北京市东城区2019届高三下学期综合练习(一)英语试卷附答案解析

1北京市东城区2018—2019学年度第二学期高三综合练习（一）英语试题本试卷共10页，共120分。考试时长100分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分,共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。ATonsofwasteisbeingleftonMountQomolangmabya___1___(grow)numberofvisitors,whichbothersmanypeople.Ateamwilldealwiththetask___2___theclimbingseasonendsthisMay,bywhichtimetherewillbefewervisitors.Garbage___3___(collect)onQomolangmarequirestwotothreeyearsoftraining,accordingtoCeringDandar,amountaineerandguide.【答案】1.growing2.when/after3.collection【解析】这是一篇说明文。讲述了珠穆拉玛峰上随着游客增多而带来的成吨的垃圾困扰了许多人。【1题详解】考查形容词。句意：越来越多的游客在珠穆朗玛峰上留下了大量的垃圾，这让很多人感到困扰。number为名词，需要形容词修饰，故填growing。【2题详解】考查连词。句意：一个团队将在今年5月登山季节结束后处理这项任务。表示“在五月登山季节结束之后”应用after；也可以填when，表示“当五月登山季节结束时”，引导时间状语从句。【3题详解】考查名词。句意：登山运动员兼导游CeringDandar表示，珠峰上的垃圾收集工作需要两到三年的培训。此处作句子的主语，需要名词形式，且根据谓语requires为第三人称单数形式，故填单数collection。B2Foodisoneofthemostbasicandimportantdailyneeds.Itgivesusthestrengthandenergyweneed___4___(work)andplay.Foodalsoplaysaroleinoursocialinteractions.Whetherwe___5___(celebrate)importantoccasionsorjustrelaxingwithfriends,eatingisanimportantsocialpastime.Itisalsoanimportantpartofourculture.___6___aparticularpeopleliketoeatcantellusalot___7___acountry’sgeography,historyandtraditions.【答案】4.towork5.arecelebrating6.What7.about【解析】这是一篇说明文。描述了食物是最基本和最重要的日常需求之一。【4题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：它给了我们工作和玩耍所需要的力量和能量。此处不定式表目的，故填towork。【5题详解】考查动词时态。句意：不论我们是否正在庆祝重要的时刻或是和朋友休闲，饮食都是一个重要的社交娱乐。根据下文并列位于relaxing可知，本句用现在进行时表示此时此刻正在进行的动作，且主语为we，故填arecelebrating。【6题详解】考查连接词。本句为主语从句，且从句中缺少宾语，指物，故用关系代词what。【7题详解】考查介词。短语tellsb.aboutsth.“告诉某人关于某事”后跟介词about，故填about。CGoingtomuseumshasbecomeatrendythingtododuringtheholidaysinChina.ApopularchoicethisSpringFestivalwasthePalaceMuseum,___8___aspecialexhibitionwasstagedtoprovideavirtualroyalexperienceforvisitors.Theentiremuseum___9___(decorate)withnewly-restoredancientroyallanternsandspringcouplets,includingasetoftheChinesecharacter“Fu”___10___(write)byfiveQingDynastyemperors.【答案】8.where9.wasdecorated10.written【解析】这是一段说明文。讲述了在中国节假日去博物馆已经成为一件时髦的事情。【8题详解】考查连接词。本句为定语从句修饰先行词thePalaceMuseum，且先行词在从句中做地点状语，故用关系副词3where。【9题详解】考查被动语态。句意：整个博物馆用新修复的古代皇家灯笼和春联装饰。本句主语和谓语构成被动，且动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时，主语为单数，故填wasdecorated。【10题详解】考查非谓语动词。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词，故write只能做非谓语与逻辑主语构成被动关系，故用过去分词written。第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Duringmysecondyearinhighschool,Igotsickandmissedafewdays.WhenI___11___,Iwasgreetedwithtwoessaysdue,threedaysofmathandhistoryhomework,plusseveraltests.___12___Iwenthomefromschoolthatdayexhausted,Ihadtostayupreallylatetofinishthemall.Thenextdayatschool,Igotarudeawakening:I’dtotallyforgottentoprepareforthe___13___onRomeoandJuliet,whichI’dtake___14___mylunchhour!Worsestill,Ihad___15___thein-classdiscussionandallthenotes.Whenlunchcame,IwenttotheEnglishroomtofacemycertaindoom(厄运).AllIcoulddowastryto___16___onthequestionsIdidn’tknow.Asitturnedout,Ididn’tknowthemajorityofthequestions.Iwasjustabouttogive___17___whenmypencilaccidentallyfellandbroke.Standingbytheblackboardsharpeningmypencil,I___18___downandthereinfullviewlaytheanswersheetforthetest!Whatgoodfortune!Icankissgood-byetoallmy___19___offailingthetest!Myheartstartedbeating,andmybrain___20___,Yes!Readovertheanswers—quickly!Thiswasquicklyfollowedbyanothervoice,No!You’llgetcaught!Mymindturningbackandforth,Yes!No!Yes!No!…Thiswentonfortenofthe___21___secondsinmyentirelife.Finally,Idecidedtofinishthetestonmyown,without___22___!Iwassatisfiedwithmydecisionbutpretty___23___Ihadfailedthetest.ThenextdaywhenIwalkedintotheEnglishroom,mygreatjoyofhavingbeenan___24___soulchangedintoawaveofdoomasIsawmytestpaperlyingfacedownonmydesk.Iknewwhatawaitedme.IstaredatitafewsecondsbeforeIgotupthe___25___toturnitover.Youcanonlyimaginemy___26___whenIlearnedthatIhadpassedthetest!Ihaveneverinmywholelifebeensohappytoseemy___27___,aC-.Mymomsaysthevictoriesthat___28___themostcouragearewonwithin.NowIknow___29___whatshemeans.4Nownotonlycanmyconscience(良心)resteasy,butIdon’thavetoworryaboutgettingcaughtandmeetingasad___30___likeRomeoandJuliet.11.A.arrivedB.returnedC.appearedD.finished12.A.IfB.BecauseC.UntilD.Although13.A.lectureB.essayC.playD.test14.A.byB.uponC.overD.toward15.A.missedB.carriedC.lostD.dropped16.A.dependB.agreeC.guessD.improve17.A.inB.offC.outD.away18.A.wroteB.settledC.calmedD.looked19.A.boredomB.worriesC.lonelinessD.tiredness20.A.whisperedB.warnedC.persuadedD.chanted21.A.coldestB.saddestC.longestD.fastest22.A.sufferingB.checkingC.cheatingD.thinking23.A.certainB.regretfulC.annoyedD.relieved24.A.openB.honestC.optimisticD.energetic25.A.wisdomB.encouragementC.intentionD.nerve26.A.anxietyB.shockC.fearD.appreciation27.A.paperB.creditC.rateD.grade28.A.takeB.putC.findD.gain29.A.graduallyB.exactlyC.willinglyD.seemingly30.A.filmB.factC.endingD.love【答案】11.B12.D13.D14.C15.A16.C17.A18.D19.B20.A21.C22.C23.A24.B25.D26.B27.D28.A29.B30.C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者由于生病缺席了课业，结果忘了准备一次测试，只能靠猜答案来做题。在考试途中作者的笔偶然摔断了，因此在黑板旁边削笔时发现可以看到答案，因此内心挣扎要不要靠作弊来通过考试。结果作者还是诚实地完成了测试，本以为一定会不及格，结果得到了C-的故事。【11题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.arrived到达；B.