英语名词讲解ppt课件

汉堡包水果西红柿大米；米饭草莓鸡肉牛奶吃面包健康的事物hamburgerfruittomatoricestrawberrychickenmilkeatbreadhealthything1容易的在...后面梨子食物蔬菜胡萝卜习惯午餐早餐晚餐肥胖的easyafterpearfoodvegetablecarrothabitlunchbreakfastdinnerfat2名词（n.）：概念：是表示人、事物、抽象概念等名称的词。根据其词汇意义，名词可分为专有名词和普通名词。名词：nouns3普通名词：指表示一类人、东西、抽象概念的名词。•例如：•表示东西、事物的。如book、computer、tree、chopsticks(筷子)…•表示一类人的。如boy、girl、woman、man、teacher、father…•表示抽象概念，像人的情感、品质、精神的。如happiness、trouble、pleasure（愉快、快乐）、industry（勤劳）…4辨认下列哪些是名词，哪些不是名词：computer，takecoffee，water，run.notebook.bring,table,sportinteresting,Mondayagenewactorsell5专有名词:指表示人、地方、机构、组织等的专有名称。具体说来，它包括人名、国家、地名、月份、星期、节日、书名、电影名以及某些抽象名词等。Jim吉姆China中国Mr.Smith史密斯先生July七月Friday星期五theYellowRiver黄河Christmas圣诞节English英语ATaleofTwoCities《双城记》6名词：可数名词不可数名词单数复数转变7可数名词的复数变化：1.可数名词复数的规则变化：(1)一般情况加词尾-s，如book-books,desk-desks等。(2)以s,x,sh,ch等结尾的名词，通常加词尾-es：bus-buses,box-boxes,dish-dishes，match-matches（比赛），watch-watches等。8Practice:•Therearemany(bus)and(car)onthestreet.•.Ihavetwo(watch),soIgivea(watch)tomysister.•YesterdayIwenttothesupermarketandboughtsome（dish）carsbuseswatcheswatchdishes93)以“o”结尾的名词,有生命词尾es；如tomato-tomatoes；potato-potatoeshero(英雄)-heroes无生命的名词，加词尾s；如radio—radios（收音机）；piano-pianos但注意photo—photos（相片）104)以y结尾的名词，其复数构成要分两种情况：以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词，将y改为ies；如：city-cities,baby-babies以“元音字母+y”结尾的名词，直接加词尾-s：如：toy/toys,holiday/holidays等。5)以f或fe结尾的名词，多数变f或fe为v加es:如：wife-wives,knife-knives（小刀），Leaf-leaves（树叶）；life-lives(生命)，scarf-scarves(围巾)11记住以下10个要把f或者fe改成v加es的单词：wife(妻子)，life(生命)，knife(小刀)，leaf(树叶)，thief(贼)，half(一半)，self(自己)，shelf(架子)，loaf(面包)，wolf(狼)。重点但roof-roofs(屋顶)是例外！！12练习：写出下列单词的单数或复数形式friendcattreessquestionsskeystoysphotostomatoespotatoesleaf/leaveszoosradiosholidaysbaby/babiescity/citiesroofsbusesboxes13•Weneedmore(potato),canyougoandtakesome,please?•(Knife)areusedforcuttingthings.•Whenwesawhisface,weknewthe(news)wasbad.•Pleaseremembergivethehorsesometree(leaf).potatoesKnivesnewsleaves14单复数同形:英语中，有些名词的单数与复数同行:例：people、Chinese、Japanese、fish、deer（鹿）、sheep（绵羊）e.g:Therearemanyfishintheriver.Wehaveafishforlunch.15名词复数的不规则变化有的名词单数变复数时，没有一定的规则，需特别记忆：man/men男人woman/women女人child/children小孩tooth/teeth牙齿foot/feet脚goose/geese鹅mouse/mice老鼠ox/oxen公牛16(二)不规则变化男人女人a变e，鹅足牙oo变ee；老鼠虱子也好记，ous变ic；孩子加上ren，鱼鹿绵羊不用变。6.名词复数的不规则变化需要特别记忆。例如man→men,woman→women,goose→geese,foot→feet,tooth→teeth,mouse→mice,louse(虱子)→lice,child→children,fish→fish,deer(鹿)→deer,sheep→sheep等。17不可数名词常用apieceof,acupof,aglassof,abottleof等来表示不可数名词的量，单复数表现在在of前面的名词上。如：桌子上有一杯橙汁。Thereisaglassoforangejuiceonthetable.这张纸是红色的。Thispieceofpaperisred.