中华人民共和国电子签名法(2004)-(中英双语逐条对照版)

1/11中华人民共和国电子签名法（2004）ElectronicSignatureLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina《中华人民共和国电子签名法》已由中华人民共和国第十届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十一次会议于２００４年８月２８日通过，现予公布，自２００５年４月１日起施行。中华人民共和国主席胡锦涛２００４年８月２８日（２００４年８月２８日第十届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十一次会议通过）(Adoptedatthe11thMeetingoftheStandingCommitteeoftheTenthNationalPeople'sCongressonAugust28,2004andpromulgatedbyOrderNo.18ofthePresidentofthePeople’sRepublicofChinaonAugust28,2004)第一章总则ChapterIGeneralProvisions第一条为了规范电子签名行为，确立电子签名的法律效力，维护有关各方的合法权益，制定本法。Article1ThisLawisenactedinordertostandardizeactsofelectronicsignature,validatethelegaleffectofelectronicsignature,andsafeguardthelawfulrightsandinterestsofthepartiesconcerned.第二条本法所称电子签名，是指数据电文中以电子形式所含、所附用于识别签名人身份并表明签名人认可其中内容的数据。Article2ForthepurposesofthisLaw,electronicsignaturemeansthedatainelectronicformcontainedinandattachedtoadatamessagetobeusedforidentifyingtheidentityofthesignatoryandforshowingthatthesignatoryrecognizeswhatisinthemessage.本法所称数据电文，是指以电子、光学、磁或者类似手段生成、发送、接收或者储存的信息。ThedatamessageasmentionedinthisLawmeanstheinformationgenerated,dispatched,receivedorstoredbyelectronic,optical,magneticorsimilarmeans.第三条民事活动中的合同或者其他文件、单证等文书，当事人可以约定使用或者不使用电子签名、数据电文。Article3Thepartiesconcernedmayagreetouseornottouseelectronicsignatureordatamessageinsuchdocumentationsascontractsandotherdocuments,receiptsandvouchersincivilactivities.当事人约定使用电子签名、数据电文的文书，不得仅因为其采用电子签名、数据电文的形式而否定其法律效力。Thelegaleffectofadocument,withregardtowhichthepartiesconcernedhaveagreedtouseelectronicsignatureordatamessage,shallnotbedeniedonlybecausetheformofelectronicsignatureordatamessageisadopted.2/11前款规定不适用下列文书：Theprovisionsoftheprecedingparagraphsshallnotbeapplicabletothefollowingdocuments:（一）涉及婚姻、收养、继承等人身关系的；(1)documentsrelatingtosuchpersonalrelationsasmarriage,adoptionandsuccession;（二）涉及土地、房屋等不动产权益转让的；(2)documentsrelatingtothetransferoftherightsandinterestsresidinginsuchrealestateaslandandhouses;（三）涉及停止供水、供热、供气、供电等公用事业服务的；(3)documentsrelatingtoterminationofsuchpublicutilityservicesaswatersupply,heatsupply,gassupplyandpowersupply;and（四）法律、行政法规规定的不适用电子文书的其他情形。(4)othercircumstanceswhereelectronicdocumentationisnotapplicable,asprovidedforbylawsandadministrativeregulations.第二章数据电文ChapterIIDataMessage第四条能够有形地表现所载内容，并可以随时调取查用的数据电文，视为符合法律、法规要求的书面形式。Article4Adatamessage,whichcangivevisibleexpressiontothecontentscarriedandcanreadilybepickedupforreference,shallbedeemedtobethewrittenformwhichconformstotherequirementsoflawsandregulations.第五条符合下列条件的数据电文，视为满足法律、法规规定的原件形式要求：Article5Datamessagesthatmeetthefollowingconditionsshallbedeemedtosatisfytherequirementsfortheformoftheoriginalcopiesasprovidedforbylawsandregulations:（一）能够有效地表现所载内容并可供随时调取查用；(1)messagesthatcangiveeffectiveexpressiontothecontentscarriedandcanreadilybepickedupforreference;and（二）能够可靠地保证自最终形成时起，内容保持完整、未被更改。但是，在数据电文上增加背书以及数据交换、储存和显示过程中发生的形式变化不影响数据电文的完整性。(2)messagesthatcanunfailinglyguaranteethatthecontentsremaincompleteandunalteredfromthetimewhentheyarefinallygenerated.Andthecompletenessofthedatamessagesshallnotbeaffectedwhenendorsementsareaddedtothedatamessagesorwhentheirformsarealteredintheprocessofdatainterchange,storageanddisplay.第六条符合下列条件的数据电文，视为满足法律、法规规定的文件保存要求：3/11Article6Datamessagesthatmeetthefollowingconditionsshallbedeemedtosatisfytherequirementsfordocumentpreservationasprovidedforbylawsandregulations:（一）能够有效地表现所载内容并可供随时调取查用；(1)messagesthatcangiveeffectiveexpressiontothecontentscarriedandcanreadilybepickedupforreference;（二）数据电文的格式与其生成、发送或者接收时的格式相同，或者格式不相同但是能够准确表现原来生成、发送或者接收的内容；(2)theformatofthedatamessagesisthesameastheformatwhentheyaregenerated,dispatchedorreceived,oralthoughtheformatisnotthesame,thecontentsoriginallygenerated,dispatchedorreceivedcanaccuratelybeexpressed;and（三）能够识别数据电文的发件人、收件人以及发送、接收的时间。(3)messagestheaddressersandreceiversofwhichandthetimeoftheirdispatchandreceiptcanbeidentified.第七条数据电文不得仅因为其是以电子、光学、磁或者类似手段生成、发送、接收或者储存的而被拒绝作为证据使用。Article7Nodatamessagestobeusedasevidenceshallberejectedsimplybecausetheyaregenerated,dispatched,receivedorstoredbyelectronic,optical,magneticorsimilarmeans.第八条审查数据电文作为证据的真实性，应当考虑以下因素：Article8Thefollowingfactorsshallbetakenintoconsiderationwhenthetruthfulnessofdatamessagestobeusedasevidenceisexamined:（一）生成、储存或者传递数据电文方法的可靠性；(1)thereliabilityofthemethodsusedforgenerating,storingortransmittingthedatamessages;（二）保持内容完整性方法的可靠性；(2)thereliabilityofthemethodsusedforkeepingthecompletenessofthecontents;（三）用以鉴别发件人方法的可靠性；(3)thereliabilityofthemethodsfordistinguishingtheaddressers;and（四）其他相关因素。(4)otherrelevantfactors.第九条数据电文有下列情形之一的，视为发件人发送：Article9Anyofthefollowingdatamessagesshallbedeemedtobedispatchedbytheaddresser:（一）经发件人授权发送的；(1)thedatamessageisdispatchedwithauthorizationoftheaddresser;4/11（二）发件人的信息系统自动发送的；(2)thedatamessageisdispatchedautomaticallybytheinformationsystemoftheaddresser;and（三）收件人按照发件人认可的方法对数据电文进行验证后结果相符的。(3)verificationofthedatamessagemadebythereceiverinaccordancewiththemethodrecognizedbytheaddresserprovesthatthemessageisidenticalwiththeonedispatched.当事人对前款规定的事项另有约定的，从其约定。Ifthepartiesconcernedhaveagreedotherwisewithregardtothemattersspecifiedintheprecedingparagraph,suchagreementsh