Longfellow

亨利·华兹伍兹·朗费罗HenryWadsworthLongfellow（1807-1882）by禹雨王婧美HENRYWADSWORTHLONGFELLOW(1807-1882)HenryWadsworthLongfellowisnotedasthemostpopularAmericanpoetofthenineteenthcentury.Hispoetryandnarrativeworksarelyricalwithaneasyrhythm,makingthemmemorable.Upliftingwithtopicstheeverymancanrelateto,Longfellow'spoetryhumsinpeople'smindslikeafavoritesong.ContentsEvaluationBriefIntroductionofhislifeMajorWorksAnalysisofAPsalmofLifeBriefintroductionLongfellowwasborninPortland,Maine,onFebruary27,1807,anddiedonMarch24,1882inCambridge,Massachusetts.OneofhisgrandfatherswasastateSenatorandtheothergrandfatherhadbeenaRevolutionaryWargeneralandaCongressman.HegrewupinwhatisnowknownastheWadsworth-LongfellowHouse.Henrywasenrolledinadameschool(anearlyformofaprivateelementaryschoolinEnglish-speakingcountries.)attheageofthreeandbyagesixwasenrolledattheprivatePortlandAcademy.BriefintroductionInthefallof1822,the15-year-oldLongfellowenrolledatBowdoinCollegeinBrunswick,Maine,alongsidehisbrotherStephen.Followinghisgraduationin1826fromBowdoinCollege,wherehewasaclassmateofNathanielHawthorne.ThenLongfellowwenttoEuropetostudylanguage(France,Spain,Italy,GermanyandEngland)for4years.HestudiedlanguagesInMadrid,hespenttimewithWashingtonIrvingandwasparticularlyimpressedbytheauthor'sworkethic.IrvingencouragedtheyoungLongfellowtopursuewriting.Longfellow'sBirthplace,Portland,Me.BriefintroductionWhenhereturnedtotheUnitedStatesthreeyearslater,hetaughtEuropeanlanguagesatBowdoin.HeservedasaprofessorofmodernlanguagesatBowdoinCollegefrom1829---1835.ThenhetaughtmodernlanguagesatHarvardfrom1836to1854.Hisfirstmarriageendedin1835,whenhiswifedied.In1843,hemarriedthedaughterofawealthyindustrialistwhogavehimwealth,anddomestichappiness.In1861,hissecondwifedied.HespenthislastdaysinCambridge.HeistheonlyAmericanmanofletterstobehonoredwithabustinthePoet’sConnerinWestminster.Afteraseven-yearcourtship,LongfellowmarriedFrancesAppletonin1843.MaryStorerPotterbecameLongfellow'sfirstwifein1831anddiedfouryearslaterProfessorshipsCountryBirthandDeathAmericaBowdin(1826-1829),Harvard(1836-1854).Birth:Portland,Maine,February27,1807.Death:Cambridge,Match24,1882.Twomarriages:MaryStorerPotterLongfellow(1831-1835)FannyAppletonLongfellow(1843-1861)TripstoEurope:(1826-1829),(1835-1836),(1868-1869)Beforedeath1.ReceivinghonorarydegreesfromCambridgeandOxford2.InvitedtoWindsorbyQueenVictoria3.CalledbyrequestuponthePrinceofWales4.BreakfastingwithBritishPrimeMinister5.ElectedmemberofRussianAcademyandSpanishAcademy6.75thbirthdaycelebratedbythenationAfterdeath•Afterhisdeath,hebecametheonlyAmericantobehonoredwithabust(半身像）inthepoet’scornerofWestminsterAbbey.MajorworksLyrics:VoicesoftheNight«夜吟»(1839);BalladsandOtherPoems«歌谣及其他»(1842)PoemsonSlavery«奴隶制度诗篇»（1842）Longpoems:Evangeline«伊凡吉林»（1847）;SongofHiawatha«海华沙之歌»（1855）;CourtshipofMilesStandish«迈尔斯斯坦狄什的求婚（1858）Drama:MichaelAngelo«迈克尔安吉洛»Translation:DivineComedy«神曲»StyleofhispoetrygentlenessStylepurityDirectnesssweetnessSimplicitymusicalitysentimentalitymoralizationEvaluation•Duringthelastyearsofhislife,Longfellowreceivedmanyhonors,includinghonorarydegreesfromCambridgeandOxfordUniversitiesinEngland.•Afterhisdeath,abustofLongfellowwasplacedinthePoet’sCornerofWestminsterAbbey—thefirstAmericantobesohonored.•Inthelate19thcentury,LongfellowwaswithoutadoubtthemostpopularAmericanpoet.Evaluation•Contribution•Heisthemostimportantoneofthe“NewEnglandPoets(otherpoets:WilliamCullenBryant,JamesRussellLowell,OliverWendellHolmesandJohnGreenleafWhittier).•BasedonhisknowledgeofEuropeanliterarytradition,hebecameamasterofsonnetsandreflectivelyric.•HedidagreatservicetoAmericanliteratureindomesticatingcertainformsfromEuropeanliterature.•HissearchfornewformsandhiseffortsinconveyingdidacticisminpopularpoemsbroughthimapopularitywiththecommonreadersinAmericathathasneverbeenapproachedbyanyotherpoet.Evaluation•Hewasalsoimportantasatranslator;histranslationofDantebecamearequiredpossessionforthosewhowantedtobeapartofhighculture.•Healsoencouragedandsupportedothertranslators.InhonorofLongfellow'srolewithtranslations,HarvardestablishedtheLongfellowInstitutein1994,dedicatedtoliteraturewrittenintheUnitedStatesinlanguagesotherthanEnglish.•ExercisedagreatinfluenceinbringingEuropeanculturetotheUS•DidmuchtopopularizeAmericanfolkthemesabroad•ContemporarywriterEdgarAllanPoewrotetoLongfellowinMay1841ofhisferventadmirationwhich[your]geniushasinspiredinmeandlatercalledhimunquestionablythebestpoetinAmerica.EvaluationLimitations•Hefailedtoreflectwhathefeltpersonally,insteadofwhatheattainedfromreading.•HispoemslackofsuchdepthandinsightofagreatartistasthatofWhitman.•Fortheabovereasons,Longfellow'spopularityrapidlydeclined,beginningshortlyafterhisdeathandintothe20thcenturyasacademicsbegantoappreciatepoetslikeWaltWhitman,EdwinArlingtonRobinson,andRobertFrost.添加文本点击添加文本点击添加文本点击添加文本添加文本点击添加文本点击添加文本点击添加文本点击添加文本添加文本点击添加文本点击添加文本点击添加文本点击添加文本添加文本点击添加文本点击添加文本点击添加文本点击添加文本添加文本点击添加文本点击添加文本点击添加文本点击添加文本