直接引语和间接引语课件

Grammar直接引语和间接引语DirectandIndirectSpeechTheshoesaretoobigforme.Whatdidhesay?Hesaidtheshoesweretoobigforhim.Grammar直接引语和间接引语DirectandIndirectSpeech基本概念直接引述别人的原话。通常都用引号“”括起来。用自己的话把别人的话转述出来。间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个宾语从句。直接引语间接引语直接引语和间接引语Shesaidshehadbeentomanycountries.Shesaidshewouldcallonyouthenextday.Iamgoodatdancing.IvisitedtheGreatWallyesterday.ShesaidthatshehadvisitedtheGreatWallthedaybefore.Shesaidthatshewasgoodatdancing.结论一直接引语是陈述句,变为间接引语时用连词that(that常可省略)引导宾语从句.从句中的人称,时态,指示代词,时间状语,地点状语等相应变化.Doyoulikeflowers?Sheaskedmewhether/ifIlikedflowers.Whereareyougoingforyourholiday?SheaskedmewhereIwasgoingformyholiday.结论二直接引语是疑问句，变间接引语时，要从疑问语序变为陈述语序。直接引语是一般疑问句,变为间接引语时,用连词if或whether连接。直接引语是特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时,仍用原来的疑问词作连词来引导。5.注意地点的变化在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化1.注意时态的变化2.注意人称变化。3.注意指示代词的变化4.注意时间的变化6.注意个别趋向动词的变化口诀说明直接引语间接引语1、人称的变化一随主二随宾第三人称不变引号内的第一人称变间引后与主句主语的人称保持一致引号内的第二人称变间引后与主句宾语的人称保持一致引号内的第三人称在变间引后人称不变Shesaid,“IlikeTennis.”Shesaidthatshelikedtennis.HesaidtoLily,“youmustgetupearly.”HetoldLilythatshemustgetupearly.Shesaidtome,“Theywanttohelphim.”Shetoldmethattheywantedtohelphim.：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新1.Tomsaidtome,“Ihaveleftmybookinyourroom.”→Tomtold___that__hadleft____bookin____room.2.Marysaidtome,“Theboycanlookafterhimself”→Marytoldmethat_____couldlookafter______.mehehismytheboyhimself一主二宾三不变时态的变化Jimsays,“I’vereadTom’sbook.”Jimsays(that)hehasreadTom’sbook.Hewillsay,“Theboywaslazy.”Hewilltellyouthattheboywaslazy.直接引语的引述动词若为现在时态或将来时态，直接引语变为间接引语时，时态可保持不变。Hetoldme,“Iknowhim.”Hetoldmethatheknewhim.“Itookithomewithme,”shesaid.Shesaidshehadtakenithomewithher.Hesaid,“IwillbeinParisonMonday.HesaidhewouldbeinParisonMonday.如果直接引语的引述动词若为过去时态，直接引语变为间接引语时，宾语从句的时态要向过去推一个时态。直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时一般过去时过去完成时现在完成时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时Theteachersaid,“Thesunisbiggerthantheearth.”Theteachersaidthatthesunisbiggerthantheearth.特殊:直接引语若是客观真理,变为间接引语时,时态不变.2、时态的变化1)Shesaidtome,“YouspeakEnglishbetterthanme.”￫ShetoldmethatIspokeEnglishbetterthanher.2)Nancysaid,“I’llcallyouagainlater.”￫Nancysaidthatshewouldcallmeagainlater.一般现在时￫一般过去时一般将来时￫过去将来时3)Hesaid,“I’mmakingaphonecall.”￫Hesaidthathewasmakingaphonecall.现在进行时￫过去进行时4)Hesaid,“Itookithomewithme.”￫Hesaidthathehadtakenithomewithhim.Shesaid,“Iwasbornin1995.”Shesaidthatshewasbornin1995.一般过去时￫过去完成时一般过去时如有具体时间状语时，可以不变。5)Paulsaid,“Ourteamhaswonthematch.”￫Paulsaidthattheirteamhadwonthematch.现在完成时￫过去完成时Hesaid,“Theearthgoesaroundthesun.”Hesaidthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.直接引语如果是客观真理,变为间接引语时,时态不变.直接引语间接引语指示代词时间状语地点状语方向性动词this,that,thesethosenow,then,todaythatdaythisweekthatweekyesterdaythedaybeforelastweektheweekbeforefourdaysagofourdaysbeforethedaybeforeyesterdaytwodaysbeforetomorrowthenextdaynextmonththenextmonthheretherecome,go,bringtake、其他特殊变化3“Iamgoingtoschoolnow.”hesaid.Hesaidthathewasgoingtoschool_____.“TomwillleaveforLondontomorrow.”saidMum.MumsaidthatTomwouldleaveforLondon__________.thenthenextdayHesaid,“Iarrivedthismorning.￫Hesaidhehadarrived________morning.Shesaid,“I’llcomehereagaintonight.”￫Shesaidshewould________againthatnight.thatgothere注：如直接引语要变为间接引语，但如转述发生在当天、当地的事，这些词不必改变。Thismorninghesaid,“He’llcomeheretomorrow.”→Thismorninghesaidthathewould/willcomeheretomorrow.注意事项1)人称2)时态3)相应的时间地点状语4)标点符号5)大小写6)问号改为句号7)语序---疑问改陈述8)宾语从句由什么引出1.Theteachersaid，“Don’tbelate，Mary.”Theteachertold____.A.MarynottobelateB.MarytobenotlateC.MaryarenotlateD.nottobelate2.Heaskedher，“Whereareyougoing?”Heaskedher____.A.wheresheweregoingB.whereshewasgoingtoC.whereshewasgoingD.wheresheisgoing巩固提高3.Theladysaid，“Ishallgothereontime.”Theladysaidthat____.A.shewouldcomethereontimeB.shewouldcomehereontimeC.shewouldgothereontimeD.hewouldgothereontime4.Hesaidtome，“Iwrotetomyfatheryesterday.”Hetoldmehehadwrittentohisfather____.A.theyesterdayB.beforetodayC.thedaybeforeD.thenextday5.Theteacherasked，“Areyouwaitingforthebus?”Theteacherasked____forthebus.A.ifIwaswaitingB.wasIwaitingC.youarewaitingD.Iwaswaiting6.Theprofessorsaidthatlight____fasterthansound.A.travelsB.traveledC.travelD.traveled7.Mymotheraskedmetoshowmyhomeworktoher.Mymothersaidtome，“Show____homework.”A.hermyB.meyourC.heryourD.mehis8.It’shardformetoimaginewhatIwouldbedoingtodayifI______inlove,attheageofseven,withtheMelindaCoxLibraryinmyhometown.A.wouldn’thavefallenB.hadnotfallenC.shouldfallD.weretofall9.Iwonderhowhe____thattotheteacher.A.daretosayB.daresayingC.notdaresayD.daredsay