用MATLAB-SIMULINK实现柴油机及其控制系统的动态仿真

980045MATLAB/SIMULINK朱　辉*()王丽清()　张幽彤　程昌()　　动态仿真是发动机控制系统开发过程中的重要环节。本文建立了柴油机准线性动态模型,详细描述了空气流量率、燃空比、指示热效率、摩擦损失、平均指示压力输出、发动机动力学等子模型。控制系统模型包括控制策略、传感器和执行器模型,本文选用的控制策略为PID调节器。文中给出了以上主要模型在MATLAB/SIMULINK环境下的实现过程和结构组成图。以BN493自然吸气柴油机及其控制系统为仿真对象,在MATLAB/SIMULINK环境下进行了动态仿真计算,文中给出了典型瞬态过程的仿真和实测结果。:,,,DynamicSimulationofDieselEngineandControlSystemUsingMATLAB/SIMULINKZhuHui(DepartmentofAutomobileEngineering,TsinghuaUniversity)WangLiqing(BeijingLightAutomobileCo.,Ltd.)ZhangYoutongChengChangqi(BeijingInstituteofTechnology)AbstractDynamicSimulationisanimportantstageinthecourseofdevelopingenginecontrolsystem.Thispaperpresentsaquasi-lineardynamicmodelofdieselengine,includingairmassflowrate,fu-el/airratio,indicatedthermalefficiency,frictionloss,indicatedmeaneffectivepressureandenginedynamicsetc.sub-models.Thecontrolsystemmodelconsistsofcontrolstrategy,sensorsandactu-atorssub-models.ThecontrolstrategyisaPIDcontroller.Thepaperdescribestherealizingpro-cessesandarchitecturesofthesemainmodels.ThedynamicsimulationofBN493dieselengineanditscontrolsystemisrealizedunderMATLAB/SIMULINKenvironment,andgivesthesimulationandtestingresultsundersometypicaltransientoperatingconditions.16(1998)3TransactionsofCSICEVol.16(1998)No.31997-05-27,1997-10-13*100084Keywords:Dynamicsimulation,Diesel,Controlsystem,Model,ECUECU,TheMathworks,Inc.,IntegratedSystems,Inc.,dSPACEGmbH,XanalogCorp.andVisualSolutions,Inc.[1],,,,,MATLAB/SIMULINKMathWorks,,WindowsSIMULINK,MATLAB/SIMULINK,,11MATLAB/SIMULINK,,,131519987:MATLAB/SIMULINK2,,,,,,SIMULINK222.1=[2]v=a0+a1ne+a2n2e(1):a0,a1,a2ma=vma0=v0VhNcylne/120kg/s(2):0;v2.2nef,[5]316163:i=(k0+k1ne+k2n2e)(k4+k5f+k6f2+k7f3)(3):ki(i=17)2.3,pf,(4)[3]:pfpfr=1+(k1+k2pink4)Sp+k3S2p(4):pf;pfr;pin;Sp;;ki(i=14)2.4,pimfine,pi=Kpimfi/neMPa(5):Kpi=30HuVhNcyl;mfkg/s;ne,r/min;Hu,kJ/kg;Vh,L;Ncyl;2.5,,,,nef[3],,:T=k0nek1f+k2pi+k3(6)2.6,[5]:dnedt=30000VhNcyl(pi-pf-pl)2(Ie+Il)(7):p1,MPa;Ie,l3,nex,q=(k0+k1x)1+nek2(8)4,(ECU)31719987:MATLAB/SIMULINK,334.1,PID4,[4]NcThr:Nc=Thr(NR-NL)+NL(9):NR;NL;Thr;Nc4Xd:Xd=Nc-neNcKrXmax(10):ne;Kr;XmaxPID,PIDX(n)X(n)=KpE(n)+KItnk=1E(k)+KDtE(n)-E(n-1)(11)E(k)=Xd(k)-Xe(k)318163:Kp;KI;KD;t;Xe;5E0(),5PIDXd,XL,4.2,,4.2.1　传感器模型3:(1);(2);(3)(),(Nteeth),Tne,CPU,TCLKCPUTneTne,Tne=(int)60106neNteethTCLK(12):ner/min;TCLKs;(int),Nteeth=3,TCLK=0.5s,4.2.2　齿杆位移执行器模型[4],G1(s)=11+tsS(13),G2(s)=kmS(14)5BN493,131919987:MATLAB/SIMULINK662%029Nm,29Nm0720Nm11%38%,38%13%6---7----320163,,,,,(),1BN493Q102mm2.771L18.21(532.2)kW3600r/min(750790)r/min,,,,,20ms,Adams20ms6MATLAB/SIMULINK,,,MATLAB/SIMULINK,1WeeksRobertW,MoskwaJohnJ.AutomotiveEngineModelingforReal-TimeControlUsingMATLAB/SIMULINK.SAEPaper9504172HendricksE,SorensonSC.MeanValueModelingofSparkIgnitionEngines.SAEPaper9006163JensenJP,KristensenAF,SorensonSC,etal.MeanValueModelingofaSmallTurbochargedDieselEngine.SAEPaper9100704.:[].,19945DH.(2).:,199232119987:MATLAB/SIMULINK