research-proposal-范本

AA大学“国家建设高水平大学公派研究生项目”研修计划ResearchPlanforCSCScholarshipProgram,AA姓名/NameXxxxxxxxx学号/StudentIDxxxxxx性别/GenderMale出生年月日/DateofbirthXxxxxxxx所在学院/CollegeXxxxxxxxxxx所学专业/MajorXxxxxxxxxx国内导师/DomesticsupervisorXxxxxxxx留学国别/HostingforeigncountryXxxxx留学院校/HostingforeigninstitutionXxxxxxxx留学院系/HostingfacultyordepartmentXxxxxxxxx国外导师/HostingforeignsupervisorXxxxxx学习期限/Durationofstudyxxxmonths(fromxxxxxtoxxxxx)研究课题名称ResearchTitle:Minimizationofenergyrequirementforproducingsolidfuelfromsewagesludgeemployinghydrothermaltreatment科研课题背景介绍ResearchBackground:InChina,over1.58×107tonsofdewateredsewagesludge,with80%watercontent,wasgeneratedfromwastewatertreatmentplantin2008.About60%oftheorganicsubstances,removedduringthewastewatertreatmentprocess,becomeconcentratedassludge.Traditionaldisposalmethodsusedbymunicipalsolidwastetreatmentfacilities,includinglandfills,composting,andincineration,areunsuitableforsludgedisposalbecauseofitshighmoisturecontent.FewpropersludgetreatmentsordisposalmethodsarecurrentlyappliedinChina.Thetreatmentanddisposalofsewagesludgearesignificantenvironmentalproblemsandhavethereforebecomeamajorfocusofcurrentenvironmentalprotectionpolicies.Sludgeincinerationhasreceivedworldwideattentionasaneffectiveapproachtoreducethequantityandtoxicityofsludge.InJapan,mostofburnablewastesareincinerated.However,directsludgeincinerationisnotcost-efficientandcreatesunstableburningwhichgenerateslargeamountsofgaseouspollutants.Currently,bio-energyisanexcellentenergyrecyclingtechnologywithbrightprospect,givenitsabilitytoturnrefuseintoenergy.Assuch,inrecentyearsrefuse-derivedfuel(RDF)technologyhasbecomearefuseprocessingtechnologyadoptedbyadvancednationsinEurope,America,andJapanetc.InChina,sewagesludgewasmixedwithauxiliaryfuels,sulfur-fixatingagents,andpreservatives.Theblendsweregranulatedgeneratingsludge-derivedfuel(traditionalSDF,T-SDF).MostresearchersfocusedmainlyontheT-SDFtechnologyandhavemadeimportantcontributiontounderstandthecombustioncharacteristicsofT-SDF.However,allthesetechnologiesreliedmainlyonaddingalargenumberofcoals(about50%)toimprovetheheatvalueandlowerthemoisturecontentoffuels.TheheatvalueofT-SDFdependsmerelyonthequantityandproportionofauxiliaryfuels,notthereductionofwatercontentofsludge.Insomeextent,thisprocessrealizessludgerecyclingandharmlesstreatment.However,thevolumeandweightofT-SDFarealsoincreased,resultinginincreaseofoperatingcost.Moreover,thesmallproportion(about~40%)ofsludgeintheT-SDFleadstoalowercapacitythatcannotmeettheneedsofsludgetreatment.Therefore,itisurgentforustofindacost-effectiveandenergy-savingwaytorealizesludgerecycling,harmlesstreatmentandreduction.Thecoreissuetoproducesolidfuelfromsewagesludgeishowtoefficientlyremovethewaterfromsludge.Theobjectofthisprojectistominimizetheenergyrequirementsforproducingcost-effectiveandapplicablesolidfuelfromsewagesludge.Hydrothermaltreatment(orthermalhydrolysis)isaprocessinwhichthesludgeisheatedasanaqueousphasetotemperatures(normally)varyingbetween120andabout400°C.Thehydrothermaltreatmentprocessaimstodisintegratethesludgeandresultinaformationandaccumulationofdissolvedproducts.Thismakesitpossibletorecoverandrecycleusefulresourcesfromthesludge,suchasvolatilefattyacids,phosphorouscompounds,organiccompoundsforenhancedanaerobicbiogasproduction,andcoagulants.Afterhydrothermaltreatment,thesludgeandotherwastebiomasscanbedehydratedbymechanicalmethodsanddriedundernaturalcircumstanceseasily,usedassubstitutedfuelwhichwecalleditnovelsludge-derivedfuel(N-SDF)inthisresearch.Hisresearchwillstudytheinfluenceofhydrothermalconditionsonnaturaldryingcharacteristicsofsewagesludgeandotherwastebiomass,thedryingmechanismsofhydrothermaltreatmentsludgeandwastebiomass.Thisresearchwillnotonlydrivethedevelopmentofsludgetreatmenttechnologiesbutalsolendahandtootherwastebiomasstreatment.Inpreviousstudies,wefoundthattheN-SDFproducedfromsewagesludgebyemployingthehydrothermaltreatmentiseasierwhendryingundernaturalcircumstances.After24hnaturaldrying,about50%waterwasremoved.Comparingwithrawsludge,thedryingisfaster.Obviously,theheatvalueofN-SDFcanbeimprovedfurther,whichincreasethestabilityofcombustion.However,somefactorsarestillunclearandneededtobestudiedfurther,limitingitspopularizationandapplications.Therefore,itisnecessarytoconductthisresearch.xxxxxxxxisdevelopingandcommercializingtotaltechnologiestoconvertunutilizedresourcessuchassolidwastesandbiomassintohighvalueaddedenergyresources(solidfuel,gaseousfuel,liquidfuelandelectricpower)bycombiningvarioustechnologieswhichhavebeenjointlydevelopedwithmanycompanies.WehavedonemanyworkandmadesomeprogressinthefieldofWaste-to-Energyinxxxxxxx.Becauseofouroutstandingcontributionstothedevelopmentofwaste-to-energytechnologies,Withtheco-advisingofProf.xxxandI,thisprojectcanbefinishedontime.References:Wang,W.,Luo,Y.X.,Qiao,W.2010.PossibleSolutionsforsludgedewateringinChina.Front.Environ.Sci.Engin.China,1:102-107.Doi:10.1007/s11783-010-001-z.Jiang,J.G.,Du,X.J.,Yang,S.H.2010.Analysisofthecombustionofsewagesludge-derivedfuelbyathermogravimetricmethodinChina.WasteMa