中考状语从句讲解

状语从句表示时间、地点、原因、目的…Wesleepatnightathome.必须符合“从句的三个必须”必须是句子；必须有连接词；必须是陈述句用一个句子充当状语成分，那个句子就是状语从句。定义•状语从句状语从句同副词，介词词组等作状语一样，用于修饰谓语，说明谓语动作的时间，地点，方式，条件，程度，比较，原因，目的，结果等。1.Igetupat6:00.2.Itisdark.3.Igetupwhenitisdark.状语从句状语从句的知识储备时间状语从句的五种类型状语从句的考点与历年真题状语从句的类别第一部分：知识储备时间状语从句是关键其他状语从句重点记忆连接词第二部分：状语从句的类别1.表示时间2.表示地点3.表示原因4.表示结果5.表示目的6.表示条件7.表示让步8.表示比较9.表示方式一、时间状语从句•When,as,while•since•before,after•till,until•assoonas,themoment/minute,nosooner...than,hardly...when•theday那时,theyear那年,thefirsttime,eachtime,anytime,bythetime到….（名词性短语）•Every/EachtimeIheldtheboatandcarvedtheyear,mygrandfatherseemdenear.•Bythetimehewas17,hehadbeentoalmost20contriestogethisdiseasecured.since1.引导状语从句时，主句用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，从句中用一般过去时。•I’vebeenlivingheresinceIcametoBeijing.•IhavereturnedhomefourtimessinceIcamehere.2.常用句型：•Itis(hasbeen)…+since+一般过去时•ItisfiveyearssinceIbegantolearnEnglish.until,till•肯定句:主句谓语动词为延续性动词Let’swaittill/untiltherainstops.•否定句:主句谓语动词为非延续性动词Shedidn’tcomebackuntilthismorning.•notuntil放在句首的倒装句Hedidn’tstopuntilhehadfinishedallhiswork.Notuntilhehadfinishedallhisworkdidhestop.倒装主句，倒装主句，倒装主句•把nosooner,hardly置于句首，它所连带的这部分就要倒装，如：•Shehadnosoonerheardthenewsthanshefainted.•Nosoonerhadsheheardthenewsthanshefainted.Shehadhardlyheardthenewswhenshefainted.Hardlyhadsheheardthenewswhenshefainted.二、地点状语从句wherewherever1.Weshallgowherepeoplearekind.2.Juststaywhereyouare.3.Wereceivedawarmwelcomeeverywherewearrived.我们每到一个地方都受到了热烈的欢迎。Thereareplentyoftrees____________.我住的地方树很多。_____________Iwillbethinkingofyou.不管我在哪里我都会想到你。____________________________,Iwillberightherewaitingforyou!不管你去哪里，不管你做什么，我都会在这等着你！whereIliveWhereverIamWhereveryougo,whateveryoudo三、原因状语从句•because，since，as，for•now（that），inthat，forthereasonthat，seeing(that)等•Since/Nowthat/Seeingherefusedtohelpus,thereisnoreasonwhyweshouldhelphimnow.because:语气最强，回答why提出的问题，表示的是直接的因果关系，可与强调词only，merely，just，not连用。Whyareyoulate?Becausethereisatrafficjam.Hewaspunishedonlybecausehebrokethelaw.since:“既然…..”对方已知的事实或理由，常放在句首。Sinceyouhaven’tgotenoughmoneywithyounow,youcancomeandbuyitnexttime.because,since,as,foras“由于…...”语气较弱，较口语化，表明显的原因或已知的事实，常放在句首。Ashehadbeenreadyfortheworst,hewasnotdisappointedattheresult.for，并列连词，连接的是两个并列的分句，其他三个是引导状语从句的从属连词。Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.for不能放在句首，for不能放在句首，for不能放在句首•Heisabsenttodaybecausehewasill.•Asitissnowing，weshallnotgoout.•Youcouldn’tseehim,forhewasn’tthere.•Sinceyouareill,Iwillgoalone.because,as,since,for•语气位置意义because最强前或后“原因”；表客观因果关系since较弱前“既然”；就对方陈述的事实作为理由as较强前“由于”；把众人所知的事实当作理由for最弱后“理由”；对某一事实进行推断的理由四、结果状语从句sothat,so…that,such…that•sothat“以便”、“结果”表目的和结果。