英美短篇小-说Unit-13--Young-Goodman-Brown

Unit13:YoungGoodmanBrown(NathanielHawthorne，1804-1864)outlineAbouttheauthorImportantworksWarmupquestionsBackgroundInformationPlotsummaryAnalysisCriticalresponseandimpactSymbolsandimagesAbouttheauthor--NathanielHawthorne(1804-1864)Bornin1804inSalem,MassachusettsWritingcentersonNewEnglandMoralAllegorieswithaPuritaninspirationFictionalWorksareconsideredpartoftheRomanticMovements,ormorespecifically,DarkRomanticism.InherentEvilandSinofhumanity.BelieveinDeterminism,atheoryofPredestination.FAMILYHISTORY“Great-greatgrandfather,WilliamHathorne,orderedthewhippingofAnneColemanandfourothersinthestreetofSalem.Greatgrandfather,JohnHathorne,wasthemagistratepresidingoverthetrialoftheaccusedwitchesofSalemin1692.IMPORTANTWORKSShortStories:Twice-ToldTales(1828)MossesfromanOldManse(1846)Novels:Fanshawe(1828)*TheScarletLetter(1850)Biography:TheLifeofFranklinPierce(1852)Warming-upQuestions:1.WhatdoyouknowaboutHawthorne?2.Istheresinorgoodnesswhenoneisborn?3.Istheresinineveryone’sheart?4.Doyouhaveyourownfaith?Whatdoyouthinkistheuseofaperson’sfaithinhislife?5.Whatdoyoulikethestory“YoungGoodmanBrown”?Whatisitabout?PlotsummaryThestorybeginsatduskinSalemVillage,MassachusettsasyoungGoodmanBrownleavesFaith,hiswifeofthreemonths,forsomeunknownerrandintheforest.Faithpleadswithherhusbandtostaywithher,butheinsiststhatthejourneymustbecompletedthatnight.Intheforesthemeetsanolderman,dressedinasimilarmannerandbearingaphysicalresemblancetohimself.Themancarriesablackserpent-shapedstaff.ThetwoencounterGoodyCloyse,anolderwoman,whomYoungGoodmanhadknownasaboyandwhohadtaughthimcatechism,inthewoods.Shecomplainsabouttheneedtowalkand,evidentlyfriendlywiththestranger,acceptshissnakestaffandfliesawaytoherdestination.Othertownspeopleinhabitthewoodsthatnight,travelinginthesamedirectionasGoodmanBrown.Whenhehearshiswife'svoiceinthetrees,hecallsoutbutisnotanswered.Hethenseemstoflythroughtheforest,usingamaplestaffthestrangerfashionedforhim,arrivingataclearingatmidnighttofindallthetownspeopleassembled.Attheceremonycarriedoutataflame-litrockyaltar,thenewestacolytesarebroughtforth—GoodmanBrownandFaith.Theyaretheonlytwoofthetownspeoplenotyetinitiated.GoodmanBrowncallstoheaventoresistandinstantlythescenevanishes.ArrivingbackathishomeinSalemthenextmorning,GoodmanBrownisuncertainwhetherthepreviousnight'seventswererealoradream,butheisdeeplyshaken,andhisbeliefhelivesinaChristiancommunityisdistorted.Heloseshisfaithinhiswife,alongwithallofhumanity.Heliveshislifeanembitteredandsuspiciouscynic,waryofeveryonearoundhim.Thestoryconcludes:Andwhenhehadlivedlong,andwasbornetohisgrave...theycarvednohopefulverseuponhistombstone,forhisdyinghourwasgloom.AnalysisThstorycouldbedividedintothreeparts.ThefirstpartshowsGoodmanBrownathishomeinhisvillageintegratedinhissociety.Thesecondpartofthestoryisanextendeddreamlike/nightmaresequenceintheforestforasinglenight.Thethirdpartshowshisreturntosocietyandtohishome,yetheissoprofoundlychangedthatinrejectingthegreetingofhiswifeFaith,HawthorneshowsGoodmanBrownhaslostfaithandrejectedthetenetsofhisPuritanworldduringthecourseofthenight.AnalysisYoungGoodmanBrownisoftencharacterizedasanallegoryabouttherecognitionofevilanddepravityasthenatureofhumanity.MuchofHawthorne'sfiction,suchasTheScarletLetter,issetin17th-centurycolonialAmerica,particularlySalemVillage.Toconveythesetting,heusedliterarytechniquessuchasspecificdiction,orcolloquialexpressions.Languageoftheperiodisusedtoenhancethesetting.Hawthornegivesthecharactersspecificnamesthatdepictabstractpureandwholesomebeliefs,suchasYoungGoodmanBrownandFaith.Thecharacters'namesultimatelyserveasaparadoxintheconclusionofthestory.Theinclusionofthistechniquewastoprovideadefinitecontrastandirony.HawthorneaimstocritiquetheidealsofPuritansocietyandexpresshisdisdainforit,thusillustratingthedifferencebetweentheappearanceofthoseinsocietyandtheirtrueidentities.CriticalresponseandimpactHermanMelville:YoungGoodmanBrownwasasdeepasDanteHenryJamescalleditamagnificentlittleromance.EdgarAllanPoereferstoHawthorne'sshortstoriesastheproductsofatrulyimaginativeintellect.ModernscholarsandcriticsgenerallyviewtheshortstoryasanallegoricaltalewrittentoexposethecontradictionsinplaceconcerningPuritanbeliefsandsocieties.OtherinterpretationsofthetextincludingthosewhobelieveHawthornesympathizeswithPuritanbeliefs.StephenKinghasreferredtothestoryasoneofthetenbeststorieswrittenbyanAmerican.HecallsithisfavoritestorybyHawthorneandcitesitasaninspirationforhisO.HenryAward-winningshortstory,TheManintheBlackSuit.Criticalresponseandimpact纳撒尼尔·霍桑是美国十九世纪著名的浪漫主义作家。他一生致力于对人性的探索、挖掘与展示。他的创作思想是清教思想意识、超验主义哲学和神秘主义影响的结合。这种结合以及他所处的特定的文学历史时期决定了他在艺术描写中必然会超越具体的客观事物,深入幽渺莫测、难以名状、无法理清的内心世界,从而采用一种象征的、模糊的表现手法。他的著名短篇小说《小伙子古德蒙·布朗)}(YoungGoodmanBorwn,以下简称《布朗)))就是这样一篇将深刻的主题思想与巧妙的表现手法结合在一起的佳作。这篇佳作以梦幻般的森林之旅向.我们展现了霍桑对人类罪恶本性和人类成长经历的哲学阐释。Answerthequestionswhilereading:1.Atthebeginning,whatisBrowngoingtodo?2.whatistheoldmanBrownmetontheway?3.whatistheoldladyBrownmetontheway?4.Howdoyouinterpret“MyFaithisgone.”(p.87)?5.Canyoufindthethemeofthestoryo