宾语从句和表语从句

Weknowhim．WeknowhelikesEnglish.主s主s谓v谓v宾o宾o主s谓v宾o简单句复合句TheObjectiveClause宾语从句1)Iknowthathewillcome.2)Iwonderwhether/ifsherememberedmybirthday.4)Itdependsonwhethertheywillsupportus.5)Hedoesn’tcarewhattheheadmastersaid.6)Pleasetellmewhenhecamebackfromthesouth.7)WillyoutellmehowIcankeepfitandhealthy?8)Heaskedwhosebookitbelongedto.1)Iknowthathewillcome.2)Iwonderwhether/ifsherememberedmybirthday.4)Itdependsonwhethertheywillsupportus.5)Hedoesn’tcarewhattheheadmastersaid.6)Pleasetellmewhenhecamebackfromthesouth.7)WillyoutellmehowIcankeepfitandhealthy?8)Heaskedwhosebookitbelongedto.1.什么是宾语从句？2.哪些词性后常接宾语从句？3.引导宾语从句的连接词有哪些？Questions1、在复合句中充当宾语的句子叫宾语从句。2、宾语从句常放在及物动词和介词之后。3、宾语从句的语序---陈述语序（主语+谓语）从属连词that,whether,if连接代词who,whom,whose,which,what,whoever,whatever等连接副词where,how,why,when等4、连接词有：从属连词that引导的宾语从句注1：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语和非正式文体中常省略。我听说他一小时后回来。Ihear(that)hewillbebackinanhour.是不是所有的that都能省略？从属连词that引导的宾语从句注2：如果宾语从句太长，可以用it做形式宾语，将真正的宾语放于句末,连接词that不能省略。1.Wethinkthatmiddleschoolstudentsmasteroneforeignlanguagepossible.(改用形式宾语it)2.Wehavemadethataforeignlanguageisusefulweaponinthestruggleoflifeclear.(改用形式宾语it)3.我认为学好英语是非常必要的。consider,find,think,feel,make,believe等动词常带宾语补足语,用it做形式宾语,宾语从句放到宾补之后有从属连词that引导的宾语从句注3：当主句的谓语动词是think,believe,suppose,expect等引导否定含义的宾从时，要把否定结构移到上述动词上来。我认为你是不对的。Idon’tthinkyouareright.Idon’tbelievetheywillcomehere.从属连词if,whether引导的宾语从句注1：whether,if有“是否”的含义，在从句也不充当成分。老师问我们是否准备好了期末考试。Theteacheraskedusif/whetherwearereadyforthefinalexamination.Idoubtwhetherhewillbeagainsttheidea.1.Idoubtif/whetherhewillpasstheexam.2.Idon’tdoubtthatwewillwinthematch.3.Doyoudoubtthathediditonhisown?doubt肯定句中用if/whether否定句中用that疑定句中用that1.Idoubt_________heistellingthetruth.2.Weneverdoubt_________theplanwillbecarriedout.3.Doeshedoubt_________youarefromAustria?4.I’mdoubtful_________hewillagreetothis.if/whetherthatthatif/whether从属连词if,whether引导的宾语从句a.引导宾语从句时whether与if可以互换:Sheaskedmewhether/iftheteacherwouldleave.e.引导表语从句、同位语从句时只能用whether引导；ThequestionwaswhetherTomhasgonetoShanghai.Theissuewhetherhewillcometomorrowisunderdiscussion.d.位于句首引导主语从句只能用whether；Whethertheywillcomeisunknown.b.作介词的宾语或同不定式连用时只能用whether；Italldependsonwhethertheywillhelpus.Idon’tknowwhethertogo.c.和or(not)连在一起时只能用whether引导；Themealwillbereadyforherwhethershecomesornot.连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句注：连接代词what,which,who等在从句中可充当主语，表语，宾语等；连接副词when,where,how等在从句中可充当状语。1.Ididn’thear______hewantedmetodo.2.MsXiaoaskedwhocouldanswerthequestion.3.Hewantstoknowwhom/whotheyarewaitingfor?4.HeaskedmewhyIwaslateforclassthismorning?5.Heaskedwhosewritingwasthebestintheclass?whatIdidn’thearthenews__________hewantedmetoknow.that/which1.Hedoesn’tdoubt____shecanpasstheexam.2.