PDF-关于严重突发事件危机干预的研究评述

2003114382~386AdvancesinPsychologicalScience2150213.SARSB84991119981criticalincidentSolomon1998[1][2]GlaserOKT3TThT[3]Milgram19984AdjustmentDisorderAcuteStressDisorderposttraumaticstressdisorderPTSDDisorderofExtremeStress[4]2003-06-20382114-383-PTSDPTSDDSMIV2[5]MyerWilliams1992[6]Brende19981987~1998548[7]Wilson1999[8]SARSMyerWilliams3Everly19993123[9]Lindemann441234[10]O'Halloran20007Lindemann4[11](CISD)(CISM)CISDintroductionfactphasethoughtphasereactionsymptomphaseteachingphasere-entryEverlyCISD[12]CISM-384-2003Naser2001CISM[13]Belkin3equilibriummodel(cognitivemodel)(psychosocialtransitionmodel)[14]North2000CREST[15]Eaton2000724555[16]Dodgen2002911theMentalHealthCommunityResponseCoalitionMHRC923[17]Gordon1999[18]Huleatt20022001911FACFAC[19]Doherty1999[20]Everly200050[21]Cornell[22]4114-385-3[1]SolomonRM.UtilizationofEMDRincrisisintervention.CrisisInterventionandTimeLimitedTreatment,1998,4(2-3):239~246[2]FigleyCR.Fromvictimtosurvivor:Socialresponsibilityinthewakeofcatastrophe.In:CRFigleyed.TraumaandItsWake:TheStudyofPost-TraumaStressDisorder.NewYork:Brunner/mazel,1985.398~416[3]GlaserR,etal.Stress-relatedimpairmentsincellularimmunity.PsychiatryResearch,1985,16:233~239[4]MilgramNA.Childrenunderstress.In:THOllendick,MHersened.HandbookofChildPsychopathology(3rded.).NewYork:PlenumPress,1998.505~533[5]MyerRA.AssessmentforCrisisIntervention:ATriageAssessmentModel.Belmont,CA:Wadsworth/ThomsonLearning,2001.157[6]MyerRA,WilliamsR,OttensAJ,SchmidtAE.Athree-dimensionalmodelforravage.JournalofMentalHealthCounseling,1992,14:137~148[7]BrendeJO.Copingwithfloods:Assessment,intervention,andrecoveryprocessesforsurvivorsandhelpers.JournalofContemporaryPsychotherapy,1998,28(2):107~139[8]WilsonJP.Theoreticalperspectivesoftraumaticstressanddebriefings.InternationalJournalofEmergencyMentalHealth,1999,1(4):267~273[9]EverlyGS.Emergencymentalhealth:Anoverview.InternationalJournalofEmergencyMentalHealth,1999,1(1):3~7[10]LindemannE.Themeaningofcrisisinindividualandfamily.TeachersCollegeRecord,1956,57:310[11]O'HalloranMS,CopelandEP.Crisisinterventionwithearlyadolescentswhohavesufferedasignificantloss.In:ARRobertsed.CrisisInterventionHandbook:Assessment,Treatment,andResearch(2nded.).London:OxfordUniversityPress,2000.101~130[12]EverlyGS,BoyleSH.Criticalincidentstressdebriefing(CISD):Ameta-analysis.InternationalJournalofEmergencyMentalHealth,1999,1(3):165~168[13]NaserFA,etal.Overcomingtheeffectsofdisasters:ArationalefortheKuwaitiCISMprogram.InternationalJournalofEmergencyMentalHealth,2001,3(1):11~13[14]BelkinGS.IntroductiontoCounseling(2nded.).Dubuque,LA:WilliamC.Brown,1984[15]NorthCS,HongBA.ProjectCREST:Anewmodelformentalhealthinterventionafteracommunitydisaster.AmericanJournalofPublicHealth,2000,90(7):1057~1058[16]EatonYM,ErtlB.ThecomprehensivecrisisinterventionmodelofCommunityIntegration,Inc.CrisisServices.In:ARRobertsed.CrisisInterventionHandbook:Assessment,Treatment,andResearch(2nded.).London:OxfordUniversityPress,2000.373~388[17]DodgenD,etal.Coordinatingalocalresponsetoanationaltragedy:CommunitymentalhealthinWashington,DCafterthe-386-2003Pentagonattack.MilitaryMedicine,2002,167:87~89[18]GordonNS,etal.ChildrenandDisasters.TheSeriesinTraumaandLoss.Philadelphia,PA:Brunner/Mazel,1999.194[19]HuleattWJ,etal.Pentagonfamilyassistancecenterinter-agencymentalhealthcollaborationandresponse.MilitaryMedicine,2002,167:68~70[20]DohertyGW.Cross-culturalcounselingindisastersettings.AustralasianJournalofDisasterandTraumaStudies,1999,3(2):[21]EverlyGS.Fiveprinciplesofcrisisintervention:Reducingtheriskofprematurecrisisintervention.InternationalJournalofEmergencyMentalHealth,2000,2(1):1~4[22]CornellDG,SherasPL.Commonerrorsinschoolcrisisresponse:Learningfromourmistakes.PsychologyintheSchools,1998,35(3):297~307AReviewofCrisisInterventionofCriticalIncidentToneHuge,YangXuelong(InstituteofAppliedPsychology,SoochowUniversity,Suzhou215021)Abstract:Reviewingtheresearchofcrisisinterventionofcriticalincident.Twoaspectsshouldbepaidmuchattentionto:1.theimportanceofassessmentinthecrisisintervention.Assessmentisthepreconditionofintervention,runningthroughthewholeprocessoftheintervention.2.Manyinterventionmodelshavethreecharacters:(1)Technologyforstagepartitionwhichdividetheinterventionprocessasdifferentstagesandtakedifferenttactics.(2)Integrationtrend.Itintegratesdifferentinterventionmodelsandresourceofsupporttoimprovetheeffectofinterventiontothebestlevel.(3)Takingdifferenttacticsforthedifferentpeopleanddifferentstresssituations.SARSprevalenceisaserioustestforthecrisisinterventionsysteminourcountry.Asthecrisisinterventionsysteminourcountryisnotperfect,theinterventionmodels,experienceandlessondeservetouseforreference.Keywords:criticalincident,crisisintervention,SARS.