中考英语一般现在时复习课件

一般现在时ReviewoftheSimplePresentTense一般现在时是英语中应用最广泛的时态之一，是中考复习的重点。它表示:一般现在时(TheSimplePresentTense)1.表示现在的状态：e.g.He’stwelve.She’satwork.2.表经常或反复性的动作：e.g.Igetupat6:30everyday.HereadsEnglisheverymorning.3.表主语具备的爱好、性格、能力和特征等：e.g.Shelikesnoodles.TheycanspeakFrench.4.表客观真理和自然规律：e.g.Twoplusfourissix.Themoongoesaroundtheearth.其结构按正常语序，即“主语+谓语+其它”，有时为了起强调作用，时间状语也可提前。其句式变化可分为两种情况：其时间状语为often、usually、always、sometimes等频率副词，onSaturdays、intheMorning(afternoon、evening)、everyday等。一、主语不是三人称单数时肯定:主+动词原形+其它.Weoftengoswimming.否定:主+don’t+动原+….Weoftendon’tgoswimming.疑问:Do+主+动原+…?Doyouoftengoswimming?Yes,wedo./No,wedon’t.﹏﹏﹏﹏特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+do+主+动原+…?Whatdoyouoftendo?1.Ioften____letterstomyfriend.(write)2.Theyusually___playingfootballafterschool.(like)3.Sometimeswe_________inPEclass.(notrun)4.When___you____upeveryday?(get)5.Thestudents_______lessonsonSunday.(nothave)6.___youoften___someshoppingonweekends?(do)二、主语为三人称单数时,肯定:主+动词的单三(s/es)+其它.Tomoftengoesswimming.否定:主+doesn’t+动原+….Tomoftendoesn’tgoswimming.疑问:Does+主+动原+…?DoesTomoftengoswimming?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.1.Jack___togotoschoolbybikeeveryday.(have)2.Mymotheroften___towork.(walk)3.SometimesLucy_________lunchathome.(nothave)4.Where___yoursister____?(work)5.____Mary____inNo.1middleschool?(study)﹏﹏﹏﹏特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+does+主+动原+…?Whatdoesyouoftendo?动词第三人称单数形式的构成构成规则例词1、一般在动词原形末尾加–slook–looksstart–starts2、以o,s,sh,ch结尾的动词加–esgo–goespass–passeswash–washeswatch–watches3、以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,变“y”为“i”加-esstudy–studiescarry–carries(元音字母+y的，则不变）play–plays做题时常见错误如下：一、be动词与行为动词同时出现在句子中。例：Weareplant(plant)thetreesinspring.答案：plant解析：学生往往会用汉语的思维方式去翻译，就成了“我们是在春天植树”。这是学习英语最忌讳的，要看语法是不是正确，在英语中，be是表状态，do是表动作，两种动词不能同时出现在句子中，可记住如下口诀：“英汉语言有差异，be、do不能放一起，仔细琢磨细分析，语法千万要牢记。”二、单三人称形式易出错。例：1.Heplaies(play)footballverywell.2.Dannygos(go)toschoolat7:10.答案：1.plays2.goes解析：1、以辅音字母加y结尾的动词变单三人称形式才能把y换成i再加es；2、与名词变复数不同，变单三人称形式以o结尾的词要加es.三、在句式变换时易出错。例：1.DoesJennyhas(has)agoodfriend?2.Briandoesn’tlives(notlive)inChina.答案：1.Doeshave2.doesn’tlive解析：单三人称做主语的一般现在时做句式变化时，可记住如下口诀：“见助动，用原形”。此口诀也可推广用于一般过去时态中。e.g.Hedidn'tgohomeyesterday.四、对do的理解易出错。例：Wedon’t(notdo)ourhomeworkintheafternoon.答案：don’tdo解析：do是一个比较难理解的词，它有三个含义:(a)是所有行为动词的总称；(b)是助动词，无实义；(c)是一个具体的行为动词“做，干”。此句中给出的do指“做，干”，not指把此句变为否定句，故须在do前加助动词don’t。五、对主语的数判断有误。例：LiMingwithmeare(be)inBeijing.答案:is解析:表面一看是“我和李明两个人在北京”，但with在此做伴随状语，不能做主语，故用is。另外，宾语从句中，从句部分若是表示客观真理，不管主句是何时态，从句都要用一般现在时；在时间和条件状语从句中，主句表将来，从句要用一般现在时。(1)表示动作，一般人称作主语的，变否定句须在动词前加助动词don’t；变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词do。