2021年体育生高考高频单词讲解1

2021年体育生高考高频单词讲解（一）1.aboveadv.在上面（斜上方）（温度高于/低于用above/below）MikelivessixflooraboveTom.Theplaneisflyingabovetheclouds.飞机在云彩上飞行。It’sveryhottoday.Thetemperaturemaybeabove30C.2.across穿过；在另一边，在对面【区分】cross,across,throughcross(v.)穿过，横过,从物体表面横穿cross=go/walkacrossacross(prep)穿过，横过；在……对面swimacrossthrough指从物体内部穿过over指从物体上方越过crosstheroad＝go/walkacrosstheroad穿过马路through的几组搭配：sunshinethroughwindow,riverthroughforest/city,carthroughtunnel（隧道），peoplethroughgate/doorLookrightandleftbeforeyoucrossthestreet.Look!Theyarewalkingacrosstheroad.Whatcanyouseeacrosstheriver?Thelittleboyswamacrossthebigriverintheend.Theelephantcan’tgothroughthedoor.3.activeadj.积极的activelyadj.积极地4.adviceum.忠告，建议someadvice一些建议advisev.建议advisesb.todosth.建议某人做某事Iadvisedhimtostayathome.【区分】suggestv.建议suggestioncn.somesuggestions一些建议suggeststh.tosb.向某人提议/建议suggestdoingsth.提议/建议做某事Shesuggestsdifferentcoulourstodifferentpeople.Isuggestgoinghomeatonce.5.afraidadj.害怕；担心beafraidtodosth.害怕去做某事（主观害怕不敢做某事）beafraidofsth./doingsth.害怕某事/做某事（害怕doing产生的结果）beafraidthat从句I’mafraidnot.恐怕不是这样。Thegirlisnotafraidofdogsanymore.这个女孩再也不害怕狗了。Iamafraidofbreakingmyglasses.IamafraidtogooutaloneatnightI’mafraid(that)I’llbelate.6.againstprep.反对；靠着，紧靠；碰，撞crashagainst撞上beagainstdoingsth.反对做某事Hisbikecrashedagainsttherock,sohehurthisleg.Heisstandingagainstatalltree.Manypeopleareagainstbuildingthezoo.7.agreev.同意agreewith同意某人的观点/某人所说的话agreewithsb./idea/decisionagreeon在某方面取得一致意见agreeto同意某一计划，建议，安排等（plan,suggestion）Herparentsbothagreewithherdecision.Idon’tagreewiththemonthispoint.Ishegoingtoagreetooursuggestion?Icouldn'tagreemore.我非常同意。8.aimn.瞄准；目标，目的v.瞄准，对准takeaimat瞄准withtheaimof以…为目标aimsth.at…瞄准，目的在于beaimedat(doing)sth.旨在，目的在于…Hetookcarefulaimandfiredattherabbit.他仔细瞄准,然后向兔子开枪射击.Shevisitedtheschoolwiththeaimofseeingthelibrary.9.allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事，被动：sbbeallowedtodosth.某人被允许做某事allowdoingsth.允许做某事，无被动Theyallowedsmokinginthisroomonly.Wearenotallowedtodowhatwelike.10.appear(vi.)出现；显得；好像反disappear消失Thekidswerecrazywhenthefilmstarappeared.11.arguev.辩论；表明argumentn.争论，争吵arguewithsb.about/oversth.与某人争论某事arguefor/againststh.为支持/反对某事而辩论arguesb.into/outofdoingsth.说服某人做/不做某事beyondargument无需争论Wearguedherintojoiningus.Heraccentarguesthatshewasbornabroad.她的口音表明她出生在国外。Iwon'targueaboutthematter.我不会争论这件事。12.arrivevi.到达，来到arriveat+小地方（车站等）in+大地方（城市，国家等）到达某地=getto/reach+地点当地点为adv.