上海市宝山区2019届高三英语二模试题(含解析)

上海市宝山区2019届高三英语二模试题（含解析）Ⅱ.GrammarandVocabularyDirections：Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Curiosityispartofhumannature.Childrenarefamousforwantinganswers____1____tonsofquestions.Peoplekeepreadingorwatching____2____theywanttofindoutwhathappens.Butcuriosityalsoprovidesmanypracticalbenefits.Learningiseasiestifyouhaveagenuinedesireforknowledge.Curiositycancreatethatdesirewhenyouhaveaquestion.Manyofhistorygreatestdiscoveries____3____（make）bycuriouspeople.Peoplewondered____4____processesworkedorhowcertaintaskscouldbedonemoreeffectively.Thankstotheircuriosity,peoplenowknowfarmoreabouttheworldandhaveusefultechnology____5____（help）them.Evenifyoudon’tplantobeaninventorofresearcher,curiositycanstillhelpyouintheclassroom.Ifyoudevelopthejoyoflearning,classeswillbecomemorefun.Andyou’llexcelbecauseyouwillbefullyengagedintheprocessoflearning.Evenifyou’renolongerastudent,curiositywillmakeyoubetter____6____（inform）andthusamorecapableworker.Whatdoyoudoifyou’renotalreadycurious?Fortunately,curiosityisaskillthatcanbeimproved.Ifyouactlikeyou’recurious,you’llquicklystarttoactuallyfeelcurious.Often,themoreyoulearnaboutatopicthe____7____（interesting）itbecomes.Asyoulearnaboutatopic,gatherinformationfromasmanysourcesaspossible.Readavarietyofbooks,watchorlistentolecturesandaskquestions.Don’talwaysgetyourinformationfromthesamesource.Instead,learntoappreciatefactsthatdifferentpeopleknowandthedifferentopinions____8____theyexpress.Askalotofquestions,Remember,everyoneknows____9____thatyoudon’t.Findoutwhatthatis,andaskaboutit.Thisletsyoulearnsomethingandmakestheotherpersonhappybylettingthemshowofftheirknowledge.Intheclassroomoroutofit,____10____（develop）curiosityissuretobeworthwhile.【答案】1.to2.because3.weremade4.how5.tohelp6.informed7.moreinteresting8.that/which9.something10.developing【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了好奇心的作用以及如何培养好奇心。【1题详解】考查介词。句意：孩子们以想要得到无数问题的答案而闻名。名词answer和介词to搭配，表示“……的答案”，是固定搭配。故该空填to。【2题详解】考查连词。因为人们想弄清楚发生了什么事，所以他们不断地读书或看电视。该空引导原因状语从句，故填连词because。【3题详解】考查语态，时态和主谓一致。该空在句中作谓语，根据makediscoveries结构，主语discoveries和make之间是被动关系，故该句应用被动语态。根据下句中的“wondered”可知，该句叙述的是发生在过去的情况，应该用一般过去时态。主语为复数discoveries，根据主谓一致原则，该空应填weremade。【4题详解】考查名词性从句。句意：人们想知道过程是如何起作用的，或者某些任务是如何更有效地完成的。该空引导wonder的宾语从句，且根据句意，该空表示“如何”，故应用how引导该从句，故填how。【5题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于他们的好奇心，人们现在对这个世界了解得更多了，并且有了有用的技术来分析他们。____5____（help）them作定语，修饰usefultechnology.havesth.后面常接动词不定式作定语，故填tohelp。【6题详解】考查非谓语动词。即使你不再是一名学生，好奇心也会让你更好地了解情况，从而成为一名更有能力的工作人员。该题考查make+宾语+宾语补足语结构，inform意为“通知，告知”，宾语you和inform之间是被动关系，故该空应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填informed。informed还可以看作是形容词，意为“了解情况的”。【7题详解】考查形容词比较级。该题考查“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，该空作系动词become的表语，故应用形容词的比较级，故填moreinteresting。【8题详解】考查定语从句。“_____theyexpress”是定语从句，修饰thedifferentopinions，引导词在从句中作express的宾语，指物，故应用关系代词which/that引导该从句。故填which/that。【9题详解】考查不定代词。句意：记住，每个人都知道一些你不知道的东西。该空作know的宾语，且表示“某些东西”，故应填不定代词something。【10题详解】考查动名词。“_____curiosity”是主语，作主语，一般用动名词，故填developing。SectionBDirections：Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillineachblankwithaproperwordgiveninthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.Whenwasthelasttimethatyoudialedaphonenumberfrommemory?Itprobablydependsonhowlongyou’vebeenusing____11____likeacellphone.Whilesomegenerationscanrecallthedaysofmemorizingphonenumbers,it’spossiblethatmembersofGenerationZhaveneverhadtorememberasingle____12____.Whyisthis?Becausesmartphonesofferquickandconvenientwaysforstoringand____13____information.Thereisnoneedtomemorizeanything.Butthisisn’twithoutconsequence.Asdigitaldevicesdevelop,moreandmoreusers’heavyrelianceonthemmaybehavingdisablingeffects.“Digitaldementia（失智）”isthetermbeingusedbymedicalprofessionalstoidentifysomeoftheseeffects.SomeprofessionalslikeJimKwik,anexpertinmemoryimprovementandoptimalbrainperformance,aretakingacloserlookatthiseffect.Kwikdescribesdigitaldementialikethis:“we’re____14____ourbrainstooursmartdevices.We’resoreliantonoursmartphonesthatoursmartphonesaremakingusstupid.Asmedicalstudieschartthedeclineinmemoryandcognitiveskillsamongsmartphoneusers,aconnectionismadebetweensymptoms____15____withdementia.”Theseriousnessofoverusebecomes____16____whenyouconsiderjusthowyoungsmartphoneusersarebecoming.AuthorandspeakerSimonSinekpointsoutthatyoungminds“Arenotreadyforit!Theirmindscannotcopewiththedopamine（多巴胺）.”Consequently,theoverstimulationofscreensandsoundsleadto____17____moreoftenthannot.Sonowparents,teachersandmanagersareaskinghowtohandletheinflux（汇集）ofyoungpeoplewiththiskindofaddiction.First,monitoryourcellphoneuse.KeepdownloadingapplicationslikeForestorChecky.Thencutbackonany____18____usage.Setaspecificgoalofhowmuchyouthinkyoushoulduseyourphone.Determine____19____areasforcellphoneuse.Forexample,whileyou’reathome,onlyallowyourselftocheckyourphonesomewherelikeahomeoffice.Thisway,thetimeinbetweentasksisn’t____20____filledwithstaringatyourscreen.【答案】11.D12.F13.A14.K15.I16.C17.H18.B19.E20.J【解析】这是一篇说明文。现代人过度地依赖手机，这种做法会产生一些坏的影响，例如：失智