初二上英语知识点-单元

初二英语上册Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?1.anywhereadv.否/疑问/条件状从somewhereadv.肯形容词放其后Eg.Youcangoanywhereinterestingifyouwant.-Didyougo____B____lastsummerholiday?-Yes.IwenttoShanghaiDisney.A.somewherespecialB.anywherespecialC.specialsomewhereD.specialanywhere2.形容词修饰不定代词everywhere肯“到处”nowhere不在任何地方-----反----anywhere任何地方some-，any-,every-,no-,加–one,-body,-thinganything复合不定代词否/疑，if/whether之后形容词放其后something肯e.g.Doyouhaveanythingtosay?LastnightIsawsomeonestrangelyingonthegroundnearmyhome.Ifyouhaveanythingimportanttotellme,pleasecallme.-Tom,pleasecomehere.Ihave___C___totellyou.-Ok.I’mcoming.A.anythingimportantB.importantsomethingC.somethingimportantD.importantanything3.Howdoyoulike…?你觉得…怎么样=Whatdoyouthinkof…?=Howdoyoufeelabout…?Eg.Howdoyoulikeyournewjob?=Whatdoyouthinkofyournewjob?=Howdoyoufeelaboutyournewjob?4.bored人感受-edboring物事物的特征-inge.g.Sheisboredwithherjob.Thelecturewasdeadlyboring.Doyoufindyourselfgettingimpatientor__A____withpeopleover由于unimportantthings?A.boredB.boringC.tiringD.tired5.becauseof+n.短语，代词等Because+句子e.g.Andbecauseofthebadweather,wecouldn’tseeanythingbelow.Andwecouldn’tseeanythingbelowbecausetheweatherwasbad.1、PleasebebriefbecauseIaminahurry.我有急事，请长话短说。2、Ididnotgotothecinemabecauseoftheintensecold.我因为严寒没出去看电影。3、Ididn'tbuyitbecauseitwastooexpensive.我没有买是因为它太贵了。4、Heisherebecauseofyou(that).他为你(那事)而来这里。5、Helosthisjobbecauseofhisage.由于年龄关系他失去了工作。6.enoughadj.Ihaveenoughmoneytobuyanewbook.adv.Heisnotoldenoughtogotoschool.adj.+enough+todosth.足够…做…Sheisold_enough_______to__makeherowndecision.7.一般过去时过去发生的动作或状态（1）肯：主语+was/were/V-p+其他Wewerepupilstwoyearsago.Iwenttothezoolastweek.（2）否：主语+was/were+not;主语+didn’t+V原+其他Hewasn’therejustnow.Hedidn’tgotoschoollastFriday.（3）一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+其他？Did+主语+V原+其他？Youwereathomethismorning.Wereyouathomethismorning?YourbrotherplayedcomputergameslastSunday.DidyoubrotherplaycomputergameslastSunday?Unit2Howoftendoyouexercise?1.不得不；必须haveto客观需要must主观愿望、看法Wehadtowalktoschoolyesterday.It’stoolate,Ihavetogonow.Youmustfinishtheworkbefore.Wehavetofinishtheworkbeforelunch.2.wanttodosth.想要做sth.Iwanttogoshopping.wantsb.todosth.想要sb.做sth.V+宾+宾补Shewantedmetoreaditagain.类似的动词：ask,teach,tell,wish,invite,order…3.begood+介词begoodto对…很好Sheisgoodtoeveryone.begoodfor对…有益/有好处Eatingvegetablesisgoodforyourhealth.begoodat擅长HeisgoodatspeakingEnglish.begoodwith与…相处得好Heisverygoodwiththechildren.doharmto=bebadfor=beharmfulto对…有害Nowadays,almosteveryoneknowsairpollutionisharmfultopeople’shealth.Itnotonlydisturbsothers,butalsodoesharmtopeople’shearing.4.it作形式主语动词不定式做真正的主语Itis/was+adj.