–Couldyoudomeafavor?--Itdepends_____itis.3.Wehaven’tsettledthequestionof______itisnecessaryforhimtostudyabroad.4.Doyouknow_____Tomisgettingwithhisneighbors?thathowwhetherwhatthatwhatwhetherhow5、时态与语序：HeaskedWhyareyousohappy?Whyyouweresohappy?AmItallerthanyou?if/whetherHeaskedHetallerthanthem.was宾语从句的时态与语序2)主句用现在时时,从句可根据需要选用各种时态3)主句为过去时,从句用相对应的过去时态IthinkthattheGreen’shaveleftforHawaii.Iwanttoknowif/whetherhewillgosurfingthisafternoon.1）宾语从句的语序为陈述语序MayIaskwhatyouaredoinginthiscountryandwhatyourplansare?1.Tomsaid.Heisreadingabook.→2.Whoboughtthepen?Hewondered.→3.Whereisthehospital?Hetoldme.→4.Heasksme.Aretheyplayingagame?→Tomsaidthathewasreadingabook.Heasksmeif/whethertheyareplayingagame.HetoldmewheretheHospitalwas.Hewonderedwhohadboughtthepen.YesterdayTomsaidthattheearthgoesroundthesun.注意：如从句表示客观真理,可用现在时ThePredicativeClause表语从句1.Herquestionwasthatshehasnotimetolookafterherdaughter.2.Thequestioniswhethertheboywillturnupintime.3.Tomisnolongerwhatheusedtobe.4.ThatiswhereIcan’tagreewithyou.1.Herquestionwasthatshehasnotimetolookafterherdaughter.2.Thequestioniswhethertheboywillturnupintime.3.Tomisnolongerwhatheusedtobe.4.ThatiswhereIcan’tagreewithyou.1.什么是表语从句？2.引导表语从句的连接词有哪些？3.哪些词性后常接表语从句？Questions表语从句从句在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连系动词之后.作用：对主语进行解释说明。连接词：that/whether（if不引导表语从句，that不省)连接代词：who/whom/whose/which/what(充当主语,宾语,定语,表语，有自己的词义.)连接副词：when/where/why/how/because(有词义，充当时间,地点,方式,原因状语.)1.that仅起连接作用，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，通常不可省略。这种从句往往是对主句主语的内容起进一步解释的作用。e.g.Thechanceisthatonesmokerinfourwilldiefromsmoking.2.whether引导的表语从句连接词whether起连接作用，意为“是否、究竟、到底”（注意：if不能引导表语从句)在句中也不作任何成分。e.g.Thequestioniswhetherthatmanwillturnupintime3.where,when,why,how引导的表语从句连接副词where,when,why,how除在句中起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式、原因状语，本身具有词义。e.g.That’swhereIcan’tagreewithyou.ThisiswhySarawaslateforthemeeting.Thisishowtheyovercomethedifficulties.MystrongestmemoryiswhenIattendedanAmericanwedding.注意下列表语从句中where,how,why的译法1.ThisiswhereLuXunoncelived.2.Thatwashowtheywonthematch.3.Thisiswhyshegotupsoearlythismorning.这就是鲁迅曾经住过的地方.他们就是这样赢得这场比赛的.这就是她为什么今天早上起得这么早的原因.1.我们就是这样克服困难的.2.那就是他昨天缺席的原因.3.这就是我们上星期碰头的地方.Thisis/Thatwashowweovercamethedifficulties.Thatiswhyhewasabsentyesterday.ThisiswherewemetlastSunday.Thisiswhere…Thisishow…Thisiswhy….这就是…的地方这就是…的方法这就是…的原因4.Whatwhowhich等引导的表语从句连接代词：who/whom/whose/which/what(充当主语,宾语,定语,表语，有自己的词义.)e.g.That’swhathecoulddoattheageof6.Tomiswhomyoucanturnto