissezfaireD.strictregulation12.TheauthorofTheSorrowsofYoungWertheri