英语状语从句讲练

状语从句讲练用作状语的从句叫做状语从句。引导状语从句的关联词是一些从属连词。•例：•Whenyoucrosstheroad,youmustbecareful.当你过马路时要小心。（when是从属连词）•IwaslatebecauseImissedthebus.我迟到了，因为我误了公共汽车。（because是从属连词）.•Ifsheasksme,I’lltellher.她如果问我，我就告诉她。（if是从属连词）•Youlookasifyouneedarest.•你像是需要休息似的。（asif是从属连词）.状语从句状语从句的位置比较灵活，有时可以放于句首，有时可以置于句末。状语从句位于句首时，其后常用逗号与后面的句子隔开。状语从句可以根据其用途分为：时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句、方式状语从句。1.时间状语从句•引导时间状语从句的关联词常有：after,before,when,while,whenever,assoonas,themoment,as,since,until,theminute,•thesecond,immediately,directly,instantly等。例：•Theballgoesupveryhighafterithitstheground.这球着地后蹦得很高。•Waituntilyou’recalled.你等着叫你吧！Whenhecame,Iwascooking.他来时，我在做饭。I’llcallyouassoonasIcomeback.我一回来就给你打电话。Beforetheycameback,wehadfinishedthework.他们回来前，我们已经完成工作了。Wehaven’tseeneachothersinceheleft.从他离开后我们没见过面。※when:持续性／非持续性动词都可以①当…时②正在…忽然Areyougoingtobeasailorwhenyouleaveschool?sb.wasdoing…when…sbwasabouttodo/wasgoingtodo…when…sbhasjustdone…whenwhen=atthistime/atthattime★When的其他含义：Whydoyouwalkwhenyouhaveacar?③在．．．的情况下Howcanweexplainittoyouwhenyouwon’tlisten?④ifWhyareyouherewhenyoushouldbeinschool?⑤本该．．．而※while的其他含义：WhileIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriend.(while=_______)Helikespopmusic,whileIamfondoffolkmusic.(while=_______)WhileIreallydon’tlikeart,Ifindhisworkimpressive.(while=___________)Whilethereislifethereishope.(while=_______________)whenalthoughaslongasbut※as:当…时；一边…一边；随着……＊某事一发生，另一事立即发生＊两个动作同时发生Asthedaywenton,theweathergotworse.Asthecaptainpassedme,Iaskedhimwhethertherewasanyhopeofsavingtheship.★as的常见用法：1.Shesangassheworked.①一边……一边……2.Smartasheis,hedoesn’tstudyhard.②虽然（倒装）3.YoumusttrytodoasIdid.③像…..一样4.Asshewaslateforclass,shehadtosaysorry.④由于※before①在……前ItwillbehalfayearbeforeIcomeback.Itwon’tbehalfayearbeforewemeetagain.Wesailedfourdaysandnightsbeforewesawtheland.Wehadn’trunamilebeforehefelttired.④肯定句“才”否定句“就”②itwillbe+一段时间before......多久之后才...③itwon’tbe+一段时间before......不久就....★theminute,thesecond等名词短语可以引导时间状语从句：1.EverytimeIwasintrouble,hewouldcometohelpme.2.Nexttimeyoucome,dorememberbringyoursonhere.3.FirsttimeImetthegirl.Ifeltinlovewithher.4.Youarewelcometocomebackanytimeyouwantto.5.LasttimeshesawJames,hewaslyinginbed.语法规则：everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thefirsttime,anytime等名词短语引导状语从句不加介词。•※“一…就”“刚….就”•我一到达上海就给你打电话。（时态）•时态要求：•改错:Ihardlygothomewhenitbegantorain.翻译为“刚…就”的连接词有•时态要求：•主句谓语动词用haddone,从句用didIwillcallyouassoonasIarriveinShanghai.ˆhad以一般现在时代替将来时nosooner...than,hardly...when,scarcely...when※till,until和not…until：1.until/till引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时，主句的动词是延续性动词，表示动作或状态一直持续到until/till所表示的时间，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。