《最新英美概况》练习参考答案解析[美国部分]

WORD格式整理版学习指导参考《最新英美概况》练习参考答案（本答案不包括练习中的开放性习题、思考题和讨论题）====================================================PARTTWOTheUnitedStatesChapterEightTheLandP.209—210IFillintheblankswithproperwordsorexpressions.1.theStar-SpangledBanner,DefenseofFortMcHenry,1812.2.theStarsandtheStripes,OldGlory,theStar-SpangledBanner.3.TheWhiteHouse,TheCapitol,ThePentagon.4.June,14th,June14th.5.thePotomac,nostate,theFederalgovernment.6.36,36states.7.AmerigoVespucci,AmericanWarofIndependence.8.PierreL’Enfant,light,service.IIChoosetheanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.1.C2.D3.C4.ABCD5.CDIIIDecidewhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE:1.F2.F3.T4.F5.TIVAnswerthefollowingquestions.1.(1)AtfirsttheContinentwasnamedas“America”afterexplorerAmerigoVespucci.(2)DuringtheAmericanWarofIndependence,theformerBritishcoloniesfirstused“thethirteenunitedStatesofAmerica”intheDeclarationofIndependence.(3)TheofficialnameofAmericawasadoptedonNovember15,1777,whentheSecondContinentalCongresspassedtheArticlesofConfederation.2.The50starsrepresentthe50States,whilethe13stripesrepresenttheoriginalthirteencolonies.Whiteindicatespurityandinnocence;redindicatesvalourandbravery,andbluesymbolizesvigilance,perseveranceandjustice;itisalsoasymbolofrespecttoGod.WORD格式整理版学习指导参考3.Thestarsandstripshavedifferentmeanings.EachstarrepresentseachstateinAmerica,whilestripsrepresenttheoriginalthirteencoloniesbeforetheindependenceofAmerica.4.(1)Thelyricsofthenationalanthemcomefrom“DefenseofFortMcHenry”,apoemwrittenduringtheWarof1812.ThepoemwassettothetuneofapopularBritishdrinkingsong,“TheAnacreonticSong”(or“ToAnacreoninHeaven”).(2)TheStar-SpangledBannerwasusedofficiallybytheNavyin1889,andwasmadethenationalanthembycongressonMarch3,1931,whichwassignedbyPresidentHerbertHoover.5.TheWhiteHousewasbuiltin1792anditsoriginalcolorwasgrey.DuringtheWarof1812,itwasbadlydamagedbytheBritishtroops,andin1814itwasrepaintedwhite.PresidentRooseveltnamedit“WhiteHouse”inthe1940s.P.213IFillintheblankswithproperwordsorexpressions.1.thecentralpartof,MexicoandGulfofMexico,east,west.2.48,Hawaii,Alaska.3.theRioGrande,Pacific.4.9,629,091,thethird,Canada.5.Alaska,Texas.6.Arctic,glaciers.IIDecidewhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE:1.T2.T3.T4.F5.FIIIAnswerthefollowingquestions.1.(1)TheAtlanticcoast,thePacificcoastandHawaiiprovideconvenientsearoutesforforeigntrade.(2)Thelongcoastlinewithmanyharborsandinletsprovidesfavorableconditionsforforeigntradeandthefishingindustry.(3)MainlandAmerica,mainlywithinthenortherntemperatezone,isfavorableforagriculture.2.TheU.S.andCanadasharethe“world'slongestundefendedborder.”TheborderwasdemilitarizedaftertheWarof1812andhasremainedpeaceful.MilitarycollaborationbeganduringWorldWarIIandcontinuedthroughouttheColdWaronbothabilateralbasisandamultilateralrelationshipthroughNATO.BothcountriesareNATOmembersandhavehighmilitaryinterdependency,inWORD格式整理版学习指导参考particular,duringtheColdWaragainstSovietthreat.TodayCanadiansandAmericansareincloseculturalproximity,sharingthesamelanguage,similarreligionandpoliticalsystemsaswellasmanyvalues.Theireconomicrelationsaresoclose(theyhavebeeneachother’sNo.1tradingpartnerforyears)thatthetwocountrieshaveestablishedtheNorthAmericanFreeTradeAgreement,theworld’slargestfree-tradezone.Bothenjoythemostdevelopedandrichesteconomiesintheworldaswellasacomparablestandardofliving(Canada’swelfaresystemisevenmorecomprehensiveandcoversmorewidely).Toguardtheover8000-kilometerlonglandborderisnotonlyexpensivebutalsounnecessary(inasense,impossible,becauseitistoolong),becauseneitherpeopleworrythattheirneighborswouldcrosstheborderonalargescaleorstayintheircountryforalongtime.3.TheborderbetweentheU.S.andMexicoisheavilyguarded(mostlyontheAmericanside)againstillegalimmigrantsenteringtheU.S.whilepeoplecanenterMexicofreely.Thecauseismostlyeconomicratherthanpolitical.ThereisahugedisparityinthestandardoflivingbetweentheU.S.andMexicowhosepercapitaGDPisonlyabout20%thatoftheU.S.(2012WorldBankstatistics).ItisestimatedsixoutoftheelevenmillionillegalimmigrantslivingintheU.S.areMexicans,andmillionsmoreplantoentertheU.S.TheytrytobenefitfromtheAmericanbusinessorjobopportunitiesorfromtheAmericanwelfaresystemoreventoengageindrug-traffickingandsmuggling.Anotherpurposeistocombatcrimeandterrorism,particularlyafterthe9.11terroristattacks.TheU.S.-Mexicanborderareaswitnessthemostseriousdrug-traffickingandgangviolenceintheworld.SomeMexicans,inparticularthosehauntedbytheseriousdrug-relatedviolenceinrecentyears,trytoescapefromtheviolenceinMexicobymovingtotheU.S.Inaword,iftheUS-MexicoborderisopenandunguardedastheU.S.-Canadaborder,therewouldbemillionsofMexicanstryingtomigratetoAmericasothattheconsequentproblemswouldbeverydifficultfortheU.S.dealwith.4.Alaska,facingRussiaacrossBeringStrait,islocatedbetweentheArcticandPacificoceans,soit’simportantforstrategicpositionandtransportation.5.Hawaii,likeachainofbeads,islocatedinthecentralPacificOcean,thebestplacetoenjoytheoceanicscenery.Itisfamousfornaturalscenery:whitebeach,bluesky,andpalmtrees,etc.ThefamousPacificFleetislocatedatPearlHarbor,OahuIsland.P.221—222IFillintheb