(here,there,home)时，要省略in,at,to，且不能用reachget/arrivehere(√)reachhere(×)IttookusalongtimetoreachXinjiang.TheplanewillarriveinShanghaiat8:00ontheeveningofSeptember10.Whenthenewsarrived,weallbecameexcited.13.attend参加，出席,宾语通常是meeting,class,lesson,school等attendlessons上课attendthemeeting出席会议Didyouattendthemeetingyesterday?14.attractvt.吸引，引起15.attentionn.注意attractone’sattention引起某人的注意16.payattentionto注意（to是介词，后加doing）Hepaidattentiontomakinglittlenoise.WhatshouldIpayattentionto(improve)myEnglish?17.borrow借来borrowsth.fromsb./sp.从某人/某处借来某物lend借出lendsb.sth.=lendsth.tosb.把某物借给某人keep借用一段时间HowlongcanIkeepthebook?Youcanborrowtwobooksfromthelibrary,andyoucankeepthemfortwoweeks,butyoucan’tlendthemtoothers.18.breathev.呼吸breathn.呼吸holdone’sbreath屏住气，不出气breatheheavily=beoutofbreath气喘吁吁It’stimetohavearest.Let’sgooutforabreathoffreshair.Followme,guys!Closeyoureyes,openyourarmsandbreathedeeply.19.caren.小心，谨慎；注意v.关心，介意carefor喜欢，想要takecareof=lookafter照顾，照看Idon'tmuchcareforthatsortofman.我不太喜欢那种人。carefuladj.小心的，认真的carefullyadv.小心地，认真地carelessadj.粗心的carelessly粗心地Amyiscareful.Shealwayslistenscarefullytotheteachersinclass.Themorecarefulyouare,thefewermistakesyouwillmake.20.carryvt.运用，搬运，携带carryon继续，开展carryondoingsth.继续做某事carryout实现；执行；贯彻，常接plan,order,promise等carryoutaplan执行计划carryoutapromise履行诺言21.casen.情形；诉讼；病例inthis/thatcase既然这样/那样that’snotthecase.情况并非如此incase如果，万一；以防，以备incaseof如果，万一IncaseIamabsent,someonewilltakemyplace.I’mtakinganumbrellaincaseitrains.Bequietincaseyouwakethebaby.Incaseoffire,allexitsmustbekeptclear.万一发生火灾，所有的出口必修保持畅通无阻。22.catchvt.捉住，抓住；接住；赶上（车辆）；患（病）catchupwith赶上，超过catchsb.doingsth.撞见某人正在做某事catchon学会；理解；流行We'lldoourbesttocatchupwiththeadvancedworldlevels.我们将努力赶上世界先进水平.Thenewdancequicklycaughton.这套新舞蹈很快流行了起来。Beingaforeigner,hedidn’tcatchontothejoke.caught常作表语，位于系动词之后，“遭遇到…，陷入…之中”becaughtin遭遇（通常是不好的事）becaughtinatrafficjam碰上了交通堵塞Wewerecaughtinheavyrainonthehalfway.在半路上我们遇到了大雨。23.causevt.使发生；引起；促使n.原因，理由；事业causesb.todosth.使某人做某事thecauseof……的原因thecauseofeducation教育事业Smokingcancauselungcancer.Policeareinvestigatingthecausesoftheexplosion.警方正在调查爆炸的原因。Sheiswillingtodonatemoneytoaworthycause.她愿为高尚的事业捐款。24．chancen.机会；可能性chancetodosth.有机会/可能做某事ofdoingsth.bychance=byaccident偶然的Thechancesarethat…=Itislikelythat…很可能Isthereanychanceofgettingticketsfortonight'sperformance?有可能得到今晚演出的票吗?Imetherquitebychance.我遇见她完全是偶然的。25.clearadj.清楚的，清晰的，明亮的v.使清澈，使清楚；（天）变晴；（烟雾）消散；清除clearup(天气)转晴，放晴；露出喜悦的心情；清理；收拾；消除（误会，疑虑）makeitclearthat清楚表明，讲清楚It'sverylikelytoclearupbyandby.很可能不久要放晴了。Theystayedbehindafterthepartytohelpclearup聚会结束之后，他们留下来帮助收拾东西。Herfaceclearedupasshereadtheletter.Weshouldtryhardtounderstandeachotherandclearupmisunderstanding.26.close(adj)亲密的，亲近的；靠近的becloseto靠近(v)