人教版八年级英语上册-unit6-语法+知识点

Unit6I’mgoingtostudycomputerscience.否定结构：benotgoingtodo/willnotdozaq(won’t)will与begoingto两者都表示将来要做的动作，但还是有区别的。一、begoingto表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情，will表示的将来时间则较远一些。如：Wearegoingtotakeawalktonight.Iwillvisityouinamonth.二、在表示将来发生的事情时，begoingto用于主观判断，will则多用于客观的情况。如：Heisgoingtodie.他就要死了。Shewillbethirteenyearsold.他就快13岁了。三、begoingto含有“打算，准备”的意思，而will则没有这个意思，如：TomorrowIamgoingtowakeupat7:00.EveryonewilllearnEnglish.四、在有条件从句的主句中，主句中一般不用begoingto,而多用will.如：Ifhecomes,I'lltellyou.如果他来了我会告诉你。五、可表示说话人按照他的意图将要发生或进行的动作时，各有侧重：若事先计划或考虑，而是在说话的当时临时想到的意图或临时作出的决定时，则要用will。若表示经过事先考虑好的意图时，要用begoingto。例如：I’llanswerthetelephone.（事先没经过考虑）I’mgoingtomeethimattherailwaystation.（已经过考虑）六、在正式的通知（如新闻媒体公布的官方消息，气象预报等）中用will。例如：Ji’anwillbecloudywiththetemperaturefromeighteentotwenty-eight.(吉安阴，气温十八到二十八摄氏度。)七、表示有迹象表明要发生某事，只用begoingto，不用will。例如：Lookattheclouds,it’sgoingtoberain.1.词性(1)动词后加erlisten→listener听众read→reader读者teach→teacher教师clean→cleaner清洁工sing→singer歌手work→worker工人farm→farmer农夫own→owner主人play→player运动员wait→waiter服务员(2)以e结尾的加rwrite→writer作家dance→dancer舞蹈演员drive→driver驾驶员(3)在动词后加orvisit→visitor参观者invent→inventor发明者act→actor男演员①LiNaisanoutstandingtennise_____________.(play)②These_________________(read)areallfromXi’an,Shangxi.2.violin→violinist;piano→pianist【拓展】-ist是一个名词后缀，加在某些名词或动词后面，可用来表示“从事某种职业的人“piano→pianistscience→scientistart→artist艺术家①Whydoyouwanttobea________________(science)?②Mybrotherlikesmathverymuch.Hewantstobea___whenhegrowsup.A.pianoB.driverC.pilotD.scientist3.moveto+地点搬到某地4.seethedoctor看医生atthedoctor’s在诊所5.besureabout确信makesure确保(1)besure+about/of+名词、代词或动名词对……有把握Sheissureofsuccess.她确信会成功。(2)besuretodosth务必；确信I’msuretogowithyou.我确信和你一起去(3)besure+that从句Wearesurethatyoucanmakegreatprogressthisterm.(4)▲makesure+that从句Makesurethatyoucanfindoutthetruthsoon.确保你能很找出真相。▲makesuretodosth务必干„„▲makesureofsb./sth弄清楚某人/事()①Pleasecheckyourpaperto_______therearenomistakesA.thinkofB.tryoutC.findoutD.makesure()②Youneedtotakenotesatthemeetingsomakesure___apenandsomepaperwithyou.A.bringB.bringingC.tobringD.notbring5.Keepondoingsth继续做某事(指经过一段时间的间隙后“继续做同一件事”)keepsb.doingsth使某人处于某种状态keepsb/sthfromdoingsth阻止某人做某事拓展：goon继续goondoingsth/goontodosth6.noteveryone并不是每个人⑴everyone作不定代词时视为第三人称单数，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。Noteveryonelikesthemovie“LostinThailand”.⑵部分否定：当not与all,every,both等连用时，表示部分否定，not可放在这些词之前，也可放在句中。Notallofthemknowtheanswer.⑶全部否定：如：nonenoone;no;neitherNoneofthemknowtheanswer.()Noteveryone_______here.A.isB.areC.am7.send[send]v邮寄，发送→sent→sentsendsb.Sth=sendsthtosb.