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安东石油技术(集团)有限公司水平井分级压裂改造技术介绍2010年2月1日水平井压裂工艺一、封隔器+投球滑套压裂系统:水平井压裂工艺建议完井工具一次入井实现水平井裸眼段分层压裂工艺一、封隔器+投球滑套压裂系统PrimaryObjectives主要作业目的•ControlWheretheFracisPlaced压裂作业区域控制ØIsolationofsegmentsofthelateral实现压裂作业井段横向分段隔离ØCreatefracturesovertheentirelengthofthelateral实现全井段完全压裂作业•IncreaseNPV增加投资回报率ØHigherinitialrateofproduction提高产量ØIncreasedreservoirdrainage增加采收率ØLoweroperationalexpenses降低作业成本一、封隔器+投球滑套压裂系统产能分析投资回报率分析一、封隔器+投球滑套压裂系统单井产量对比27531017880578545387185124050010001500200025003000IP(mcf)FracPointWellWell#1Well#2Well#3Well#4Well#5Well#6Well#7InitialProductionRateofFracPointWellvsOffsetVerticalFracturedWells124Well#7Koone2-35185Well#6Knowles1-26387Well#5Koone1-34545Well#4Cassell1-26578Well#3Hildreth1-36880Well#2Hillis1-271017Well#1McGee1-352753FracPointWellKnowles2-26-HInitialProductionRate(mcf)WellWellNameInitialProductionRateofOffsetVerticalWells一、封隔器+投球滑套压裂系统压力时间水力开启球球球表面漏失导致压力降低一、封隔器+投球滑套压裂系统一、封隔器+投球滑套压裂系统•OilCompanysavings–Rigtimecomparedtoconventionalcompletionmethods.缩短钻机/修井机使用时间–ThedaysofFracturingtimecomparedtoconventionalmethods减少压裂作业时间–NocementingofLinercostaswithconventionalmethods无固井作业需求–Nowirelineorperforatingneededaswithconventionalmethods.不需要钢丝作业和射孔作业使用优势一、封隔器+投球滑套压裂系统BallSeatSub球座一、封隔器+投球滑套压裂系统SettingBallCaptureSeat一、封隔器+投球滑套压裂系统BallSeatSub球座ØDevelopedasatemporarypluggingsystemmorethan25yearsagoØEstimatedusageapproximately12,000sincedevelopmentØUsedacrossallofBOT’sproductlines一、封隔器+投球滑套压裂系统“P”PressureActivatedSleeve压力开关滑套一、封隔器+投球滑套压裂系统“P”PressureActivatedSleeve压力开关滑套–UsedacrossallofBOT’sproductlinesØPortconfigurationwasmodifiedforFrac-PointapplicationsØEstimatedusagesincedevelopmentapproximately7,500Developedasapressureactuatedcirculatingsleevemorethan25yearsago一、封隔器+投球滑套压裂系统Ball’s球•Ball’stestedat250degto8,500psi在121℃,58MPa下做球实验•SpecificGravityOptions比重选项–2.47Phenolic2.47酚醛塑料–1.9CustomRubber20921.9橡胶–1.25Nytef–AvailableSizes可用尺寸•3.500in3.000in2.500in2.250in2.000in1.750in1.500in一、封隔器+投球滑套压裂系统OpenHolePacker裸眼封隔器一、封隔器+投球滑套压裂系统OpenHolePacker裸眼封隔器History:ØDevelopedasthePremierRemovablePackerSystemØ675runssince2001一、封隔器+投球滑套压裂系统OpenHolePackerPerformance•Basedon10KPremierPackerChassisØ6-1/8”Hole=10,000psi3-7/8Hole=8,500psiØ6-1/4”Hole=8,500psi4.00Hole=8,500psiØ6-1/2”Hole=6,000psi4.25Hole=5,000psiØTemperatureRating:100–350°FØInitiationPressureadjustbetween1,200–1,800psiØTorqueRating:upto6,000ft.lbs.dependingonthreadtypeØNobody(mandrel)movementduringsettingØ255KTensileRating一、封隔器+投球滑套压裂系统BallActivatedFracSleeve投球开关滑套一、封隔器+投球滑套压裂系统BallActivatedFracSleeve投球开关滑套ØModifiedforuseinFrac-pointapplicationswiththeadditionoftheballseatinsertØ9739runsfrom1992to2006ØDevelopmentin1990toselectivelyproducedifferentintervals一、封隔器+投球滑套压裂系统BallActivatedFracSleeve投球开关滑套ØFor4½’’X61/8’’OpenHoleØMaxOD:5.500inØID:3.75”IDafterdrillingoutballseat一、封隔器+投球滑套压裂系统BallActivatedFracSleeve投球开关滑套•OpeningPressuresadjustablebetween2,000–4,000psiØAvailableSeatSizes•3.500in•3.000in•2.500in•2.250in•2.000in•1.750in•1.500in一、封隔器+投球滑套压裂系统LinerTopPackerSystem尾管封隔器Ø4½’’X7’’SystemØRunOnHRLinerSettingToolØHydraulicallyreleasesat2,300psiØOD:5.875inØID:3.958in一、封隔器+投球滑套压裂系统LinerTopPackerSystem尾管封隔器系统ØOneTripDeployment–NoSettingToolNeededØPackerSetwith2,000psiandAppliedTensionandCompressionØ12,000psiDifferentialRatingØ200,000lbTensileRatingØIntegral5.250inID6ft.TieBackExtensionØTorqueCapabilityoftheHR12,000ft.lbs.DevelopmentHistoryØOriginallydevelopedasanalternativefor“twotrip”NorthSeapermanentpackercompletions.Developedin1980.Ø508SBPackerrunssince2003Ø524HRRunningtoolrunssince2003一、封隔器+投球滑套压裂系统SizesAvailable现有产品规格•4-1/2”Linerx7.00”CSGx(6-1/4”to6-1/2”)OH•2-7/8”Linerx4-1/2”CSGx(3-7/8”to4-1/4”)OH•3-1/2”Linerx5-1/2”CSGx(4-1/2to4-3/4”)OH•5-1/2”Linerx9-5/8”CSGx(8-1/2”to8-3/4)OH一、封隔器+投球滑套压裂系统MultilateralSystemMulti–StageOpenHoleFracturingSystem7-5/8”mainbore26-1/4”Laterals4-1/2”Liner一、封隔器+投球滑套压裂系统该系统可在一次起下钻中完成多个操作(酸化或压裂),不需要过油管干预,经济省时。用水泥取代裸眼井封隔器对地层进行分层。尾管悬挂器坐封后,通过油管将水泥注入井鞋。在注水泥期间,刮管胶塞的套筒向下关闭状态。用威德福的两种液压转换工具(HWB)控制套筒的开关。转换工具由连续油管送入,一个向下,另一个向上。压裂前下转换工具并打开ZoneSelect的套筒。将位于井底的转换工具上提到油管较粗位置—“存储仓”,并与油管以最大面积接触,以便减小在压裂过程中由转换工具产生的压力损失。一层压裂完毕后将该层套筒关闭,由HWB开关工具将另一层的套筒打开。在多层压裂过程中,重复进行这种打开、压裂、关闭、开启下一层的操作。在活井中可以用常规转换工具对所有滑套进行关闭和再次开启。如果需要分隔末端套筒,则在其上面使用胶塞分隔。ZoneSelect水平井压裂技术二、机械滑套+封隔器/固井水平井压裂系统-固井隔离采用水泥固井代替裸眼封隔器.尾管挂坐住后,水泥固井。固井过程中刮塞下行不会误开滑套,因为所有滑套都为上开式。可施工作业层数多于裸眼封隔器系统(球座方式)水平井和直井都可使用大大缩短常规多层酸化压裂的时间酸化或者压裂砾石充填各层独立作业二、机械滑套+封隔器/固井30固井隔离工作原理1、下入工具串,坐住尾管悬挂器,泵水泥3、水泥侯凝后,开最底端滑套2、水泥碰压后,坐悬挂封隔器4、开关工具随后提至竖直井段托筒处二、机械滑套+封隔器/固井315、开始底层压裂7、打开上层滑套,重复步骤4~5进行压裂,然后关闭本层滑套6、底层压裂结束,关闭底层滑套8、所有层压裂结束后,可选择性打开滑套进行生产。二、机械滑套+封隔器/固井3、在裸眼井、套管井中:用多功能滑套+封隔器对水平段分段;并连续完成水平井压裂酸化施工,施工后能够针对滑套采用机械办法,选择性的关闭或再次打开。三、多功能滑套+封隔器三、多功能滑套+封隔器Re-CloseableFracSleeve三、多功能滑套+封隔器三、多功能滑套+封隔器四、机械桥塞分段压裂技术机械桥塞分段压裂工艺施工工序及管柱结构图水平井机械桥塞分段压裂与常规压裂接近,工序较常规压裂复杂。水平井机械桥塞分段压裂的施工工序为:压裂第一段时,通洗井下桥塞至预定位置并坐封释放桥塞井筒试压射孔压裂试油求产下另一个桥塞。压裂第二段时,重复以上工序,依次完成全井压裂。FracGuard复合式桥塞及压裂塞四、机械桥塞分段压裂技术FracGuard®300复合式桥塞上部下部(in./mm)(lb/ft)(in./mm)(in./mm)(in./mm)(PSI/mPa)(PSI/mPa)(°F)(°C)2.9222.9922.69574.2276.0068.452.7502.7502.56069.8569.8565.023.9204.0903.66099.57103.89
本文标题:水平井分级压裂技术介绍
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