注意：在从句中有情态动词表目的，无情态动词表结果。so…that“如此的…以致于”表结果。1.so+形／副＋that...2.so+形＋a(an)＋单数名词＋that...3.so＋many/few/much/little＋相应名词+that...such…that“如此的…以致于”表结果。1.such＋a(an)＋形＋名词＋that...2.such＋形＋可数名词复数／不可数名词＋that...so＋many/few/much/little＋相应名词+that...比较：somany/fewflowers→suchniceflowerssomuch/littlemoney→suchrapidprogresssomanypeople→suchalotofpeopleThereweresomanypeopleinthebusthatIcouldhardlymove.SheputsomuchbutterandsugarinthecakethatIdidn’tdaretoeattoomuch.Hemadesomanymistakesthathefailedtheexamonceagain.1.Hewas____angrythathelefttheroomwithoutaword.2.Itis______heavyboxthatnobodycanmoveit.3.Theboxis___heavythatnobodycanmoveit.4.Thiswas____finemusicthatitwasworthlisteningtotwice.5.Ididn’tgoearly,______Ididn’tgetaseat.6.Hegot____littlemoneythathisfamilyhadtoliveonwelfaremoney.sosuchasosothatsuchso7.Mikeis_______anhonestworkerthatweallbelievehim.=Mikeis_______honestaworkerthatWeallbelievehim.8.Itis_______fineweatherthatweallwanttogotothepark.9.Heearned____littlemoneythathecouldn’tsupporthisfamily.10.Itisnotsurprisingthat_____littlewormseat_____littlegrain.suchsosuchsosuchso五、目的状语从句•sothat•inorderthat•incase•目的状语从句常常含有情态动词。•Theyarehurryingsothat/inorderthattheymaynotmissthetrain.•Heworkshardinorderthat/sothathecanservehiscountrywell.六、条件状语从句•if，ifonly（if的强调式）•unless(=ifnot)•aslongas，solongas•once(一旦)1.AslongasIlive,Ishallworkhard.2.Youcan’tlearnitwellunlessyouworkhard.3.Ifyouwanttoknow,Icantellyou.4.Onceenvironmentaldamageisdone,ittakesmanyyearsfortheecosystemtorecover.注意：有时可以把祈使句作为条件从句，祈使句后面要搭配and/or/otherwise，如：Givehimaninchandhe’lltakeamile.(=Ifyougivehimaninch,he’lltakeamile.)当表示否定的条件时，用连词or/otherwise，如：Startatonce,or/otherwiseyou’llmissthetrain.(=Ifyoudon’tstartatonce,…)七、让步状语从句though,although,as•though,although在句首表“尽管”两者都可以用。但句后不能再用but。下列情况只能用though：▲asthough(=asif);eventhough(=evenif)▲在句末表示“然而”as和though表示“尽管”，从句的表语、状语等成分要倒装。•Iwon’tmindevenif(though)hedoesn’tcome.•Eevethoughthelearningisslowandpainful,theresultiswonderful.•Thoughitwascold,shewentoutwithoutanovercoat.•Youngas/thoughheis,heknowsalot.Though/Althoughheisahero,heisstillhumble.Heroasheis,heisstillhumble.nNote:Articlesareremovedwhenanounisputaheadofthesentence.whatever,however,wherever,whenever•既可以引导名词性从句，还可以引导让步状语从句。•引导让步状语从句时，分别等于：nomatterwhat,nomatterhownomatterwhere,nomatterwhenNomatterwho/whoevercomeshere,Iwillnotlethimin.Youcantakewhateveryoulike.1.1)____wegavehimsomethingtoeat,hewouldsaveitforhislittlesister.2)____wegavehimtoeat,hewouldsa