非谓语动词--动名词

.一、动名词做主语1、Learningnewwordsisveryusefultome.学习生词对我来说很有用。2、Takingexerciseeverymorninghelpsmakeonehealthy.每天早晨做运动有助于人的健康。注意1）动名词做主语往往表示经常性，习惯性，或者过去的的动作;动名词做主语，谓语动词用单数。动名词的句法功能：.3、Itisnouse______________像这样谈话没有用..talkinglikethis4、It’sawasteoftime________________.和他辩论是浪费时间arguingwithhim注意2）在itisnouse/good/useless/awasteoftime这种句式中，常用it作形式主语，后接动名词做真正的主语。.二、动名词做宾语1.Youcanhardlyimaginelosingsuchaneasyexam.2.Noonecanavoidbeinginfluencedbyone’ssurroundings.3.Heenjoyslisteningtoviolinmusic,playingmah-jong,swimmingandreading以下动词必须接动名词做宾语imagine/consider/delay/mind/miss/enjoy/dislike/admit/practice/suggest/keep/advise/allow/avoid/appreciate/risk/finish/escape/postpone+doing.b.后接动名词的一些词组2)can’tstand/can’thelp/feellike/giveup/putoff+doing...3)insteadof/lookforwardto/objectto/keepon/insiston/stickto+doing...4)havedifficulty/trouble/ahardtime(in)+doing...5)bebusy(in)/wastetime(in)/losetime(in)+doing...6)Howabout/Whatabout+doing...7)Thereisnogood/use/point(in)+doing...8)cannothelpdoing(情不自禁做/无意做....)cannothelptodosth(不能帮助做...).1.Icouldnothelp____________(overhear无意听到)whatyouweresaying.2.Ican’thelp__________(clean)thehousebecauseI’mbusypreparingthetest.(to)cleanoverhearing.c.含有介词的短语动词,后接-ingcontributetolookforwardto…payattentionto…be/getusedto…leadto…devoteoneselfto…stickto…objectto…盼望注意习惯于导致，通向致力于坚持反对对…作出贡献.D.动词不定式和动名词都可作宾语，是否有区别呢？a.有些区别不大，二者可以互换。如:like/love/prefer//start/begin/hate/continueb.有些区别很大，如:regret/forget/remembertodo:抱歉\忘记\记住要做某事regret\forget\rememberdoing:后悔\忘记\记住做了某事trytodo:努力做某事trydoing：尝试做某事meantodo:打算做某事meandoing:意味着做某事stoptodo:停下来做某事stopdoing:停止做某事goontodo:继续做另一件事goondoing:继续做同一件事.1)Wavingyourhandmeans________(say)goodbyeinChina.2)Ididn’tmean________(hurt)youbysayingthat.3)Iregret__________(inform)youthatyouhavefailedtheexam.4)Iregret_______(say)suchstupidwordsatthemeetingyesterday.5)Pleaseremember_______(hand)inyourhomeworktomorrow.sayingtohurttoinformpracticetohandsaying.6)Heremembered______(lock)thedoor,soHewasnotworried.7)Heforgot_____(tell)methenews.SoIdidn’tknow.8)Heforgot_______(tell)methenews.Hetoldmeagain.9)Whenhesawme,hestopped_______(say)hellotome.10)Whenhesawhismother,thebabystopped______(cry).totelllockingtosaytellingcrying.11.Thewifedoesn’tallow________(smoke)inherhouse.Shedoesn’tallowherhusband______(smoke)inherhouse.12.--Doyoufeellike________(walk)thereorshallwetakeabus?--Sincethereisn’tmuchtimeleft,we’dlike_________(take)ataxismokingtosmokewalkingtotake切记：allow/forbide/permit接动名词作宾语，但是要接不定式作宾语补足语.2）动名词的复合结构：逻辑主语+动名词结构，在句中可作主宾表。