代词one-it-that的用法区别

代词one,it,that的用法区别代词one,itthat的用法在历届高考题中出现的频率较高，是高考的热点之一。1）one,it,that常常用来代替或避免重复某个名词。例如：①I'mlookingforaflat.I'dreallylikeonewithagarden.②-Wheredidyoufindyourwatch?-Ifinditinourclassroom.③ThepopulationofChinaislargerthanthatofanyothercountry.2）one可指人或物，只替代单数可数名词，复数用ones.One是泛指，但有限定修饰语，如the,this,that…修饰就变成了特指。如：①Onemustdoone'sduty.②MaryhasaredpencilandJanehasablueone.③Thenewdesignsaremuchbetterthantheoldones.3）.that只指物，不指人，可替代可数名词或不可数名词，具有“特指”性质。指的是同类事物中的另一样东西，即同类异物。如：Thelibraryofourschoolisbiggerthanthatofyours.(that代替的是另一个图书馆。)4）one和that在代替可数名词时，如果没有前置定语只有后置定语时，theone和that可互换。但该名词如有前置定语，则只能用theone,而不能用that。例如：①Iwilltaketheseatnexttotheone(=that)bythewindow.我就坐窗口的那个座位旁边。②Ipreferthelargeboxtothesmallone.(one不可用that替换)。5）That的复数形式those代替可数名词的复数。可指人或物，一般后面跟修饰语。如：①Today'scellphonesaresmallerthanthose(=theones)usedinthepast.②Thestudentswhodobestinexamarenotalwaysthose(=theones)withthebestbrains.6）theone(ones)或that,those指代某一名词做定语从句的先行词时，其关系代词which在that之后，which不能省略，而在theone、ones之后,which可省略。如：①Theirproblemtodayissomewhatsimilartothatwhichtheyfacedmanyyearsago.7）代替不可数名词时，应该用that。如：Theequipmentisdifferentfromthat.8）it代替上文所提到的名词时，是指同类事物中的同一样东西，即同类事物。如：Ihavelostmypen.I'mlookingforit.9）it和that可代替前面整个句子的意思，而one却不能；that可引导一个限定性定语从句，代替某个先行词（单复数名词均可），it和one则不能；it可代替不定式、动名词或从句，用作形式主语或形式宾语，也可用于强调句型中，而one和that则不能。如：①-Iwillmakebedforyou.–Itisverykindofyou.②Jimsaidhehadreadmynovel.Butthatwasnotpossible.③Aclockisaninstrumentthattellstime.④ThestudentsthatsurftheInternetwillbepunishedbytheteacher.⑤Itisnicetoseeyouagain.⑥Itisnousecallingherup.⑦Ifounditimpossibleformetopassthetest.⑧ItwasIwhobrokeyourwindow.