《英语演讲》教案课程

IntroductionWhatispublicspeaking?•Publicspeaking,asitsnameimplies,isawayofmakingyourideaspublic–ofsharingthemwithotherpeopleandofinfluencingotherpeople.ABriefIntroductiontopublicspeakingI.HowtoPrepareaSpeech•StatingYourObjectives：◇inform◇train◇persuade◇sell•AnalyzingYourAudienceWhattolearnabouttheaudience?Theiropinionsandlevelsofpriorknowledgeofyoursubject;theirlikelybias,bothpersonalandprofessionalhowdoyoulearnit?Askthepersonwhohasinvitedyoutospeak.Findoutwhattheoccasionisandifthereisaprogramtheme.•ChoosingaSpeechTopicandtheSpeechThemeSixCriteria1.Thetopicshouldbeinterestingtoyou.2.Itshouldbeinterestingtoyouraudienceoratleastbecapableofbeingmadeinterestingtothem.3.Itshouldbeappropriatetothesituation.4.Itshouldbeappropriatetothetimeavailable.5.Itshouldbemanageable.6.Itshouldbeworthwhile.Don'twasteyouraudience’stime.•GatheringandSelectingAppropriateMaterialsconvincingmaterialssevenmajortypesofmaterials:descriptionsandexplanations,statistics,examples,testimony,comparisonandcontrast,repetitionandrestatement,andvisuals.guidelines•OutliningYourSpeechguidelines:1.Writeandlabelyourspecificpurposeatthetopofyouroutline.2.Indicatemainideas,points,sub-points,andsupportingmaterialsproperly.3.Useatleasttwosubdivisions,ifany,foreachpoint.Usingsubdivisionshelpsyougiveattentiontoallthepointsyouwanttosay.4.Labeltheintroduction,mainbodyandconclusion.II.HowtoWriteaGreatSpeech•OrganizingtheBodyoftheSpeechA.TheIntroductionA.Itshouldintroducethetopic.providingbackgroundinformation,definitionsexplanations,etc.B.Generallyitshouldcontainthethesisstatement.C.Itshouldbeinterestingenoughtomakethelistenerwanttocontinuelistening.Anecdotes,shockingstatistics,quotes,andrhetoricalquestionsD.Itshouldindicatehowyourtopicwillbedeveloped.E.tellyourlistenersWHYtheyshouldlistentoyou;suchashowtheywillbenefit.F.includethemethodoforganizationthatyouwillfollow.Thishelpsthelistenerprepareforwhatyouaregoingtosayandhelpthemorganizetheinformation.Aneffectiveintroduction•Createsafavorablefirstimpressionwiththeaudience•Boostsaspeaker’sself-confidenceGainingattention•relatethetopictotheaudience•Statetheimportanceofthetopic•Startletheaudience•Arousethecuriosityoftheaudience•Questiontheaudience•Beginwithquotation•Tellastory•Usingvisualaids•…Revealthetopic•Clearlystatesthespeechtopic•EstablishthecredibilityandgoodwillofthespeakerPreviewthebody•Tellsaudiencewhattolistenforintherest•Provideasmoothlead-in•PresentspecialinformationB.MainBodya.Eachmainpointdiscussesoneaspectofthethesis.b.Themainpointsshouldbelinkedwithcleartransitionssoastogivethebodycoherenceandunity.C.ConclusionAconclusioncanrestatethethesis.Aconclusioncanrestatethemainpoints.Aconclusioncancallforsomesortofaction(particularlyinapersuasivepiece)Aconclusioncanhighlightareasforfurtherresearch.Aconclusioncansuggestresultsorconsequences.Aconclusioncanremindtheaudienceoftheimportanceoftheinformationpresented.Thespeakercanthanktheaudiencefortheirattention.AconclusionshouldNEVERbringupanewtopic.AspeakershouldNEVERapologizefortheirinformation.Thelastthingyouwanttohappenisfortheaudiencetoquestionyourcredibility.2functionsofconclusion•Signaltheendofthespeech•Reinforcetheaudience’sunderstandingofthespeech•UsingSpeechLanguageA.UsingLanguageAccuratelyB.UseLanguageClearlyC.UselanguageVividlyIII.HowtoDeliveraGreatSpeech•PhysicalDelivery1.postureApublicspeakershouldlookcomfortable,confidentandpreparedtospeak.Inposture,thetwoextremestoavoidarerigidityandsloppiness.2.facialexpressionsYourfacialexpressionmustmatchwhatyouaresaying.3.movementa.Neverturnyourbackontheaudiencewhileyouarespeaking.b.Ifyoumoveaboutonthestage,makeyourmovementspurposeful.c.Beawareofallpotentialobstaclesonthestage.4.gestures5.EyecontactLetyourgazemoveovereachmemberoftheaudiencedon’tchooseonepersonandlookfixedlyathimorher.avoidthetemptationtolookovertheheadsofyouraudienceortoholdyournotesinfrontofyourface.6.AppearanceThewayyoudressandpresentyourselfDressappropriatelytotheaudience•VocalDeliveryVocaldeliveryreferstotheuseofyourvoicetoconveyyourmessage.1.rateRateisthespeednottooslowlyortooquickly.Varyingyourratecanbecritical.2.pausetemporarystopspausebeforeandafteramajorpoint.Youcanusepausestoillustratethatyouarechangingfromonepointtoanother.Youcanusepausesforemphasis3.volumeVolumereferstohowloudonespeaksSpeaktoosoftSpeaktooloudchangingthevolumeatcertainpointsemphasizeimportantideas.Raisingyourvoiceloweringyourvoice4.pitchPitchreferstothehighorlowqualityofyourvoice.Volumeismeasuredintermsofloudness.Thepitchofyourvoiceinpublicspeakingreferstothe“excitement”or“enthusiasm”levelinyourvoice.pitchcanberaisedandloweredforemphasis.varyyourpitch.5.Pronunciation6.articulation:notslur,speakclearlyIV.HowtoAnalyzeandEvaluateSpeech•three“M”s:matter,mannerandmethod.SpeakingtoPersuadeI.Persuasion:aPsychologicalprocess•A.Persuasionisthemostcomplexandthemostchallenging.•(controversialtopics,involvingvaluesandbeliefs;listeners’ownideas)•B.Listeners:mentalgive-and-take•(listeners:assessmentonspeakers)II.TheTargetAudience•Thepartofthewholeaudienceaspeakermostwantstor