送某人某物give(pass/show/sell)sb.sth=give(pass/show/sell)sthtosb.sendfor派人去请sendup发射；sendoff寄出；为……送行sendout派遣；发出()①Pleasesend____bestwishestoMary.A.IB.meC.myD.mine()②OnJune16,2012,China_____itsShenzhouIXspaceship.A.setoutB.setoffC.sentupD.sentout8.grow→grew→grownv(1)生长，成长(2)种植()②Thefarmerlikes_____vegetablesinhisgarden,andtheyall____well.A.growing;growupB.togrow;growupC.growing;growD.togrowgrows9.【词形变换】actv表演→actorn男演员→actressn女演员takeactinglessons上表演课【注】takesinginglessons上声乐课take…lessons=have…lessons上……课①LiLonglovesartandwantstobean___________(act)inthefuture②—Aretheygoingtotake________________(act)lessons?—No,theyaren’t.10.worryv担心→worriedadj.焦急的worryabout=beworriedabout为……担心①Don’tbe_________(worry).You’llcatchupwithothers.()②Don’t____aboutthingssomuch.Itwillmakeyoustressedout.A.afraidB.worryC.worriedD.terrified11.(1)tryon试穿(2)trytodosth努力做某事【侧重尽力做】(3)trydoingsth试图做某事【侧重尝试做】(4)tryone’sbesttodosth=doone’sbesttodosth尽某人最大努力做某事SectionB1.resolutionn决心，决定makearesolution下决心NewYear’sresolution新年决心()②—What’syourNewYear’s_______?—I’mgoingtoeatmorevegetables.A.ideaB.resolutionC.jobD.subjecthavetodowith关于;与„„有关系havenothingtodowith与……没有关系()Iheardyou____todowiththeperson.A.haveB.havenothingC.hadD.hasnothing2.Soundsinteresting.【解析】soundv听起来（系动词，后跟形容词做表语）soundlike+名词/代词听起来像①Thatpieceofmusic________(sound)verybeautiful()②Hisplan____great.A.soundB.soundslikeC.soundsD.sounding【拓展】soundn声音（指自然界中的一切声音）noisen噪音，（指不悦耳的一切吵闹声）voicen说话声（指人的声音及鸟叫声）3.beginv计划→beginning[bɪɡɪnɪŋ]n开头，开端atthebeginningof在……开始时frombeginningtoend从头至尾begintodo/doingsth开始做某事beginwith以……开始()Weusuallymakeaplanforwork____everyterm.A.inthebeginningofB.atthebeginningofC.onthestartofD.inthestartof()_____thebeginning____thisterm,hemadearesolution.A.FromonB.At;ofC.FromwithD.On;of4.able能够beableto能够做某事=can表示有能力做某事，后接动词原形。beableto侧重通过努力而获得的能力can一般现在时或一般过去时表示有能力做某事5.promisetodosth允诺做某事；答应做某事Hepromisestohelpus.makeapromise许下诺言keepone’spromise遵守承诺makepromisestosb.向某人作出承诺6.improvev改进，改善=makebettersbimprovesth/sb.某人提高了improveoneself提供自己sth+improves某物提高了8.Sometimestheresolutionsmaybetoodifficulttokeep.【解析】too…to…太….而不能….too+adj./adv原级+todosth(1)too„to中间用形容词或副词原形。(2)当主语是物时，todo后不再加宾语Theboxistooheaytocarry.此结构也可换成“not„enoughtodo„”“不够„„可以„„”和“so…that…”“如此„„以至于„„”so后跟adj./adv.that后跟从句。Thechildistooyoung(go)toschool.=Thechildisnotoldenough(go)toschool=Thechildissoyoungthatshecan’tgotoschool.()①Theyare____tired____on.A.too;towalkB.too;walkingC.can’ttoworkD.verytowalk()②–Thisboxis___heavyformetocarry.Canyouhelpme?—Certainly.A.soB.muchC.veryD.too()③Lucyisn’toldenoughtocarrythebox