英国文学--作家作品介绍-Doris-Lessing

L/O/G/ODorisLessingTheGoldenNotebookBackgroundIn2007,LessingwontheNobelPrizeinLiterature.ShewasdescribedbytheSwedishAcademyasthatepicistofthefemaleexperience,whowithScepticism,fireandvisionarypowerhassubjectedadividedcivilizationtoscrutiny.DorisLessingisaBritishwriter,authorofworkssuchasthenovelsTheGrassisSingingandTheGoldenNotebook.ContentsBriefIntroductionEarlyLifeNotableWorksandAwardsWritingCareerLiteraryStyleBriefIntroductionPlotSummaryContentAbstractCharactersMajorThemesDorisLessingTheGoldenNotebookBorn22October1919PennameJaneSomersNationalityBritishBriefIntroductionDorisLessingEarlyLifeChildhood(1-18)FirstMarrige(19-23)SecondMarrige(25-29)LessingwasborninIran,thenknownasPersia,on22October1919.Herfather,whohadlostalegduringhisserviceinWorldWarI,methisfuturewife,anurse,attheRoyalFreeHospitalwherehewasrecoveringfromhisamputation.LessingwaseducatedattheDominicanConventHighSchool,aRomanCatholicconventall-girlsschoolinSalisbury.EarlyLifeSheleftschoolattheageof14,andwasself-educatedfromthereon;shelefthomeat15andworkedasanursemaid.In1937,LessingmovedtoSalisburytoworkasatelephoneoperator,andshesoonmarriedherfirsthusband,FrankWisdom,withwhomshehadtwochildren,beforethemarriageendedin1943.Followingherfirstdivorce,Lessing'sinterestwasdrawntothepopularcommunityoftheLeftBookClub,acommunistbookclubwhichshehadjoinedtheyearbefore.Itwasherethatshemetherfuturesecondhusband,GottfriedLessing.Theyweremarriedshortlyaftershejoinedthegroup,andhadachildtogether(Peter),beforethemarriagefailedandendedindivorcein1949.Afterthesetwofailedmarriages,shehasnotbeenmarriedsince.Notablework(s)TheGrassIsSingingTheGoodTerroristTheCleftBriefingforaDescentintoHellTheGoldenNotebookWritingCareerBecauseofhercampaigningagainstnucleararmsandSouthAfricanapartheid,LessingwasbannedfromthatcountryandfromRhodesiaformanyyears.ShemovedtoLondonwithheryoungestsonin1949.Herfirstnovel,TheGrassIsSinging,waspublishedin1950.Herbreakthroughwork,TheGoldenNotebook,waswrittenin1962.In1984,sheattemptedtopublishtwonovelsunderapseudonym,JaneSomers,todemonstratethedifficultynewauthorsfacedintryingtobreakintoprint.ThenovelsweredeclinedbyLessing'sUKpublisher,butacceptedbyanotherEnglishpublish,MichaelJoseph,andintheUSbyAlfredA.Knopf.WritingCareerSheacceptedaCompanionofHonorattheendof1999forconspicuousnationalservice.ShehasalsobeenmadeaCompanionofLiteraturebytheRoyalSocietyofLiterature.On11October,2007,LessingwasannouncedasthewinneroftheNobelPrizeforLiterature.Shewas87,makinghertheoldestwinneroftheliteratureprizeatthetimeoftheawardandthethirdoldestNobelLaureateinanycategory.ShealsostandsasonlytheeleventhwomantobeawardedtheNobelPrizeforLiteraturebytheSwedishAcademyinits106-yearhistory.ShetoldreportersoutsideherhomeI'vewonalltheprizesinEurope,everybloodyone,soI'mdelightedtowinthemall.It'saroyalflush.Ina2008interviewforBBC'sFrontRow,shestatedthatincreasedmediainterestfollowingtheawardhadleftherwithouttimeforwriting.Notableaward(s)19541986199520012007SomersetMaughamAward(毛姆文学奖)W.H.SmithLiteraryAwardW‧H‧史密斯文学奖JamesTaitBlackMemorialBookPrize詹姆斯·泰特·布莱克纪念奖DavidCohenPrize阿斯图里亚斯王子奖NobelPrizeinLiteratureLiterarystyleLessing'sfictioniscommonlydividedintothreedistinctphasesSufitheme(伊斯兰苏菲派)psychologicalthemeCommunisttheme1944-19561956-19691969----L/O/G/OTheGoldenNotebookBriefIntroduction•TheGoldenNotebookisa1962novelbyDorisLessing.Thisbook,aswellasthecouplethatfollowedit,enterstherealmofwhatMargaretDrabbleinTheOxfordCompaniontoEnglishLiteraturehascalledLessing'sinnerspacefiction,herworkthatexploresmentalandsocietalbreakdown.Thebookalsocontainsapowerfulanti-warandanti-Stalinistmessage,anextendedanalysisofcommunismandtheCommunistPartyinEnglandfromthe1930stothe1950s,andafamedexaminationofthebuddingsexualandwomen'sliberationmovements.TheGoldenNotebookhasbeentranslatedintoanumberofotherlanguages.•In2005,thenovelwaschosenbyTIMEmagazineasoneoftheonehundredbestEnglish-languagenovelsfrom1923topresent.ContentsPlotSummaryMajorThemesCharactersContentAbstractPlotsummaryTheGoldenNotebookisthestoryofwriterAnnaWulf,thefournotebooksinwhichshekeepstherecordofherlife,andherattempttotiethemalltogetherinafifth,gold-colorednotebook.ThebookinterspersessegmentsofanostensiblyrealisticnarrativeofthelivesofMollyandAnna,andtheirchildren,ex-husbandsandlovers—entitledFreeWomen—withexcerptsfromAnna'sfournotebooks,colouredblack(ofAnna'sexperienceinSouthernRhodesia,beforeandduringWWII,whichinspiredherownbestsellingnovel),red(ofherexperienceasamemberoftheCommunistParty),yellow(anongoingnovelthatisbeingwrittenbasedonthepainfulendingofAnna'sownloveaffair),andblue(Anna'spersonaljournalwheresherecordshermemories,dreams,andemotionallife).PlotsummaryEachnotebookisreturnedtofourtimes,interspersedwithepisodesfromFreeWomen,creatingnon-chronological,overlappingsectionsthatinteractwithoneanother.Thispost-modernisticstyling,withitsspaceandroomforplayengagingthecharactersandreaders,isamongthemostfamousfeaturesofthebook,althoughLessinginsistedthatreadersandreviewerspayattentiontotheseriousthemesinthenovel.ContentAbstractItisthestory