这两双袜子5美元。Thesetwopairsofsocksare5dollars名词做主语，一定要注意主谓一致18用适当的be动词填空Mymother___abeautifulwoman.Thispairofpants____20dollars.Mysocks___red.Whosepens___there？Ann’sfamily___allteachers.Herfamily___alargeoneinthisplace.There_acupofcoffeeonthedesk.Thesestrawberries___fresh.19写出下列名词的复数形式1、orange2、class3、text4、monkey5、piano6、child7、shelf8、bed9、country10、family11、toy12、foot13、Japanese14、radio15、photo16、army17、tomato18、fox19、woman20、knife22、sheeporangesclassestextsmonkeyschildrenshelvesbedscountriesfamiliestoysJapaneseradiosphotostomatoesfoxespianosfeetwomenknivessheeparmies20二、用所给的单词的复数的正确形式填空：1．Therearesomany________(wolf)intheforest.2.Therearethree______(chair)intheclassroom.3.These_______(tomato)arered.4.______(hero)aregreat.5．Mybrotherlooksaftertwo______(baby)6．Therearesome____(deer)eatingthegrass.7．Myfatherlikestoeat_______(potato).8Chinese______(people)liketoeatnoodles.9．Ihavealotof______(toy)inmybedroom.10．Ihelpmymotherwash______(dish)inthekitchen.wolveschairstomatoesHeroesbabiesdeerpotatoespeopletoysdishes2111．Ihavetwo______(pencil-box).12．Therearesome______(bus)inthestreet.13．Peterhaseight_____(foot).14．Lindahasthree_______(tooth).15．Therearesome______(child)inthegarden.16．Michaellikesthe______(mouse).17．Therearesome______(goose)intheriver.18．Myuncleandfatherare_____(man).19．TomandKingare_____(boy).20．Lindahasthree______(tooth).pencil-boxesbusesfeetteethchildrenmicegeesemenboysteeth221．Icanseethree________inthezoo.AmonkeiesBmonkeysCmonkey2.Thepighasfour______.A.footB.feetC.foots3.Mytwobrothersareboth______.A.policemanB.policemansC.policemen4.Therearefour___________intheclass.A.JapaneseB.JapanesesC.Japan5.Icanseeten_____inthepicture.A.sheepB.dogC.pig6.The_____hasthree______.A.boys,watchesB.boy,watchC.boy,watches7.Canyousee_______ontheplate?A.breadB.breadsC.breadesBCBC238.Thegirloftenbrushesher_____beforeshegoestobed.A.toothB.toothsC.teeth9.MrBlackoftendrinksome_________.A.milkB.milksC.milkes10.Therearesome_____onthefloor.A.childB.waterC.books11._____willlearnEnglish.A.WomanB.WomenC.Man12.Lucywillshowussomenew____ofhers.A.photoB.photosC.photoes13.Idranktwo______.A.bottlesoforangeB.bottleoforangeC.bottlesoforanges14.Thecateatstwo______lastnight.A.mousesB.miceC.mouseABCCABB241、Thereonthewall.Theyareverybeautiful.A.arephotoesB.arephotosC.isaphotoD.isphotos2.ThiskindofcarmadeinShanghai.A.isB.areC.wereD.has3.Therearefourandtwointhegroup.A.Japanese,GermenBJapaneses,GermenC.Japanese,GermanC.Japanese,Germans4.That’sartbook.A.anB.aC.theDare5.Theboyshavegotalready.A.twobreadB.twobreads