which与who引导的定语从句(初中)

1which、who引导的定语从句一、which引导的定语从句which在从句中做主语，也可做宾语，或介词的宾语，修饰表示物的先行词。例如：Thebuildingwhich/thatstandsneartheriverisourschool.(先行词在从句中作主语)Thehouse(which/that)weliveinisnotlarge.(先行词在从句中作livein宾语)=Thehousewhereweliveisnotlarge.(先行词在从句中作live的状语)=Thehouseinwhichweliveisnotlarge.(先行词在从句中作live的宾语，介词后面的which不能省略)小试牛刀：Theschoolisverybeautiful.Istudyintheschool.Thisisthewatch.Hewaslookingforawatch.【2012•河南】Tony,tellmetheresultofthediscussion_____youhadwithyourdadyesterday.A.whatB.whichC.whenD.who【2013•湖北】Theplace_______interestedmemostwastheChildren’sPalace.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.inwhich【2013•浙江】Thisisthehotel_______lastmonth.A.atwhichtheystayedB.atthattheystayedC.wheretheystayedatD.thattheystayed二、who、whom引导的定语从句1、who在从句中做主语(口语中也可做宾语)，修饰表示人的先行词。但是who的前面不能有介词，如果带介词，则必须用：介词+whom。例如：Thisisthemanwhohelpedme.Theboywho//whomwesawyesterdayisJohn’sbrother.Heistheboywithwhomiwentthere.2、whom引导的定语从句，whom在从句中作宾语，修饰表示人的先行词，口语中可以省略。(固定短语中的介词一般不能拆开，仍放在动词之后。lookfor/lookafter/takecareof/puton/takeoff…)例如：Theperson(whom)youjusttalkedtoisMr.Li.=ThepersontowhomyoujusttalkedisMr.Li.(介词后whom不能省略)小试牛刀：Thebabiesareveryhealthy.Thenursesarelookingafterthem.Thedoctorisintheroom.Youarelookingforthedoctor.【2011河北】Theteacherscameforavisitareforeigners.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which【2012•甘肃】JaneisoneofthestudentsintheclasshaveeverbeentoChina.A.whoB.whoseC.whichD.whom【2013•湖南】Doyouknowtheman_______?A.whomIspokeB.towhospokeC.IspoketoD.thatIspoke三、that、who与which的辨析使用情况例句用which不用that1、在引导非限制性定语从句时Thetree,whichisfourhundredyearsold,isveryfamoushere.2、在介词宾语时Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.只1anything,nothing,theone,all,few,much,aFinally,thethiefhandedeverythingthathehadstolen2有thatny,little等不定代词做先行词时tothepolice.2、先行词有theonly,thevery修饰时ThisistheverymanthatIwanttomeet.3、先行词被序数词、数词、形容词最高级修饰时ThatisthemostimportantthingthatIwanttoknow.4、先行词即有人，又有物时Doyouknowthethingsandthepeoples(that)theyaretalkingabout?5、主句中有who或whom时Whoisthemanthatisreadingthenewspaper?6、以Hereis(are)开头的句子时。Hereisafilmthatwillmoveanyone.用who不用that1、先行词为those指人时Thosewhowanttogothereraiseyourhand.2、therebe/live结构中先行词指人时Thereoncelivedakingwhowaskindtohispeople.3、one,anyone,no,all,nobody,none等不定代词做先行词时Anyonewhobrokethewindowwouldbepunished.Weshouldlearnfromtheonewhobenefitsus.小试牛刀：用关系代词填空。1、IsthereanythingIcandoforyou?2、Heansweredfewquestionstheteacherasked.3、ThatisthemostinterestingbookIhaveeverread.4、ThefirstthingIshoulddoistoreviewmylessons.5、That’stheonlythingIcandonow.6、Thesearetheverywordsheused.7、Whoisthegirlspoketoyoujustnow?8、Whichisthepenyoulost?9、ThemanandhisdogIalwaysmeetarestandingbythegate.10、TheprofessorandhisachievementIheardaboutareadmiredbythem.完成句子。1、这就是你们前天谈到的那个司机吗？Isthisthedriverthedaybeforeyesterday？2、我昨天买的钢笔在桌子上。Thepenisonthedesk.3、正在那边看书的那个人是谁？Whoisthemanoverthere?4、杭州制造的丝绸很畅销。ThesilkinHangzhousellswell.5、你认识教我们物理的张老师吗？DoyouknowMr.Zhang？参考答案：小试牛刀：1、that2、that3、that4、that5、that6、that7、that38、that9、that10、that1.who\whom\thatyoutalkedabout2.Which\thatIboughtyesterday3.Who\thatisreading4.Which\thatisproduced\made5.Who\thatteachesusphysics