常用倒装句的结构及其用法

英语句子的自然顺序是主语在前,谓语在后（主语+谓语）。把谓语动词放在主语之前（谓语+主语）,就叫倒装结构。如果全部谓语放在主语之前,叫全部倒装;如果只把助动词或be动词放在主语之前就叫部分倒装。基本语序主+谓+宾IloveEnglish.谓语v+主语+其他成分助动词/情态动词+主语+v+…完全倒装部分倒装Herecametheheadmaster.NeverwillIforgiveyou.1.用于therebe句型。Therearemanystudentsintheclassroom.主语位于谓语arethere之后原句自然顺序是：Manystudentsarethereintheclassroom.另外,在此结构中可以用来代替be动词的动词有:exist,seem,happen,appear,live,rise,stand等Therestoodadogbeforehim.Thereexistdifferentopinionsonthisquestion.例题:________abeautifulpalace________thefootofthehill.A.Therestand;atB.Therestands;underC.Standsthere;underD.Therestands;atD2.用于“here(there,now,then)+不及物动词+主语的句型中,或以out,in,up,down,away等副词开头的句子里面,表示强调。Herecomesthebus.Outrushedthepuppy.Awaywentthegirl.注意：代词作主语时,主谓语序不变。Hereitis.Inhecomes.例题:There________.Andhere________.A.goesthephone;shecomesB.isthephonegoing;issheC.doesthephonego;doesshecomeD.thephonegoes;comesheA3.当句首状语是表示地点的介词词组时,也常引起全部倒装。Southofthecityliesabigsteelfactory.城南有一家大钢铁厂。Fromthevalleycameafrighteningsound.山谷里传来可怕的声音。Underthetreestandsalittleboy.划线的均是表示地点状语的介词词组,并且是位于句首。4.表语置于句首时,倒装结构采用“表语＋连系动词＋主语”结构1)形容词＋连系动词＋主语PresentatthemeetingwereProfessorWhite,ProfessorSmithandmanyotherguests.出席会议的有怀特教授、史密斯教授和许多其他客人。2)过去分词＋连系动词＋主语Gonearethedayswhentheycoulddowhattheyliked.他们可以为所欲为的日子一去不复返了。3)介词＋连系动词＋主语AmongthegoodsareChristmastrees,flowers,candlesandtoys.货物中有圣诞树、鲜花、蜡烛和玩具。1.用于疑问句DoyouspeakEnglish?2.用于省略if的虚拟条件句Hadyoureviewedyourlessons,youmighthavepassedtheexamination.由Ifyouhadreviewedyourlessons这样一个虚拟条件分句变过来的。3.用于“形容词(或名词、动词)＋as(though)”引导的让步状语从句。Prettyassheis,sheisnotclever.虽然她很漂亮，但并不聪明。Tryashewould,hemightfailagain.不管他怎么努力，他可能还是会失败。Moneyastheyhad,theydon’tknowhowtospendit.他们有了钱，却不知道怎么花。4.用于nosoonerthan,hardlywhen和notuntil的句型中。Nosoonerhadshegoneoutthantheclassbegan.她刚一出去，课就开始了Notuntiltheteachercamedidhefinishhishomework.直到老师来了他才完成作业。Notuntilthechildfellasleepdidthemotherleavetheroom.当Notuntil引导主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver____howseriousthepollutionwas.A.didthevillagersrealizeB.thevillagersrealizedC.thevillagersdidrealizedD.didn’tthevillagersrealizedA5.用于never,hardly,seldom,scarcely,little,atnotime,notonly,barely,rarely,little,notabit，no等否定词开头的句子里。NevershallIdothisagain.我再也不做这种事了。Atnotimecanyousay“no”totheorder.在任何时候你都不能对命令说“不”。LittledoIdreamIwouldseeyouhere.我做梦也想不到会在这里见到你。Notonlycanmp3sprovideuswithfun,butalsotheycanhelpuslearnEnglishwell.mp3不仅能给我们带来乐趣，而且能帮助我们学好英语。6.用于only开头的句子(only位于句首,修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句)Onlyafterbeingaskedthreetimesdidhecometothemeeting.他被邀请了三次才来参加会议。OnlybypracticingeverydaycanyoulearnEnglishwell.只有每天练习，你才能学好英语。Onlyinthisway____doitwell.A.mustweB.wecouldC.canweD.wecanC7.用于so,nor,neither开头的句子,表示重复的内容。此句谓语应与前句谓语的时态形式一致。HehasbeentoBeijing.SohaveI.Jackcannotanswerthequestion.NeithercanI.HehasbeentoBeijing.SohaveI.Sohehas.我也去过。是的，他确实去过。---DoyouknowJimquarreledwithhisbrother?---Idon’tknow,_______.A.nordon’tIcareB.nordoIcareC.Idon’tcareneitherD.Idon’tcarealsoB8.在so/suchthat的结构中,若so置于句首,则句子部分倒装SodifficultaproblemisitthatIcan’tworkitout.这道题太难了，我解不出来。Suchanoblepersonishethatpeopleallrespecthim.他是一个如此高贵的人，以至于人们都尊敬他。9.如果直接引语后注明引语是什么人所说的,主语是名词时,用倒装结构。主语是代词时,一般不用倒装结构。“Let’go,”saidtheman.“Let’go,”hesaid.10.用于某些祝愿的句子。Mayyousucceed.Maythejoyandhappinessaroundyoutodayandalways.愿快乐幸福永伴你左右.