如1）Tom’s/Hisbeinglateagainmadehisteacherveryangry.作主语，可用名词所有格和形容词性的物主代词2）WouldyoumindTom/Tom’s/my/mesmokinghere?作宾语，可用名词所有格，普通格，形容词性的物主代词以及宾格.1.Iamreallysorryfor______beingsorudetothatoldladdy.It'ssoterribleforusstudents.A.meB.yourC.myD.Tom's2.______arrivingearlymadeusveryhappy.A.TomB.YoursC.YourD.Tom'sA/B/C/DC/D.Seeingisbelieving.MyjobisteachingEnglishinaSeniorSchoolMyjobistohelpthepatientLearningEnglishis(very)interesting.Everybodywasverytired3.动名词作表语动名词作表语，解释主语的内容，主表可互换。不定式作表语,解释主语的义务职责，主表可互换。现在分词作表语，表示主语的性质特性，主表不可互换。.4.动名词作定语Thisismysleepingbag.这是我的睡袋。Thereisaswimmingpooloverthere。那边有一座游泳池。Canyouseeaflyingbirdinthesky?你能看见天上的飞鸟吗？注意：动名词作定语，表示事物的用途和功能现在分词作定语，表示事物的动作和状态.有些动词既可接动名词作宾语，又可接不定式作宾补如:advise/allow/forbid/permit/recommend+doingsth.advise/allow/forbid/permit/recommend+sb/sth+todosth.1）Ourschooldoesn'tallow允许________(smoke)atschool.Inotherwords,itdoesn'tallowus__________(smoke)atschool.2）Iwouldratherrecommend推荐your__________(stay)withustogetherforthenight.2）Iwouldratherrecommendyou__________(stay)withustogetherforthenight.smokingtosmoketostaystaying.动名词：主动式被动式一般式：doing→beingdone↓↓完成式：havingdone→havingbeendone现在分词：主动式被动式一般式：doing→beingdone↓↓完成式：Havingdone→havingbeendone.小试牛刀：1.Everybodydislike___________(scold责备).2.Ireallyregretted__________________(do)suchstupidthings.3.Wearepleasedwiththetask's____________(finish)ontime.4.Wearealllookingforwardto_____(see)yousoon.beingscoldedhavingdonehavingbeenfinishedseeing切记：主动式表主动，被动式表被动；一般式表示动作在主句的谓语动作同时或之后发生完成式表示动作在主句的谓语动作之前发生.判断下列动名词的作什么成分：WatchingTVtoomuchisbadforyoureyesIcan’tstandlisteningtoyourboringstories.MyjobisteachingEnglish.Theswimmingpoolismeantforusstudents.动名词作主语动名词作宾语动名词作表语动名词作定语.1.Tofindabestfriendisdifficult.2.Ineedtosleepfor8hourseverynight.3.Iaskedhimtocomeover.4.Ihaveanimportantmeetingtoattend.5.Hisaimwastocheermeup.6.Youneedtoapologizequicklytoavoidlosingagoodfriend.主语宾语宾补定语表语目的状语一、判断下列句子划线部分是什么成分.二、用所给的动词的恰当形式填空1.__________(learn)aforeignlanguageisamustforusteenagers.2.Asanoldsayinggoes,_____(see)istobelieve.3.Itisagreatpleasureforus___________(meet)againaftersomanyyears'separation分离.4.Weallfindithard__________(get)alongwellwithhim.5.Ourdutyis___________(study)hardatschool.6.Mysisteroffered_______(help)mewithmyhomework.7.Thisquestionisveryeasy_________(solve)8.---CanIsmokehere?---Sorry,wedoyn'tallowanybody_____(smoke)9.____(catch)thefirsttrain,wegotupveryearly.LearningtoseetomeettogettostudytohelptosmoketosolveTocatch.三、改正下列句子中的错误1.Collectstampsisreallyagoodhobby.2.Itisnouse/nogoodarguewithhimovert