The-High-Speed-Raiway终极版

HighSpeedRailwayJiaLeiLiChaoLiuSichangZhuXihangLiXudongLiuYunhuiCollegeofMechanicalEngineeringOutline:WhatishighspeedrailwayHistoryandBackgroundAdvantagesandSignificanceThefutureofhighspeedrailwayWhatishighspeedrailwayHighspeedrailwayisatypeofrailwayonwhichthetrainstravelataspeedmuchhigherthanthatoftraditionaltrains.Usually,thespeedismorethan200kilometersperhour.Itisasystemprojectincludingaseriesofmostadvancedrailwaytechnologies,andmanagementmethods.Generally,thehighspeedrailwayincludeshighspeedrailtransportationsystemwhichusesmaglevtechnology.HistoryandBackgroundTherearethreestagesofdevelopmentinthehistoryofthehighspeedrailway.Thefirststageisfrom1964to1990.InOctober,1964,JapanbuiltTokaidoShinkansenfromTokyotoOsakawhichis515.4kmlong.Itsspeedreached210km/hour,whichsignedthattheneweraofShinkansenhighspeedrailwayhadarrived.AftertheopeningofthebullettrainsinJapan,Europealsostarteddevelopinglargecapacityhighspeedtrainsin1965attheInternationalTransportFairinMunich,Germany.FrancebuiltTGVlineinthesoutheastandalongtheAtlantic.GermanyalsobuiltthehighspeedrailwaynamedICE(InterCityExpress).Thesecondstageisfrom1990tothemid-1990s.Atthisstage,manycountriesinEuropeincludingFrance,Germany,Spain,Italy,SwedenandEngland,begantobuildthehighspeedrailwayonalargescale.TGVinFranceTheywerebuilttomeetthedemandofresource,environmentandbenefitofenterprises.Thethirdstageisfromthemid-1990’stonow.Thehighspeedrailwaywasbuiltworldwide.Forexample,inAsia,ChinaandKoreaandChineseTaipeistartedtobuildhighspeedrailway,inNorthAmerica,Americaalsobegantobuildhighspeedrailway.Theconstructionwaswellplannedandcarriedoutstepbystep.ICEinGermanyThepaceofdevelopmentshowsnosignofslowing,andChina,FranceandSpain,amongstothercountries,areallpressingaheadwithambitiousplans.AdvantagesandSignificanceOncecompletedandwellestablished,highspeedtrainlineshavemanyadvantagesoverotherformsofhighcapacitypublictransportation.Oneoftheseisthatduetoinfrastructuredesigninmanycountries,intheseareas,highwayandairtravelsystemsareconstrained,andinmanycasesareoverloaded.Becausetheadditionofnewhighspeedrailwayscanalsobehighcapacity,ithasthepotentialofrelievingcongestionoverothertransitsystems.Highspeedtrainsarealsoconsideredtobemoreenergyefficientcomparedtoothermodesoftransitperpassengermile.Intermsofpassengercapacity,highspeedtrainscanalsoreducetheamountoflandusedbyperpassengercomparedtocarsonroads.Inaddition,trainstationsarenormallysmallerthanairportsandcanthereforebelocatedwithinmajorcitiesandspacedclosertogether,allowingformoreconvenienttravel.CRH-ChinaRailwaysHigh-speedSpeed​​isthemostimportantcharacteristicofhighspeedrailwayandmanycountriesareincreasingthetrainspeed.Forexample,Chinasetarunningspeedrecordof486.1kilometersperhouronatestrunontheBeijing-Shanghaihigh-speedrailwayattheendof2010.Anewhighspeedrailnetworkwouldtransformthecountry'seconomicgeography.Itwouldbringourkeycitiesclosertogether,enablebusinessestooperatemoreproductively,supportemploymentgrowthandregeneration,provideagenuinealternativetodomesticaviation,andcreateaplatformfordeliveringlong-termandsustainableeconomicgrowthandprosperity.Thisnetworkwouldslashjourneytimebetweencities,deliverahugeincreaseinrailcapacitytomeetrisingdemandoflong-distancerailtravel,andeaseovercrowdingonexistingrailways.Highspeedtraintravelcouldsave6billionpoundsofCO2annually.A2006studybytheCenterforCleanAirPolicyandtheCenterforNeighborhoodTechnologyconcludedthatbuildingahighspeedrailsystemacrosstheU.S.wouldlikelyresultin29millionfewercartripsand500,000fewerplaneflightseachyear,savingsixbillionpoundsofcarbondioxideemissions-theequivalentofremovingamillioncarsfromtheroadannually.Becauseoftheseadvantagesabove,therearemanylargehighspeedraillinesaroundtheworld.Europeplanstodramaticallyincreaseit’sconnectionandtheEUhasagoalofcreatingaTrans-Europeanhighspeedrailnetworktoconnecttheentireregionbefore2025.OtherexamplesaboutfutureplansofhighspeedrailwaycanbefoundacrosstheglobefromCaliforniatoMoroccotoSaudiArabia,thusstrengtheningtheimportanceofhighspeedtrainsasaviableformoffuturepublictransportation.ThefutureofHighSpeedRailwayAsforChina,onAug.1st,2008,thefirstintercityexpressline,theBeijing-TianjinIntercityRailway,begantoserveataspeedof350km/h,whichindicatesthatChinahasformallyenteredasubstantivestageofhighspeedrailwayconstruction.Atpresent,Chinahigh-speedrailnetworkhasbeendevelopingquicklyoverthepastyearswithacombinedlengthoftotaling7,531kilometerswhichislongestintheworld.HowwillthehighspeedrailwaybeinChina?AccordingtotheplanningoftheMinistryofRailways,bytheyear2020,Chinawillbasicallycompletethefourverticalandfourhorizontalhighspeedrailnetwork.Thankyou!