宾语补足语课件

Unit4Topic1宾语补足语是补足宾语意义的句子成分叫做宾语补足语。宾语补足语的结构形式：及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语（名词、形容词、不定式、分词或介词短语、副词）Sum-up宾语补足语:A.名词、形容词、副词、介词短语作宾语补足语①WecallhimJim.②Wemustkeepourschoolcleaneveryday.③Callhimin,please.④Leaveitonthedesk.B.动词不定式作宾语补足语⑤TellJanetosingusasong.⑥Let’shavearest.⑦Canyouhelpme(to)washmyclothes?C.分词作宾语补足语⑧Ihearsomebodysinginginthenextroom.⑨Inthefactory,computerscanmaketheproductionfinishedfaster.Weallmakehimamonitorinourclass.Computershavemadetheworkplacesaferandbetter.Iagreedhertosendhertoschool.Theykeeptheirheartsbeatingwell.Ifoundeverystudentingoodhealth.(名词作宾补)(形容词作宾补)•(不定式作宾补)•(现在分词作宾补)介词短语作宾补)动词总结能带宾语补足语结构的动词一定是及物动词。第一类：感觉动词，如see,hear,feel,smell,watch,notice等，这类词所接的宾补可以是-ing形式，也可以是动词原形。Heheardadistantvoiceshouting.IcouldsmellChinesevegetablescooking.Didyouseeacatbeingdrivenaway?第二类：含使动意义的动词，如let,have,get,make,wouldlike,want等，这类词所接的宾补多是动词原形或过去分词。We’vejusthadthehousedecorated.Youmustgetthecarrepaired.Atmyschooltheydon’tmakeuswearschooluniform.Theyletuswearwhateverwelike.IwanttheworkfinishedbyJanuary1st.第三类：含命名意义的动词，如call,name,appoint,elect,make,consider等，这类词所接的宾补一般是名词。CallmeJoe,please.Shewaselectedthepresidentofthecompany.Theyhavemademethechairman.Theyhavemademeanicechair.注意：这类结构和双宾的区别第四类：v+sb+todosth结构中的动词，所接的宾补多是不定式。常见的动词有很多，如advise,allow,ask,beg,cause,expect,want,force,inspire,invite,order,permit,remind,request等。Theyaskedmetitellyouhowmuchweappreciatedyourhelp.Helpmemovethedesk,willyou?第五类：find,keep等几个动词的用法很灵活，后面所接的宾补可以是形容词，副词，词组，现在分词和过去分词等。Wefounditverydifficulttosolvetheproblem.Howcanyoukeepthemwaitingforsolong?SuddenlyIfoundmywalletstolen.Keepthedoorclosed.宾语补足语可以由这九类来承担：n./adj./adv./介词短语/v.原型/ing/v-ed/todo/tobe1.Wechosehimourmonitor.2.Wemustmakeourclassroomclean.3.Hefoundthelighton.4.Thefiremengotthefireundercontrol.5.Theteacherlethimstandout.6.Didyouhearsomeonesinging?7.Theparentsmaketheirchildreneducated.8.Thedoctoradvisedmetohavearest.9.Weallconsiderhimtobeahero.make/choose/select+名词+职务（不带冠词）AtlastObamawasselectedpresidentofAmerica.Weallchosehimrepresentativeofourteam.TheymadeJimtheirleaderindiggingforthetreasuresinanancienttombnearthemountain.AmericanselectObama(as)PresidentoftheUSA.(Obamaistheirpresident.)当一个名词表示独一无二的职位或头衔(chairman,president,head,director,king,captain,monitor等)作表语，同位语和补语时，前面常不用冠词Tips:e.g.In1399,HenryIVbecameKingofEngland.（P.23L.49)todo做宾补表示宾语要去做的动作，能用todo做宾补的v.有：(即v.+sb.+todo)ask,want,wish(无hope),tell,order,warn,advise(无suggest),allow(无agree),invite,permit,forbid,expect,beg,force,encourage,send,teach,train,remind,require(无demand),wouldlike,wouldprefer等等.Iwishyoutohaveagoodtrip.Iwouldpreferyoutostayforthedinner.2)跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。常见的这类动词有“一感（feel）、二听(listento,hear),三让(make,let,have),四看”(lookat,see,watch,notice)如：Let’shavearest.让我们休息一会儿。但这种结构变成被动语态时，to必须加上。如:Hewasseentoleavetheroomwithabookinhishand.有人见他手拿着一本书离开这个房间。3)跟带to或不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。这类动词只有help。如：Canyouhelpme(to)washmyclothes?口诀：不定式不带to，请听观感使让助；最好学习不停步，被动语态补上to。分词作宾补分为两种情况1.现在分词做宾补，经常表示主动或者正在发生的动作。可跟这类补足语的动词有：see,watch,hear等Iheardsomebodysinginginthenextroomjustnow.只能用现在分词作宾语补足语的动词有：catch,keep,mind,prevent,stop,smell,等。例如：Shecaughthersonsmokingacigarette.Hiswordsstartedmethinking.catchsb.doing：抓住某人正在….mindsb.doing:介意某人做某事imaginesb.doing:想象某人做某事leavesb./sth.doing:使得/留下某人….keepsb./sth.doing:使得某人….Thepolicemancaughtthethiefstealing.Heleftthelightburning.I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.过去分词做宾补1.使役动词get,have,make,keep，leave等后，可用过去分词做宾语补足语，表：“致使某人或某事被…”Weshouldkeeptheminformedofwhatisgoingonhere.Janegotherbadtoothpulledoutatthedentist’s.需用过去分词作宾语补足语的情况2.感官动词feel,find,hear,notice,see,watch等表示感觉和心理状态的动词之后，表：“感受到某人或某事被做”。IwassleepingwhenIheardmynamecalled.Hewasdisappointedtofindhissuggestionsturneddown.Isaw__________________robhimrobbedbyaman.Isawhim__________________takentothehospital.Fillintheblanks.Iheardsomeone_________me.Iheardmyname________.IfoundTom_______thewindow.Ifoundthewindow_______callingcalledbreakbroken.Ihadmywatchrepaired.Ihadmyroomcleaned.Ihadmyfootinjured.Shefoundhishaircut.Shefoundhisclotheswashed.Shefoundhisroomcleaned.havesth./sb.donefindsth./sbdoneHegothisleginjured.Hegothiscameradamaged.Hegothisglassesbroken.getsth./sbdoneIsawhimbeatenbyhismother.Isawhimbittenbyadog.Isawhimrobbedbyaman.seesth./sb.doneImadehimpunished.makesth./sb.doneIwatchedhimkilled.watchsth./sbdone解题要点：首先要知道动词后是跟todo还是ing，ed,或是原型。其次要知道他们做宾补的区别：todo做宾补常表示要去做的动作。ing做宾补常表示正在进行的或主动的动作ed做宾补常表示被动的动作。v.原型做宾补常表示动作全过程（跟在感官v.后）此外，ing和ed做宾补还可以表示宾语的状态，此时类似于adj.最后根据题目的语境认真分析，选出语法和释义都合理的最佳选项。1、With的复合结构With+n.+V-ingP.P.VtodoAdj.Adv.Prep.That’sallfortoday!Seeyou!