常见机械英文用语

1常用英文零部件名称滚子轴承rollingbearing滚珠轴承ballbearing推力轴承thrustbearing角接触轴承Angularcontactbearing滑动轴承slidingbearing弹簧spring蝶形弹簧saucespring制动器arresterbrake联轴器coupling链chain链轮chainwheel凸轮cam带轮pulley同步带Synchronousbelt油封oilseal内六角螺栓insidehexagonalbolt螺纹thread螺母nut凸缘螺母flangednut圆顶螺母domednut六角槽型螺母castlenut方螺母squarenut垫片washer销pin销钉cotterpin开口销splitpin钉子nail铆钉rivet小齿轮pinion斜齿轮Helicalgear锥齿轮bevelgear直齿轮Spurgear蜗杆Worm涡轮Wormwheel曲轴crankshaft连杆connectingrod圆锥销cotterpin活塞piston键key键槽keyway花键spline半圆键woodruffkey法兰flange密封垫，衬垫gasket离合器clutch变速箱transmissionhousing齿条gearrack传动带transmissionbelt齿轮泵gearbump叶片泵vanepump隔膜泵Diaphragmpump液压驱动泵fluidclutch液压泵hydraulicpump高压泵highpressurepump高压软管flexiblehigh-pressurehose滤芯filtercore密封圈sealring伺服电机actuatingmotor步进电机steppermotor编码器encoder反馈编码器encoderfeedback传感器sensor光栅grating极限开关limitswitch压力表pressuregage油缸/液压缸hydro-cylinder/hydrauliccylinder流体油路板fluidmanifold节流阀throttlevalve溢流阀Reliefvalve减压阀pressure-reducingvalve单向阀one-wayvalve/checkvalve导向块guide导轨guiderails方向阀pilotvalve电磁阀solenoidvalve顶尖center定子stator滚珠丝杠leadscrew/ballscrew过滤器filter夹具holdingfixture/jigand2fixture加热器heater冷却风扇coolingfan冷却器cooler控制面板controlpanel互锁开关interlockswitch触摸屏touchscreen热电偶thermocouple位置反馈Positionfeedback主轴spindle卧式加工中心（HLC）Horizontallathecenter卧式车床Horizontallathe数控（CNC）ComputerizedNumericalControl卧式数控车床CNCHorizontallathe立式数控车床CNCverticallathe磨床grindingmachine镗床Boringmachine铣床millingmachine滚齿机gearhobbingmachine插齿机gearshapingmachine三抓卡盘three-jawchuck基准benchmark刀库toolchanger主轴箱spindlesbox动力箱powerdrivingbox滑台slidingtable升降装置liftingset夹头clampinghead切屑传输器chipconveyor三相交流电three-phaseAC变压器transformer热处理heattreatment直流电源DCelectricalsource交流电源ACelectricalsource发生器generator可编程序逻辑控制器（PLC）ProgrammableLogicController集成电路板Theintegratedcircuitboard计算机辅助管理（CAM）ComputerAidedManage计算机辅助设计（CAD）computeraideddesign数控键盘CNCkeyboard输入输出模块I/Omodules复位键resetkey紧急停止Emergencystop刀具补偿Toolcompensation公差配合toleranceandfits形位公差shapeandlocationtolerance基准datum基本尺寸basedimensions间隙配合clearancefit过盈配合interferencefit过度配合transitionfit粗糙度roughness形状误差errorofform圆度roundness圆跳动circularrunout全跳动totalrunout圆柱度cylindricity垂直度perpendicularity平行度parallelism同轴度coaxiality同心度concentricity对称度symmetry位置度position锥度conicaltaper斜度slope平面度flatness线轮廓度profileofaline面轮廓度profileofasurface缺陷flaw螺钉旋具screwdriver取螺钉器screwextractor螺纹规screwpitchgague套筒扳手socketspanner水平仪spiritlevel钳子夹钳plier手持电转electricaldrill弓形锯hacksaw管子钳pipewrench千斤顶jack滚花knurling3丝锥Tap板牙扳手diestock丝锥扳手tapwrench钩形扳手hookspanner塞尺feelergauge中心冲centerpunch扭力扳手torquewrench活动扳手adjustablespanner游标卡尺verniercaliper外径千分尺micrometerforexternaldiameter外径千分尺micrometerforinternaldiameter