如：Wewaiteduntilhecame.2．用于否定句时，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，从句为肯定，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。如：Hewon’tgotobedtill/untilshereturns.3．till不可以置于句首，而until可以。如：UntilyoutoldmeIhadnoideaofit.4．not…until句型中的强调和倒装说法：ItwasnotuntilyoutoldmethatIhadanyideaofit.（强调句）NotuntilyoutoldmedidIhaveanyideaofit.（倒装）※易混淆句型•itis+时间+sincebeforewhenthat•Itisfiveyears______hefinishedhisresearch.•Itwasfiveyears______hefinishedhisresearch.•Itwasfiveyearslater_______hefinishedhisresearch.•Itwas5o’clock_____hegothome.•Itwasat5o’clock_____hegothome.sincewhenthatbeforethat1.______hecomesheretomorrow,Iwillcallyou.2.________hewaswalkinginthestreet,hemetTim.3.Shesang____sheworked.4.Therewasanapplause_______________________sheappearedonthestage.WhenWhile/Whenasthemoment(assoonas)theminute/thesecond/immediately/directly/instantly5.Itwon’tbelong______hefinisheshiswriting.6.______hehadfinishedhiswork,heleftthere.7.Itistwoyears______hecamehere.8.____________________Icatchacold,Ihavepaininmyback.9._______shetoldme,Ihadnoideaofwhattheyhadsaid.beforeAftersinceEverytime/eachtimeUntil2.地点状语从句地点状语从句由where,wherever等引导。例如：•Hewenttowherehisfatherworkedfiveyearsago.•Youcantakeawalkwhereveryouliketo.•---Mom,whatdidyourdoctorsay?---Headvisedmetolivewheretheairisfresher?3.原因状语从句•原因状语从句通常由because,as,since,nowthat,considering(that),seeing(that)等词引导。•because语气较强，用以回答why问句•as语气较弱，较口语化，所表示的原因较明显。•since语气较弱，常表对方已知的事实，相当于汉语的“既然”。•for放句中，引导后半句表原因。•nowthat既然，表示原因放在句首。•consideringthat考虑到／鉴于（句首）•seeingthat鉴于／由于／既然／因为（句首）1._________hewasill,hedidn’tgotoschool.2._______youdonotunderstand,Iwillexplainagain.3.Asshewaslateforclass,shehadtosaysorry.4.__________classisover,let’sgotoplayfootball.5.Hemustbeill,_____heisabsenttoday.BecauseSinceNowthatfor6.Ieatpotatoes_________Ilikethem.我吃土豆是因为我喜欢土豆。7.____Ididn’tknowtheway,Iaskedapoliceman.我由于不知道路，因而问警察。8._______youwon’thelpme,I’llasksomeoneelse.你既然不帮我，那我就请别人帮我。becauseAsSince4.结果状语从句•结果状语从句常用sothat,suchthat等关联词引导。e.g.•Heissoyoungthathecan’tgotowork.他如此小以致于他不能上班。•Hegotsolittlepaythathisfamilyhadtoliveonwelfaremoney.他工资很少，他的家人不得不靠救济金生活。•It’ssuchagoodchancethatwemustn’tmissit.机会这样好，我们决不能失掉。1.Itis_____goodastorythatI’llneverforgetit.2.Itis______agoodstorythatI’llneverforgetit.sosuch5.目的状语从句•目的状语从句常由sothat,inorderthat等词引导，目的状语从句常用助动词may（might）,shall（should）,will（would）,can(could)。目的状语从句常放于主句之后，例：•Speakclearlysothattheymayunderstandyou.你要讲得清楚，他们才听得懂。•Hespokeslowlyinorderthateveryoneshouldunderstand.他讲得很慢以便人人能听懂。1.Theysetoutearly________________theymightarrivethereintime