E.g.Theyhavelunchat12:00.Theydon’thavelunchat12:00.Dotheyhavelunchat12:00?(2)单三人称做主语的，变否定句须在动词前加助动词doesn’t；变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词does。E.g.JennyspeaksEnglishverywell.Jennydoesn’tspeakEnglishverywell.DoesJennyspeakEnglishverywell?含有be动词的要在be上做变化。E.g.Dannyisagoodstudent.Dannyisn’tagoodstudent.IsDannyagoodstudent?专项练习：单选题：1.Jenny_____inanoffice.Herparents_____inahospital.A.work;worksB.works;workC.work;areworkingD.isworking;work2.Oneoftheboys_____ablackhat.A.haveB.thereisC.thereareD.has3.Wewillgoshoppingifit____tomorrow.A.don'trainB.didn'trainC.doesn'trainD.isn'trainDDC4.Hesaidthesun____intheeastand____inthewest.A.rose;setB.rises;setsC.rises,setD.rise;sets5.WangMei____musicandoften_____tomusic.A.like;listenB.likes;listensC.like;arelisteningD.liking;listen6.Jenny____Englisheveryevening.A.hasstudyB.studiesC.studyD.studiedBBB1.He______Englishinaschool.I_____mathsinaschool.(teach)2.Ioften______TV.(watch)3.Mybrotheroften______books.(read)4.He_____classeseveryday.(have)5.They_______shoppingonMonday.(notgo)6.Tom_________abikeeveryday.(notride)7.Myparents_________(notlike)fish.8.What_____you___?(do)9.Where______youruncle______?(live)10.When______sheusually_____up?(get)teachesteachwatchreadshasdon’tgodoesn’tridedon’tlikedododoesworkdoesget知识结构一般现在时构成用法常用时间1、主语+动词原形2、主语+动词的s/es1、表示经常、习惯性动作。Tomoftengoesswimming2、表示一种客观事实或真理。Themoonisround。always总是sometimes有时often/Usually经常everyday/week/year小结名称一般现在时定义谓语构成动词变化规则信息词否定句和一般疑问句1有be在be后加not,一般疑问句把be提前2有动词的在主语后加doesn’t(单三）或don’t,一般疑问句在句首加Does或Do，动词要还回原形指现在经常或反复发生的动作或存在的状态beamisare其余人称动词用原形1、+s2、以sxchsho结尾的+es3、辅音+y结尾的，把y变为iesoften,usually,sometimes,always,everydayinthemorning/afternoon/evening,onceaweek,if与unless引导的句子,宾语从句中单数第三人称动词参照变化规则2.实义动词的一般现在时句式：肯定句：主语（I/We/You/They）+实义动词+其他e.g.IstayathomeonSaturdays.Theyhavesportseveryday.主语（He/She/It）+实义动词三单现形式+其他e.g.HestaysathomeonSaturdays.Lucyhassportseveryday.否定句：主语（I/We/You/They）+do+not+动词原形+其他e.g.Idon’tstayathomeonSaturdays.Theydon’thavesportseveryday.主语（He/She/It）+does+not+动词原形+其他e.g.Hedoesn’tstayathomeonSaturdays.Lucydoesn’thavesportseveryday.一般疑问句：Do+主语（I/we/you/they）+动词原形+其他？e.g.DoyoustayathomeonSaturdays?Dotheyhavesportseveryday?Does+主语（he/she/it）+动词原形+其他？e.g.DoeshestayathomeonSaturdays?DoesLucyhavesportseveryday?1.be动词的一般现在时的句式：肯定句：主语+be+表语(n.,adj.等)e.g.Heisaworker.Youarethirteen.Theyareintheclassroom.否定句：主语+be+not+表语e.g.Heisnotaworker.Youaren’tthirteen.Theyaren’tintheclassroom.一般疑问句：Be+主语+表语?e.g.Isheaworker?Yes,heis./No,heisn’t.Areyouthirteen?Aretheyintheclassroom?Yes,theyare.No,theyaren’t.特殊疑问句：疑问词+be+主语?e.g.Whatishe?Whatcolouristhatbird?