+todosth.做sth….(adj.)Itiseveryone’sdutytoobeythelaw.ItisdifficultforaforeignertolearnChinese.Itis/was+adj.(forsb.)+todosth.对sb.来说做sth.是…的adj.表事物的特征，如easy,hard,difficult,interesting,impossible…e.g.It’sveryhardforhimtolearntwoforeignlanguages.Itis/was+adj.ofsb.+todosth.sb.做sth.，真…(adj.)adj.表人物的性格、品德，常表示主观感情或态度，如：good,kind,nice,clever,foolish…e.g.It’sveryniceofyoutohelpme.5.频率副词always总是；永远；始终100%usually通常；经常75%often时常；常常50%sometimes有时20%hardly几乎不5%never从不0%6.howoften/soon/long/farhowoften“多久一次”频率e.g.-Howoftendoyouvisityourmother?-Onceaweek.howsoon“多久之后”多久能完成对（从即时起）到将来某个时刻间的时间长短提问，回答通常为in+一段时间e.g.–Howsoonwillhebeback？-Inanhour.howfar“多远”路程e.g.-Howfarisitfromheretothezoo?-It’s6kilometers.howlong“时间多久；物体多长”一段时间/长度一般对过去发生的时间提问e.g.–Howlongdidhestayhere?-Abouttwoweeks.对物体长度提问e.g.-Howlongistheboard?-Aboutonemeter.7.through,across介词穿过through内部/中间如人群中，阳光中，物体中间等等；可用于抽象e.g.Thesunlightcomesthroughtheglass.Idon'tknowhowtheygetthroughthesecoldwinters.across表面goacross与cross（v./n.）同义across是介词，有“横跨，横穿，穿越”之意。e.g.Goacross(Cross)theroad,andyouwillfindthepostofficeonyourright.TheGreatGreenWallisacrossthenorthwestofChina.绿色长城横跨中国西北Unit3I’mmoreoutgoingthanmysister1.Both做主语常与介词of连用，构成both…of…e.g.Bothofuslikewatchingthetalentshow.both…and…“两者都”链接两个主语时，谓语动词用复数e.g.BothmyfatherandmymotherareEnglishteachers.Practice:-Pleaseturndownthemusic.__C___Dad____Momaresleeping.-Sorry,I’lldoitrightaway.A.Neither;norB.Either;orC.Both;andD.Notonly;butalso2.★反意疑问句的用法规则：“前肯后方，前否后肯”陈述部分+反义部分希望证实所叙述的内容两种结构：①肯定陈述+否定疑问e.g.Thestudentsenjoyplayingfootball,don’tthey?②否定陈述+肯定反意疑问e.g.Youdidn’tgo,didyou?情态动词/be/have(has)done/doIcanspeakEnglish,_can’tI_____?Ican’tspeakJapanese,_canI______?Shehasn’tbeentoJapan,_hasshe_______?Ididn’tgotoschool,_did__I_____?Practice:Hehasfewfriendsinhisnewschool,__B___?A.hasn’theB.doesheC.isheD.doesn’theSheisanurse,_isn’t___she____?Shehaseatendinner,_hasn’t____she____?Ihaveahouse,_don’t______I__?Ihaveboughtacar,_haven’t_______I____?Ihaveacold,__don’t____I_?Shelikesme,__doesn’t___she__?Heplayedcards,_didn’t_____he__?如何回答，根据事实回答yes/no,是否符合陈述部分“前否后肯”的回答yes或no与汉语正好相反。这种省略回答的yes要译成“不”，no要译成“是”。Theyworkhard,don’tthey?他们努力工作，不是吗？Yes,theydo.对,他们工作努力。/No,theydon't.不，他们工作不努力。Theydon’tworkhard,dothey?他们不太努力工作，是吗？Yes,theydo.不，他们工作努力。/No,theydon't.是的，他们工作不努力。以Let’s开头的祈使句，附加问句用shallwe；以Letus开头的，则用willyoue.g.Let’sgohome，shallwe？咱们回家吧，好吗？Letusgohome，willyou？让我们回家吧，好吗？2.★let’s和letuslet’s中us包括对方e.g.Let’stryagain.咱们再试一下吧Letus不包括对方e.g.Letusknowthetimeofyourarrival.告诉我们你到达的时间prac