徐汇区2017学年第一学期质量监控试卷-高三英语(含标准标准答案)

1/92017届高三徐汇区高三英语一模2016.12II.GrammarandvocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword。fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.PleasemindthesilenceDespitebeingusedby1.34billionpeopleeachyear,travelingontheTubeinLondoncanactuallybequitelonely.Anunwrittenruleencouragingsilence,mixedwithclassicBritishreserve,meansthat(21)__________you’repackedintoanenclosedspacewithhundredsofotherpeople,themorningcommute(上下班)canleaveyoufeelingsomewhatisolated.OneLondonresident,however,istryingtochangethis.“YougetontheTubehereandifscompletelysilentandifsweird,saysJonathanDunne,42,anAmericanlivinginLondon,whohas,ironically,started(22)_______worldwidedialogueaftergivingoutbadges(徽章)withtheslogan“Tubechat?”lastmonth,encouragingcommutersinLondontogettalkingtooneanother.“Ihandedout500badgesduringrushhourinacityof8million,expectingmanyrefusalsandmostofthem(23)_______(throw)away,butafterabout24hoursitcompletelysnowballed,”hesays.Dunneandhis“Tubechat”campaign(24)_______(feature)inmediaacrosstheworldeversince,seeingTVinterviewsinSweden,BrazilandtheUK,aswellascountlesswebsite,newspaperandmagazineappearances.AlthoughDunnesayshe’sreceivedmostlypositivefeedback,noteveryoneagreeswithhissentiment.LondonerBrianWilsonrespondedwithacampaignof(25)_____own,handingout500badgeswiththewords‘‘Don’teventhinkaboutit”onthem.“I(26)______hardlystandtheideaofhavingtotalktostrangersontheTubeonmywaytowork,”hetoldtheBBC.MichaelRobinson,24,astudentfromLondon,agrees.“BeingontheTubeistheonlypeaceandquietsomepeoplegetontheirjourneystoand(27)______work.Itdoesn’tneedtobespoiledbypeoplecomingupandchattingtoyou,”hesays.WhileLondonhasitsseeminglyantisocialsetofregulationstofollow,noteverywherelacksasenseofcommunity.DoesDunnehopethatsomeofthiscommunityspirit(28)__________(mirror)intheUKfollowinghiscampaign?“PeopleassumethatIjustwalkupandtalktostrangers,(29)______Idon’t,butit’sbeenagreatwaytomeetpeopleyouwouldneverhavenormallyspokento,”hesays.“OnMonday,Oct10,thecurator(馆长)oftheLondonTransportMuseumhadmeoverfortea.”Soifyoueverendup(30)______(use)publictransportintheWest,whynotsayhellotothepersonnexttoyou?Justmakesuretocheckforabadgefirst.SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.overtookB.promisingC.likelihoodD.ridiculousE.sharedF.controlledGbeliefsH.reasonableI.trendJ.trackedK.demonstrated2/9Theriseinstoriesdescribingeventsthatneverhappened,ofteninvolvingfakepeopleinfakeplaces,hasledtoFacebookandGoogle’s(31)____todealwiththem.Butarewereallysoeasytofool?Accordingtoseveralstudies,theanswerisyes:eventhemostobviousfakenewsstartstobecomebelievableifit’s(32)_____enoughtimes.InthemonthsrunninguptotheUSelectiontherewasasurge(大浪)infakenews.AccordingtoananalysisbyCraigSilverman,ajournalist,duringthistimethetop20fakestoriesincirculation(33)_____thetop20storiesfrom19mainstreampublishers.PaulHorner,acreativepublisheroffakenews,hassaidhebelievesDonaldTrumpwaselectedbecauseofhim.“MysiteswerepickedupbyTrumpsupportersallthetime…Hisfollowersdon’tfact-checkanything–they’llposteverything,believeanything,”hetoldtheWashingtonPost.Silvermanpreviously(34)_____rumourscirculatingonlinein2014andfoundthatsharesandsocialinteractionsaroundfakenewsarticlesdwarfed(使...相形见绌)thoseofthearticlesthatexposedthem.AccordingtoSilverman,fakenewsstoriesareengineeredtoappealtopeople’shopesandfears,andaren’t(35)_____byreality,whichgivesthemtheedgeincreatingshareablecontent.Youmightthinkyou’reimmunetofallingfortheselies,butawealthofresearchdisagrees.Backinthe1940s,researchersfoundthat“themorearumouristold,themore(36)_____itsounds”.Theysuggestedthismeansthatarumourbornoutofmildsuspicioncan,bygainingcurrency,shiftpublicthinkingandopinion.Thisfalseimpressionoftruthwas(37)_____practicallyin1977whenresearchersintheUSquizzedcollegestudentsontheactualityofstatementsthattheyweretoldmaybetrueorfalse.Theresearchersfoundthatsimplyrepeatingthestatementsatalaterdatewasenoughtoincreasethe(38)______ofthestudentsbelievingthem.Lastyear,LisaFazioatVanderbiltUniversityinTennesseeandherteamfoundthatstudentsbecomemorelikelytobelieveastatementthattheyknowmustbefalseifitisrepeated.“Ourresearchsuggeststhatfalsenewscanandlikelydoesaffectpeople’s(39)_____.Evenifpeopleareconsciousthataheadlineisfalse,readingitmultipletimeswillmakeitseemmoretrustworthy,”Faziosays.Reassuringly,theteamfoundthataperson’sknowledgestillhasalargeinfluenceovertheirbeliefs,butit’sstillaworrying(40)______giventhatfalsehoodsappearrepeatedlyinournewsfeedseveryday.III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearcfourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Twokeyclimatechangeindicators—globalsurfacetemperaturesandArcticseaiceextent—havebrokennumerousrecordsthroughthefirsthalfof2016,accordingtoNASAanalysesofground-basedobservationsandsatellitedata.Each