欧盟水框架指令

TheEUWaterFrameworkDirectiveTheEUWaterFrameworkDirective欧欧盟盟水水框框架架指指令令DrMartinGriffithsEUWFDExpert10.11.2008马丁格里菲斯欧盟水框架指令专家zIntegratedriverbasinmanagementinplaceforover40years开展流域综合管理４０多年zTheEuropeanUnionDirectivesinfluencemoststandardsinEU欧盟指令影响着英国大多数的标准zThereisastrongregulatoryregimeinplacetoissuepermitsandtoensurecompliance有一个强有力的规章制度来发行许可，以及确保实施zTheEUWaterFrameworkDirectiveprovidesawaterplanningframeworkforEuropeforthenext30years.欧盟水框架指令在３０多年时间里为欧洲提供了一个水规划的框架2WaterFrameworkDirectiveBackground背景WaterFrameworkDirectiveObjectives目标zIntroducesnewwaysofprotectingandimprovingrivers,lakes,groundwater,estuariesandcoastalwaters介绍新方法，保护和改善河流、湖泊、地下水、入海口及沿海的水资源zIntegratedRiverBasinManagementacrossEurope在整个欧洲实施综合流域管理zTheemphasisisonachievinggoodenvironmentaloutcomes重点是达到保护环境的目标zItprovidesastructuretoenableustodevelopasustainablefutureforournaturalwaters.提供了一个框架，使我们能持续的开发利用我们的天然水资源34WaterFrameworkDirectiveEuropeanriverbasins欧洲流域5DanubeMapChinaMapWaterFrameworkDirectiveRiverbasins流域HIGH HIGH 高高GOOD GOOD 好好MODERATE MODERATE 中中POOR POOR 差差BAD BAD 很差很差No or Minimal无或少{Slight轻{Moderate中{Major大部分{Severe严重{恢复RestorePreventdeterioration-Areferencebasedsystem参照系统-AimtoachieveGoodQuality实现良好质量6WaterFrameworkDirectiveEcologicalObjectives(by2015)生态目标IntegratedoptionsforecologicalimprovementIntegratedoptionsforecologicalimprovement改善生态的综合措施改善生态的综合措施7FlowRegime水流PhysicalHabitat生境WaterQuality水质WaterFrameworkDirectiveImprovementoptions改善措施MonitoringProgrammesMonitoringProgrammes监测项目监测项目8ChemicalWaterFrameworkDirectiveEnvironmetalmonitoring环境监测ElementsBiologicalElementsHydromorphologicalElementsPhysico-chemElementszAnImprovementPlan改进计划zAclearandpublicprogrammethataimstoachievegoodstatus清晰公开的计划，目标是实现水质的良好状态zBasicmeasures基本措施•Statutoryinstruments法律法规•Abstractionlicences,effluentpermitsetc取水证，排污证等zSupplementaryMeasures补充措施•Incentives激励措施•Codesofpractice行业准则•Voluntaryinitiatives自律行为•Education教育zSetacleartimetable制定明确的时间表zFundingmustbeavailable资金必须到位9WaterFrameworkDirectiveProgrammeofMeasures实施计划ProgrammeofMeasures=ImprovementProgramme实施计划=改进计划•PointSourceImprovements点源改进•SewageTreatment污水处理•Industry工业•Abstractionreductions减小取水•Groundwater地下水•DiffuseSource面源•Agriculture农业•Urbanlanduse城市用地•HabitatCreation建立栖息地•Wetlands湿地•Coastalmanagement海岸管理10Usebestcombinationtoachieveagreedoutcomes用最佳的组合来达到目标WaterFrameworkDirectiveProgrammeofMeasures实施计划11WaterFrameworkDirectiveEconomicAnalysis经济分析TheBenefitsofEnvironmentalimprovement环境改善所带来的利益WaterFrameworkDirectiveEconomicAnalysis经济分析12TheCostsofEnvironmentalimprovement环境改善所需要付出的代价13WaterFrameworkDirectiveEconomicAnalysis经济分析WaterFrameworkDirectivePublicParticipation公众参与6yearstoanalyseissuesandprepareplan6年分析、准备计划3yearstoprepare3年准备Objectivesmet??目标是否实现？Dec2009Dec2015Dec2006Dec2000Dec2003Dec2012Establishprogrammeofmeasures确定措施Programmeofmeasuresoperational实施计划Directiveenteredintoforce生效Transposition变换Dec2004PublishplanforproducingRBMPs公布计划编制流域管理计划Characterisebasins确定利于特性3yearstoputinplaceschemes3年实施计划3yearstoachieveoutputs3年取得成果Repeatfortwofurthersixyearcycles再重复两个6年循环周期15WaterFrameworkDirectiveTimetable时间表WaterFrameworkDirectiveCommonImplementationStrategy统一实施战略WaterFrameworkDirectiveHandbook手册•IntegratedRiverBasinManagementhasbeenessentialintheprotectionandimprovementofthewaterenvironmentinEU•Itallowsfordialogueandconsultation•Itallowscoststobecalculatedandoptionsevaluated•Itsetsatimetableforimprovement•ItallowsscarceresourcestobeoptimisedOptimiseresourceswithinariverbasin在流域内优化资源•流域综合管理对英国的环境的保护与改善起到了重要的作用•引进了对话与协商•让成本得以计算,选择得以评估•确定改进时间表•优化稀有资源18WaterFrameworkDirectiveConclusion结论